I Cell Disease

Mucolipidosis II (ML II), also known as I cell disease, is a rare and progressive metabolic disorder that involves our body’s ability to break down certain fats (mucolipids). Symptoms typically present in infancy or early childhood and include weak muscle tone (hypotonia), developmental delay, limited mobility, clubfeet, thickened skin, and short hands and fingers. ML II can also cause heart valve abnormalities and repeated respiratory infections. This reduces the individual’s ability to breathe effectively and typically results in death by early adolescence. ML II is caused by mutation in the GNPTAB gene, and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. ML II is diagnosed by testing the blood or urine for high levels of mucolipids, and the diagnosis can be confirmed by genetic testing. Treatment is based on relieving the signs and symptoms in each person, but early research into possible genetic therapies is promising.