Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome

Hyaline fibromatosis syndrome (HFS) is a condition characterized by deposits of a clear substance (hyaline) in the skin and in various other body tissues. It typically becomes apparent at birth or in infancy, causing severe pain with movement; progressive joint contractures which limit movement; thickened skin; and hyperpigmented patches over prominences of the joints. Other features may include digestive problems; gum enlargement; skin bumps; pearly papules on the face and neck; and masses near the anus (perianal masses). Complications can be life threatening. Many children with the severe form (previously called infantile systemic hyalinosis) die in early childhood, while some with a milder form (previously called juvenile hyaline fibromatosis) survive into adulthood. HFS is caused by mutations in the ANTXR2 gene and is inherited in an autosomal recessive manner. Treatment is supportive and aims to alleviate pain and other signs and symptoms of the condition.