Oculogyric crises, if recognized, are a frequent clue to dopamine deficiency syndrome; however, as other neurologic manifestations are nonspecific, affected individuals may be misdiagnosed with cerebral palsy or an undefined L-dopa-responsive motor disorder [Friedman et al 2012].
Sepiapterin reductase deficiency is a neurometabolic disorder characterized by a pattern of involuntary sustained muscle contractions known as dystonia. Other common features include axial hypotonia , oculogyric crises , and delays in motor and cognitive development. The condition is caused by mutations in the SPR gene. It is inherited in an autosomal recessive fashion. Treatment with levodopa (L-dopa) in combination with carbidopa has shown much success causing drastic improvements in motor functioning.
A number sign (#) is used with this entry because dopa-responsive dystonia due to sepiapterin reductase deficiency is caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutation in the gene encoding sepiapterin reductase (SPR; 182125), a component of the tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) synthetic pathway, on chromosome 2p. One patient with a heterozygous mutation has been reported (Steinberger et al., 2004). Description SPR deficiency results in neurologic deterioration due to severe dopamine and serotonin deficiencies in the central nervous system caused by a defect in BH4 synthesis. Clinically, affected individuals show an L-DOPA-responsive, diurnally fluctuating movement disorder usually associated with cognitive delay and severe neurologic dysfunction. BH4 is a required cofactor for the synthesis of the neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin.
Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) due to sepiapterin reductase deficiency (SRD) is a very rare neurometabolic disorder characterized by dystonia with diurnal fluctuations, axial hypotonia, oculogyric crises, and delays in motor and cognitive development. Epidemiology The prevalence is unknown. There have been approximately 43 cases reported to date. Clinical description Onset usually occurs before the first year of life with manifestations of dystonia, motor and language delays, weakness, axial hypotonia (and hypotonia in a tetraplegic distribution) and oculogyric crises that show diurnal fluctuations (worse at night and better in the morning after sleeping). Sleep disturbances and psychological symptoms (anxiety, irritability) are common later in childhood. Intellectual deficits are frequently noted but some may only experience mild to moderate learning disabilities.
Sepiapterin reductase deficiency Other names SPR deficiency [1] Sepiapterin reductase deficiency is an inherited pediatric disorder characterized by movement problems, and most commonly displayed as a pattern of involuntary sustained muscle contractions known as dystonia . Symptoms are usually present within the first year of age, but diagnosis is delayed due to physicians lack of awareness and the specialized diagnostic procedures. [2] Individuals with this disorder also have delayed motor skills development including sitting, crawling, and need assistance when walking. Additional symptoms of this disorder include intellectual disability, excessive sleeping, mood swings, and an abnormally small head size. SR deficiency is a very rare condition. The first case was diagnosed in 2001, and since then there have been approximately 30 reported cases. At this time, the condition seems to be treatable, but due to a lack of overall awareness and a series of atypical procedures used to diagnose this condition pose a dilemma. [3] Contents 1 Signs and symptoms 1.1 Cognitive problems 1.2 Motor problems 2 Causes 3 Diagnosis 3.1 CSF neurotransmitter screening 4 Treatment 4.1 Levodopa and Carbidopa 5 Case Studies 5.1 Autosomal Recessive DOPA-responsive Dystonia 5.2 Homozygous Mutation causing Parkinsonism 5.3 Quantification of Sepiapterin in CSF 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Signs and symptoms [ edit ] Cognitive problems [ edit ] Intellectual disability: Delay in cognitive development Extreme mood swings Language delay [4] Motor problems [ edit ] Dystonia: involuntary muscle contractions Axial hypotonia : low muscle tone and strength [5] Dysarthria : impairment in muscles used for speech Muscle stiffness and tremors Seizures Coordination and balance impairment Oculogyric crises : abnormal rotation of the eyes The oculogyric crises usually occur in the later half of the day and during these episodes patients undergo extreme agitation and irritability along with uncontrolled head and neck movements.
Sepiapterin reductase deficiency is a condition characterized by movement problems, most often a pattern of involuntary, sustained muscle contractions known as dystonia. Other movement problems can include muscle stiffness (spasticity), tremors, problems with coordination and balance (ataxia), and involuntary jerking movements (chorea). People with sepiapterin reductase deficiency can experience episodes called oculogyric crises. These episodes involve abnormal rotation of the eyeballs; extreme irritability and agitation; and pain, muscle spasms, and uncontrolled movements, especially of the head and neck. Movement abnormalities are often worse late in the day. Most affected individuals have delayed development of motor skills such as sitting and crawling, and they typically are not able to walk unassisted.
Hyperoxaluria resulting from short bowel syndrome and following malabsorptive types of gastric bypass surgery can be quite marked, overlapping the range seen in inherited PH of all types.
Biotinidase deficiency is an inherited disorder in which the body is unable to recycle the vitamin biotin. If this condition is not recognized and treated, its signs and symptoms typically appear within the first few months of life, although it can also become apparent later in childhood. Profound biotinidase deficiency, the more severe form of the condition, can cause seizures, weak muscle tone (hypotonia), breathing problems, hearing and vision loss, problems with movement and balance (ataxia), skin rashes, hair loss (alopecia), and a fungal infection called candidiasis. Affected children also have delayed development. Lifelong treatment can prevent these complications from occurring or improve them if they have already developed. Partial biotinidase deficiency is a milder form of this condition. Without treatment, affected children may experience hypotonia, skin rashes, and hair loss, but these problems may appear only during illness, infection, or other times of stress.
A late-onset form of multiple carboxylase deficiency, an inborn error of biotin metabolism that, if untreated, is characterized by seizures, breathing difficulties, hypotonia, skin rash, alopecia, hearing loss and delayed development. Epidemiology Prevalence of clinical biotinidase deficiency (BD) is estimated to be 1/61,000. Carrier frequency in the general population is approximately 1/120. Clinical description Symptoms of BD deficiency typically appear within the first few months of life, but later onset has also been reported. Individuals with untreated profound deficiency (less than 10 % of mean normal serum biotinidase activity) have variable clinical findings including seizures, hypotonia, eczematoid rash, alopecia, ataxia, hearing loss, fungal infections, and developmental delay. Metabolically, untreated children can exhibit ketolactic acidosis, organic acidemia (-uria) and mild hyperammonemia.
However, children with ADHD are more likely than others to also have conditions such as: Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), generally defined as a pattern of negative, defiant and hostile behavior toward authority figures Conduct disorder, marked by antisocial behavior such as stealing, fighting, destroying property, and harming people or animals Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, characterized by irritability and problems tolerating frustration Learning disabilities, including problems with reading, writing, understanding and communicating Substance use disorders, including drugs, alcohol and smoking Anxiety disorders, which may cause overwhelming worry and nervousness, and include obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) Mood disorders, including depression and bipolar disorder, which includes depression as well as manic behavior Autism spectrum disorder, a condition related to brain development that impacts how a person perceives and socializes with others Tic disorder or Tourette syndrome, disorders that involve repetitive movements or unwanted sounds (tics) that can't be easily controlled Prevention To help reduce your child's risk of ADHD : During pregnancy, avoid anything that could harm fetal development.
Engagement of Ltbr by Tnfsf14 was essential for both intestinal inflammation and hyperserum IgA syndrome in this model. Wang et al. (2004) found increased IgA-producing cells in the gut, elevated serum IgA levels, and severe hematuria in a majority of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (see IBD1; 266600).
PMID 11538019 . v t e Mixed and virtual reality Concepts Applications of virtual reality Artificial reality Augmented reality Degrees of freedom Immersion Projection augmented model Real life Reality–virtuality continuum Room-scale Telepresence Virtual reality sickness Virtual world persistent Technology Omnidirectional treadmill Wearable computer Haptic suit Display Head-mounted display optical Head-up display Virtual retinal display Virtual reality headset ( comparison ) 3D interaction Positional tracking Eye tracking Finger tracking Simultaneous localization and mapping Software Asynchronous reprojection Foveated rendering Image-based modeling and rendering Photography Free viewpoint television 360-degree video VR photography Omnidirectional camera Peripherals Cyberith Virtualizer Oculus Touch Leap Motion PlayStation Move Razer Hydra Virtuix Omni Wired glove Wizdish ROVR Immersive devices Current Google Cardboard HTC Vive Nintendo Labo VR Kit Oculus Go Oculus Quest 2 Oculus Rift CV1 Rift S OSVR Magic Leap Samsung Gear VR PlayStation VR Pimax Valve Index Vuzix Blade Windows Mixed Reality Microsoft HoloLens 2 Google Glass Legacy Famicom 3D System Google Daydream Liquid Image Sensorama Sega VR Sword of Damocles Vuzix VFX1 Headgear Virtual Boy Virtuality Applications ARToolKit ARCore Interactive art Virtual graffiti OpenVR OpenXR Pervasive game WebVR Games List of HTC Vive games List of Oculus Quest games List of Oculus Rift games List of PlayStation VR games v t e Motion sickness Types Airsickness Seasickness Simulator sickness Ski sickness Space adaptation syndrome Virtual reality sickness Medicine treatment Bonine Cinnarizine Dramamine Marezine Promethazine Transdermscop Related Bárány chair Sickness bag
Infections are caused by infectious agents ( pathogens ) including: Viruses and related agents such as viroids ( HIV , Rhinovirus , Lyssaviruses such as Rabies virus , Ebolavirus and Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 ) Bacteria ( Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Staphylococcus aureus , Escherichia coli , Clostridium botulinum , and Salmonella spp.)
The ICD-10 requires that any personality-disorder diagnosis also meet and satisfy the General diagnostic criteria 2 used for determining that a person has a diagnosable personality disorder. [30] Subtypes of NPD [ edit ] Although the DSM-5 indicates narcissistic personality disorder as a homogeneous syndrome, there is evidence of overt and covert subtypes in the expression of NPD. [2] The study Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Diagnostic and Clinical Challenges (2015) indicates the existence of two subtypes of narcissism: (i) Grandiose narcissism, characterized by the personality traits of grandiosity, arrogance, and boldness; and (ii) Vulnerable narcissism, characterized by the personality traits of defensiveness and hypersensitivity. [2] The research indicates that people with grandiose narcissism express behavior "through interpersonally exploitative acts, lack of empathy, intense envy, aggression, and exhibitionism." [31] In an inventory of the types of NPD, the psychiatrist Glen Gabbard described the "oblivious" subtype of narcissist as being a grandiose, arrogant, and thick-skinned person; and described the "narcissistic vulnerability" of the subtype of person who consciously exhibits the personality traits of helplessness and emotional emptiness, and of low self-esteem and shame, which usually are expressed as socially avoidant behavior in situations where the narcissist's self-presentation is impossible; therefore, they withdraw from situations wherein the needed or expected social approval is not given. [31] Gabbard also described the " hypervigilant " subtype of narcissist whose feelings are easily hurt, has an oversensitive temperament , and ashamed; and described the "high-functioning" subtype of narcissist as a person less functionally impaired in the areas of life where narcissists with a severe expression of NPD usually have difficulties in functioning as a normally-socialized person. [2] In the study Disorders of Personality: DSM-IV-TM and Beyond (1996), Theodore Millon suggested five subtypes of narcissist; [32] however, there are few, pure subtypes of narcissist. ... External links [ edit ] Narcissistic personality disorder Mayo Clinic Narcissistic Personality Disorder Cleveland Clinic Why Nothing Is Simple Around A Narcissist PsychCentral Classification D ICD - 10 : F60.8 ICD - 9-CM : 301.81 MeSH : D010554 External resources MedlinePlus : 000934 v t e Personality disorders Schizotypal Schizotypal Specific Anankastic Anxious (avoidant) Dependent Dissocial Emotionally unstable Histrionic Paranoid Schizoid Other Eccentric Haltlose Immature Narcissistic Passive–aggressive Psychoneurotic Organic Organic Unspecified Unspecified v t e Narcissism Types Collective Egomania Flying monkeys Healthy Malignant Narcissistic personality disorder Spiritual Workplace Characteristics Betrayal Boasting Egocentrism Egotism Empathy (lack of) Envy Entitlement (exaggerated sense of) Fantasy Grandiosity Hubris Magical thinking Manipulative Narcissistic abuse Narcissistic elation Narcissistic rage and narcissistic injury Narcissistic mortification Narcissistic supply Narcissistic withdrawal Perfectionism Self-esteem Self-righteousness Shamelessness Superficial charm Superiority complex True self and false self Vanity Defences Denial Idealization and devaluation Distortion Projection Splitting Cultural phenomena Control freak Don Juanism Dorian Gray syndrome My way or the highway Selfie Related articles Codependency Counterdependency Dark triad Ego ideal "Egomania" (film) Egotheism Empire-building God complex History of narcissism Messiah complex Micromanagement Narcissism of small differences Narcissistic leadership Narcissistic parent Narcissistic Personality Inventory Narcissus (mythology) On Narcissism Sam Vaknin Self-love Self-serving bias Spoiled child The Culture of Narcissism Workplace bullying Authority control GND : 4526646-3
Overview Narcissistic personality disorder is a mental health condition in which people have an unreasonably high sense of their own importance. They need and seek too much attention and want people to admire them. People with this disorder may lack the ability to understand or care about the feelings of others. But behind this mask of extreme confidence, they are not sure of their self-worth and are easily upset by the slightest criticism. A narcissistic personality disorder causes problems in many areas of life, such as relationships, work, school or financial matters.
"The most common form of birth defects from thalidomide is shortened limbs, with the arms being more frequently affected. This syndrome is the presence of deformities of the long bones of the limbs resulting in shortening and other abnormalities." [34] Grünenthal criminal trial [ edit ] In 1968, a large criminal trial began in Germany, charging several Grünenthal officials with negligent homicide and injury.
Thalidomide embryopathy is a group of anomalies presented in infants as a result of in utero exposure (between 20-36 days after fertilization) to thalidomide, a sedative used in treatment of a range of conditions, including morning sickness, leprosy and multiple myeloma (see these terms). Thalidomine embryopathy is characterized by phocomelia, amelia, forelimb and hand plate anomalies (absence of humerus and/or forearm, femur and/or lower leg, thumb anomalies). Other anomalies include facial hemangiomas, and damages to ears (anotia, microtia), eyes (microphthalmia, anophthalmos, coloboma, strabismus), internal organs (kidney, heart, and gastrointestinal tract), genitalia, and heart. Infant mortality associated with thalidomide embryopathy is estimated to be as high as 40%. Thalidomide is contraindicated in pregnancy and pregnancy prevention is recommended in women under treatment.
External links [ edit ] World Health Organization: Regional office for Europe AIDS epidemic update 2005 (PDF) Specific country data from UNAIDS AIDSPortal Eastern Europe page (the UK) - latest research, case studies and news stories AIDSPortal Western Europe page (Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Russia and Ukraine) - latest research, case studies and news stories v t e HIV/AIDS in Europe Sovereign states Albania Andorra Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Belarus Belgium Bosnia and Herzegovina Bulgaria Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Estonia Finland France Georgia Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Kazakhstan Latvia Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Malta Moldova Monaco Montenegro Netherlands North Macedonia Norway Poland Portugal Romania Russia San Marino Serbia Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sweden Switzerland Turkey Ukraine United Kingdom States with limited recognition Abkhazia Artsakh Kosovo Northern Cyprus South Ossetia Transnistria Dependencies and other entities Åland Faroe Islands Gibraltar Guernsey Isle of Man Jersey Svalbard v t e HIV / AIDS topics HIV/AIDS HIV HIV Lentivirus structure and genome subtypes CDC classification disease progression rates HIV/AIDS diagnosis management pathophysiology prevention research vaccination PrEP WHO disease staging system for HIV infection and disease Children Teens / Adults Countries by AIDS prevalence rate Conditions Signs and symptoms AIDS-defining clinical condition Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome Lipodystrophy Nephropathy Neurocognitive disorders Pruritus Superinfection Tuberculosis co-infection HIV Drug Resistance Database Innate resistance to HIV Serostatus HIV-positive people Nutrition Pregnancy History History Epidemiology Multiple sex partners Timeline AIDS Museum Timothy Ray Brown Women and HIV/AIDS Social AIDS orphan Catholic Church and HIV/AIDS Circumcision and HIV Criminal transmission Discrimination against people Economic impact Cost of treatment HIV-affected community HIV/AIDS activism HIV/AIDS denialism Red ribbon Safe sex Sex education List of HIV-positive people People With AIDS Self-Empowerment Movement HIV/AIDS in the porn industry Culture Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories International AIDS Conference International AIDS Society Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Media portrayal of HIV/AIDS Misconceptions about HIV/AIDS President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) The SING Campaign Solidays Treatment Action Campaign World AIDS Day YAA/Youthforce "Free Me" Larry Kramer Gay Men's Health Crisis ACT UP Silence=Death Project HIV/AIDS pandemic by region / country Africa Angola Benin Botswana Democratic Republic of the Congo Egypt Eswatini Ethiopia Ghana Guinea Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Tanzania South Africa Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe North America Canada Mexico El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua United States New York City Caribbean Haiti Jamaica Dominican Republic South America Bolivia Brazil Colombia Guyana Peru Asia Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China (PRC) ( Yunnan ) East Timor India Indonesia Iran Iraq Japan Jordan North Korea Laos Malaysia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Philippines Saudi Arabia Sri Lanka Taiwan (ROC) Thailand United Arab Emirates Turkey Vietnam Europe United Kingdom Russia Ukraine Oceania Australia New Zealand Papua New Guinea List of countries by HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate List of HIV/AIDS cases and deaths registered by region
S2CID 30023240 . v t e HIV / AIDS topics HIV/AIDS HIV HIV Lentivirus structure and genome subtypes CDC classification disease progression rates HIV/AIDS diagnosis management pathophysiology prevention research vaccination PrEP WHO disease staging system for HIV infection and disease Children Teens / Adults Countries by AIDS prevalence rate Conditions Signs and symptoms AIDS-defining clinical condition Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome Lipodystrophy Nephropathy Neurocognitive disorders Pruritus Superinfection Tuberculosis co-infection HIV Drug Resistance Database Innate resistance to HIV Serostatus HIV-positive people Nutrition Pregnancy History History Epidemiology Multiple sex partners Timeline AIDS Museum Timothy Ray Brown Women and HIV/AIDS Social AIDS orphan Catholic Church and HIV/AIDS Circumcision and HIV Criminal transmission Discrimination against people Economic impact Cost of treatment HIV-affected community HIV/AIDS activism HIV/AIDS denialism Red ribbon Safe sex Sex education List of HIV-positive people People With AIDS Self-Empowerment Movement HIV/AIDS in the porn industry Culture Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories International AIDS Conference International AIDS Society Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Media portrayal of HIV/AIDS Misconceptions about HIV/AIDS President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) The SING Campaign Solidays Treatment Action Campaign World AIDS Day YAA/Youthforce "Free Me" Larry Kramer Gay Men's Health Crisis ACT UP Silence=Death Project HIV/AIDS pandemic by region / country Africa Angola Benin Botswana Democratic Republic of the Congo Egypt Eswatini Ethiopia Ghana Guinea Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Tanzania South Africa Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe North America Canada Mexico El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua United States New York City Caribbean Haiti Jamaica Dominican Republic South America Bolivia Brazil Colombia Guyana Peru Asia Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China (PRC) ( Yunnan ) East Timor India Indonesia Iran Iraq Japan Jordan North Korea Laos Malaysia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Philippines Saudi Arabia Sri Lanka Taiwan (ROC) Thailand United Arab Emirates Turkey Vietnam Europe United Kingdom Russia Ukraine Oceania Australia New Zealand Papua New Guinea List of countries by HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate List of HIV/AIDS cases and deaths registered by region
External links [ edit ] AIDS Epidemiology (PDF) AIDSPortal Caribbean page: Latest research, case studies and news stories Caribbean nations see HIV success, BBC News Caribbean - 4 December 2008 v t e HIV / AIDS topics HIV/AIDS HIV HIV Lentivirus structure and genome subtypes CDC classification disease progression rates HIV/AIDS diagnosis management pathophysiology prevention research vaccination PrEP WHO disease staging system for HIV infection and disease Children Teens / Adults Countries by AIDS prevalence rate Conditions Signs and symptoms AIDS-defining clinical condition Diffuse infiltrative lymphocytosis syndrome Lipodystrophy Nephropathy Neurocognitive disorders Pruritus Superinfection Tuberculosis co-infection HIV Drug Resistance Database Innate resistance to HIV Serostatus HIV-positive people Nutrition Pregnancy History History Epidemiology Multiple sex partners Timeline AIDS Museum Timothy Ray Brown Women and HIV/AIDS Social AIDS orphan Catholic Church and HIV/AIDS Circumcision and HIV Criminal transmission Discrimination against people Economic impact Cost of treatment HIV-affected community HIV/AIDS activism HIV/AIDS denialism Red ribbon Safe sex Sex education List of HIV-positive people People With AIDS Self-Empowerment Movement HIV/AIDS in the porn industry Culture Discredited HIV/AIDS origins theories International AIDS Conference International AIDS Society Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) Media portrayal of HIV/AIDS Misconceptions about HIV/AIDS President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) The SING Campaign Solidays Treatment Action Campaign World AIDS Day YAA/Youthforce "Free Me" Larry Kramer Gay Men's Health Crisis ACT UP Silence=Death Project HIV/AIDS pandemic by region / country Africa Angola Benin Botswana Democratic Republic of the Congo Egypt Eswatini Ethiopia Ghana Guinea Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast) Kenya Lesotho Madagascar Malawi Mali Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Rwanda Senegal Tanzania South Africa Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe North America Canada Mexico El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua United States New York City Caribbean Haiti Jamaica Dominican Republic South America Bolivia Brazil Colombia Guyana Peru Asia Afghanistan Armenia Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Cambodia China (PRC) ( Yunnan ) East Timor India Indonesia Iran Iraq Japan Jordan North Korea Laos Malaysia Myanmar (Burma) Nepal Pakistan Philippines Saudi Arabia Sri Lanka Taiwan (ROC) Thailand United Arab Emirates Turkey Vietnam Europe United Kingdom Russia Ukraine Oceania Australia New Zealand Papua New Guinea List of countries by HIV/AIDS adult prevalence rate List of HIV/AIDS cases and deaths registered by region v t e HIV/AIDS in North America Sovereign states Antigua and Barbuda Bahamas Barbados Belize Canada Costa Rica Cuba Dominica Dominican Republic El Salvador Grenada Guatemala Haiti Honduras Jamaica Mexico Nicaragua Panama Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Trinidad and Tobago United States Dependencies and other territories Anguilla Aruba Bermuda Bonaire British Virgin Islands Cayman Islands Curaçao Greenland Guadeloupe Martinique Montserrat Puerto Rico Saint Barthélemy Saint Martin Saint Pierre and Miquelon Saba Sint Eustatius Sint Maarten Turks and Caicos Islands United States Virgin Islands
Larvae or eggs can reach the stomach or intestines if they are swallowed with food and cause gastric or intestinal myiasis. [2] Several different presentations of myiasis and their symptoms: [2] Syndrome Symptoms Cutaneous myiasis Painful, slow-developing ulcers or furuncle- (boil-) like sores that can last for a prolonged period Nasal myiasis Obstruction of nasal passages and severe irritation.
Between 28% and 60% of children with a speech and language deficit have a sibling and/or parent who is also affected. [13] Down syndrome is another example of a genetic causal factor that may result in speech and/or language impairments. ... American Speech-Language-Hearing Association American Academy of Audiology Auditory Processing Disorder in the UK (APDUK) Canadian Association of Speech-Language Pathologists & Audiologists Controversial Practices in Children's Speech Sound Disorders - Oral Motor Exercises, Dietary Supplements, Auditory Integration Training Apraxia-Kids Glossary of Common Acronyms and Abbreviations National Aphasia Association National Association of Special Education Teachers: Speech and Language Impairment National Center for Voice and Speech Speech and Language Development Speech & Language Milestone Chart Topics related to Speech and language impairment v t e Diseases of the outer and middle ear Outer ear Otitis externa Otomycosis Middle ear and mastoid Otitis media Mastoiditis Bezold's abscess Gradenigo's syndrome Tympanosclerosis Cholesteatoma Perforated eardrum Symptoms Ear pain Hearing loss Tests Otoscope pneumatic tympanometry v t e Diseases of the nervous system , primarily CNS Inflammation Brain Encephalitis Viral encephalitis Herpesviral encephalitis Limbic encephalitis Encephalitis lethargica Cavernous sinus thrombosis Brain abscess Amoebic Brain and spinal cord Encephalomyelitis Acute disseminated Meningitis Meningoencephalitis Brain / encephalopathy Degenerative Extrapyramidal and movement disorders Basal ganglia disease Parkinsonism PD Postencephalitic NMS PKAN Tauopathy PSP Striatonigral degeneration Hemiballismus HD OA Dyskinesia Dystonia Status dystonicus Spasmodic torticollis Meige's Blepharospasm Athetosis Chorea Choreoathetosis Myoclonus Myoclonic epilepsy Akathisia Tremor Essential tremor Intention tremor Restless legs Stiff-person Dementia Tauopathy Alzheimer's Early-onset Primary progressive aphasia Frontotemporal dementia / Frontotemporal lobar degeneration Pick's Dementia with Lewy bodies Posterior cortical atrophy Vascular dementia Mitochondrial disease Leigh syndrome Demyelinating Autoimmune Inflammatory Multiple sclerosis For more detailed coverage, see Template:Demyelinating diseases of CNS Episodic/ paroxysmal Seizures and epilepsy Focal Generalised Status epilepticus For more detailed coverage, see Template:Epilepsy Headache Migraine Cluster Tension For more detailed coverage, see Template:Headache Cerebrovascular TIA Stroke For more detailed coverage, see Template:Cerebrovascular diseases Other Sleep disorders For more detailed coverage, see Template:Sleep CSF Intracranial hypertension Hydrocephalus Normal pressure hydrocephalus Choroid plexus papilloma Idiopathic intracranial hypertension Cerebral edema Intracranial hypotension Other Brain herniation Reye syndrome Hepatic encephalopathy Toxic encephalopathy Hashimoto's encephalopathy Both/either Degenerative SA Friedreich's ataxia Ataxia–telangiectasia MND UMN only: Primary lateral sclerosis Pseudobulbar palsy Hereditary spastic paraplegia LMN only: Distal hereditary motor neuronopathies Spinal muscular atrophies SMA SMAX1 SMAX2 DSMA1 Congenital DSMA Spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance (SMALED) SMALED1 SMALED2A SMALED2B SMA-PCH SMA-PME Progressive muscular atrophy Progressive bulbar palsy Fazio–Londe Infantile progressive bulbar palsy both: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis v t e Dyslexia and related specific developmental disorders Conditions Speech, language , and communication Expressive language disorder Infantile speech Landau–Kleffner syndrome Language disorder Lisp Mixed receptive-expressive language disorder Specific language impairment Speech and language impairment Speech disorder Speech error Speech sound disorder Stuttering Tip of the tongue Learning disability Dyslexia Dys
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