Rasmussen Subacute Encephalitis

A rare inflammatory and autoimmune disease with epilepsy characterized by unilateral hemispheric atrophy, associated with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, progressive hemiplegia, and cognitive decline. The disease mainly affects children and begins with a prodromal period with mild hemiparesis or infrequent seizures lasting up to several years. The acute stage is marked by frequent seizures arising from one cerebral hemisphere, followed by a residual stage with persistent severe neurological deficits and relapsing epilepsy.