Developmental Malformations-Deafness-Dystonia Syndrome

Developmental malformations-deafness-dystonia syndrome is characterised by the association of midline malformations, sensory hearing loss, and a delayed-onset generalised dystonia syndrome.

Epidemiology

It has been described in two monozygotic twins.

Etiology

The syndrome is caused by a missense point mutation in the gene coding for beta-actin, a nonmuscle actin isoform. Mutations in nonmuscle actin isoforms may be associated with developmental anomalies and neurological disorders such as dystonia.