Kallmann Syndrome 1
Kallmann syndrome 1 is an inherited disorder characterized by delayed or absent puberty and an impaired sense of smell. Other symptoms may include color blindness, cleft lip or palate, abnormal eye movements, hearing loss, failure of one of the kidneys to develop, mirror image hand movements, abnormalities of tooth development, and infertility. This disorder is a form of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. Affected males are usually born with a small penis and undescended testicles. Affected females usually do not begin menstruating at puberty and have little or no breast development. Kallmann syndrome 1 is the most common type of Kallmann syndrome (there are four types identified at this time). It is caused by mutations in the KAL1 gene and is inherited in an X-linked recessive fashion.