Gestational Choriocarcinoma

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Retrieved

2021-01-23

Source

Orphanet

Trials

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Genes

TP53, BSG, CDKN1C, DKK1, LAMA1

Drugs

Allogeneic multi-virus specific T lymphocytes targeting BK virus, cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus-6, Epstein Barr virus and adenovirus, haematopoietic stem cells and blood progenitors umbilical cord-derived expanded with (1R, 4R)-N1-(2-benzyl-7-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-9H-pyrimido[4,5-b]indol-4-yl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine dihydrobromide dihydrate

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Gestational choriocarcinoma is a gestational trophoblastic tumor (GTT; see this term) occurring secondary to pregnancy (ectopic or normal), miscarriage, voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTP) or a hydatidiform mole (see this term).

Epidemiology

Annual incidence and prevalence are not known.

Clinical description

Indicative signs are persistent unexplained metrorrhagia or secondary increase, stagnation, or non-normalization at 6 months of total serum chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) levels after removal of a hydatidiform mole, persistent unexplained metrorrhagia following spontaneous abortion or VTP, occasionally unexplained metrorrhagia in the weeks or months following normal childbirth or an ectopic pregnancy. Occasionally, metastases (lung, liver, brain, kidneys, vagina) are indicative signs in women of childbearing age.

Etiology

Etiology is not known.

Diagnostic methods

Histologically, choriocarcinoma is characterized by trophoblast proliferation, absence of chorionic villi and tissue necrosis with bleeding.

Management and treatment

Low-risk tumors (according to FIGO score) are treated by systemic single-agent chemotherapy such as methotrexate (marketing authorization), and high-risk tumors by systemic multiple-agent chemotherapy.