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Mediastinal Tumors
Wikipedia
A large minority of patients with a mediastinal teratoma (including dermoid cyst ) will cough up hair. [9] For a differential diagnosis, the key is to exclude aneurism . [ citation needed ] See also [ edit ] Mediastinal lymphadenopathy References [ edit ] ^ a b "Neurogenic Tumors of the Mediastinum" . Retrieved 28 July 2012 . ^ Macchiarini P, Ostertag H (February 2004).
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Thanatophoric Dysplasia
Gene_reviews
Nikkel et al [2013] described a long-term survivor with TD at age 28 years. Her course was exceptional, as she did not require invasive ventilatory support until age four months and required full-time ventilatory support from age 15 years. ... One infant reported at age 11 months required suboccipital decompression due to clonus and decreased limb movements secondary to a narrow foramen magnum [Thompson et al 2011]. One individual reported at age 28 years underwent surgical decompression of a small foramen magnum and insertion of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt [Nikkel et al 2013]. ... Thanatophoric Dysplasia: Clinical Features of Long-Term Survivors View in own window Long-Term Survivor: Gender, Age at Report Male, age 4.75 yrs 1 Female, age 28 yrs 2 Male, age 9 yrs 3 Female, age 23 yrs 4 Male, age 8 yrs 5 Method of diagnosis Clinical / radiographic Molecular (p.Arg248Cys) Molecular (p.Arg248Cys) Molecular (p.Arg248Cys) Molecular (p.Gly370Cys) Ventilated from age Neonate 2 mos 9 yrs ND 2 days Estimated developmental age 2 mos 8-18 mos as a teenager 6 18 mos ND 10-12 mos Neurologic Hydrocephalus requiring shunt Suboccipital decompression Seizures Hydrocephalus requiring shunt Suboccipital decompression Seizures Mild ventriculomegaly Marked stenosis of skull base & upper cervical spine Clinically suspected high cervical myelopathy but no surgery Seizures ND ND Skin ND Acanthosis nigricans & seborrheic keratoses Acanthosis nigricans Acanthosis nigricans & seborrheic keratoses Acanthosis nigricans Hearing Hearing impairment Significant hearing impairment Cholesteatoma Mixed hearing impairment Bilateral hearing aids ND ND Growth parameters at birth ND Weight: 2.1 kg Length: 37 cm OFC: 35 cm Weight: 3.26 kg Length: 41 cm OFC: 39.5 cm ND Weight: 2.6 kg Length: 37 cm OFC: 37 cm Growth parameters at specified age At age 4.75 yrs: Weight: 8.82 kg Length: 65 cm OFC: 47.5 cm At age 3.75 yrs: 7 Weight: 6.5 kg Length: 55 cm OFC: 49 cm See footnote 8.
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Pachyonychia Congenita
Gene_reviews
International Pachyonychia Congenita Research Registry (IPCRR) Data Summary (as of 10 May 2017) View in own window Gene in Which Pathogenic Variants Were Confirmed KRT6A KRT6B KRT6C KRT16 KRT17 TOTAL Number evaluated for finding 1 304 71 22 247 130 774 Toenails thickened 10 toenails 286 (94%) 26 (37%) 0 (00%) 99 (40%) 100 (77%) 511 (66%) 7-9 toenails 9 (03%) 14 (20%) 0 (00%) 52 (21%) 11 (08%) 86 (11%) 4-6 toenails 2 (01%) 21 (30%) 3 (14%) 63 (26%) 7 (05%) 96 (12%) 1-3 toenails 4 (01%) 9 (13%) 10 (45%) 44 (18%) 8 (06%) 75 (10%) Total w/toenails thickened 301 (99%) 70 (99%) 13 (59%) 238 (96%) 126 (97%) 748 (97%) Age at onset Birth - <1 yr 264 (88%) 10 (14%) 1 (08%) 45 (19%) 92 (73%) 412 (54%) 1-4 yrs 33 (11%) 19 (27%) 6 (46%) 78 (33%) 24 (19%) 160 (21%) 5-14 yrs 4 (01%) 34 (49%) 4 (31%) 74 (31%) 10 (08%) 126 (17%) ≥15 yrs 0 (00%) 7 (10%) 2 (15%) 43 (18%) 1 (01%) 53 (07%) Fingernails thickened 10 fingernails 271 (89%) 4 (06%) 0 (00%) 73 (30%) 62 (48%) 410 (53%) 7-9 fingernails 10 (03%) 4 (06%) 0 (00%) 11 (04%) 13 (10%) 38 (05%) 4-6 fingernails 14 (05%) 17 (24%) 0 (00%) 30 (12%) 28 (22%) 89 (11%) 1-3 fingernails 6 (02%) 7 (10%) 0 (00%) 28 (11%) 9 (07%) 50 (06%) Total w/fingernails thickened 301 (99%) 32 (45%) 0 (00%) 142 (57%) 112 (86%) 587 (76%) Age at onset Birth - <1 yr 267 (89%) 4 (13%) 0 (00%) 33 (23%) 85 (76%) 389 (66%) 1-4 yrs 30 (10%) 8 (25%) 0 (00%) 42 (30%) 19 (17%) 99 (17%) 5-14 yrs 3 (01%) 11 (34%) 0 (00%) 34 (24%) 6 (05%) 54 (09%) ≥15 yrs 1 (00%) 10 (31%) 0 (00%) 34 (24%) 3 (03%) 48 (08%) Plantar keratoderma Always (never completely goes away) 254 (84%) 67 (94%) 19 (86%) 240 (97%) 86 (66%) 666 (86%) Sometimes (feet clear up completely at times) 7 (02%) 1 (01%) 0 (00%) 1 (00%) 14 (11%) 23 (03%) Seldom (feet usually clear of symptoms) 5 (02%) 0 (00%) 0 (00%) 0 (00%) 4 (03%) 9 (01%) Total w/plantar keratoderma 266 (88%) 68 (96%) 19 (86%) 241 (98%) 104 (80%) 698 (90%) Age at onset Birth - <1 yr 39 (15%) 2 (03%) 1 (05%) 23 (10%) 12 (12%) 77 (11%) 1-4 yrs 152 (57%) 23 (34%) 9 (47%) 130 (54%) 35 (34%) 349 (50%) 5-14 yrs 70 (26%) 42 (62%) 9 (47%) 82 (34%) 43 (41%) 246 (35%) ≥15 yrs 5 (02%) 1 (01%) 0 (00%) 8 (03%) 15 (14%) 29 (04%) Plantar pain w/plantar keratoderma 2 Often require medication for pain 65 (24%) 12 (18%) 5 (26%) 74 (31%) 19 (18%) 175 (25%) Very painful, but do not use medication 114 (43%) 32 (47%) 11 (58%) 111 (46%) 34 (33%) 302 (43%) Somewhat painful 77 (29%) 24 (35%) 3 (16%) 50 (21%) 36 (35%) 190 (27%) Total w/plantar keratoderma/pain 256 (96%) 68 (100%) 19 (100%) 235 (98%) 89 (86%) 667 (96%) Palmar keratoderma Always (never completely goes away) 86 (28%) 11 (15%) 2 (09%) 148 (60%) 21 (16%) 268 (35%) Sometimes (hands clear up completely at times) 32 (11%) 7 (10%) 1 (05%) 15 (06%) 22 (17%) 77 (10%) Seldom (hands usually clear of symptoms) 49 (16%) 13 (18%) 3 (14%) 22 (09%) 27 (21%) 114 (15%) Total w/palmar keratoderma 167 (55%) 31 (44%) 6 (27%) 185 (75%) 70 (54%) 459 (59%) Additional findings Oral leukokeratosis 269 (88%) 18 (25%) 4 (18%) 88 (36%) 34 (26%) 413 (53%) Cysts 188 (62%) 49 (69%) 4 (18%) 64 (26%) 121 (93%) 426 (55%) Follicular hyperkeratosis 162 (53%) 30 (42%) 0 (00%) 30 (12%) 86 (66%) 308 (40%) Natal or prenatal teeth 12 (04%) 0 (00%) 0 (00%) 0 (00%) 99 (76%) 111 (14%) 1.
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Generalized Arterial Calcification Of Infancy
Gene_reviews
In early-onset GACI, the most common initial findings were fetal distress (46%), heart failure (44%), polyhydramnios (38%), hypertension (33%), respiratory distress (30%), hydrops fetalis (28%), edema (24%), "visceral" effusions (20%), cyanosis (22%), cardiomegaly (17%), and ascites (13%). ... The most commonly calcified arteries in late-onset GACI were coronary (88%), renal (55%), pulmonary (49%), aorta (36%), adrenal (34%), splenic (31%), pancreatic (28%), and mesenteric (26%). In a cohort of long-term survivors of GACI, the most common sites of arterial calcification were the aorta (14/16), and renal (11/16), mesenteric (11/16), coronary (10/16), iliac (10/16), and pulmonary (10/16) arteries [Ferreira et al 2020]. ... Variability In one family in which the father and son were homozygous for the same ENPP1 pathogenic variant, the father presented with hypophosphatemia and rickets and later developed an aortic root dissection at age 28 years, while the son had GACI and hypophosphatemia [Lorenz-Depiereux et al 2010].
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Nkx2-1-Related Disorders
Gene_reviews
The prevalence of chorea in the NKX2-1 -related disorders is unknown. In one study all 28 affected individuals from 13 families with a heterozygous NKX2-1 pathogenic variant had chorea and hypotonia [Gras et al 2012]. ... The prevalence of chorea in the NKX2-1 -related disorders is unknown. In one study all 28 affected individuals from 13 families with a heterozygous NKX2-1 pathogenic variant had chorea and hypotonia [Gras et al 2012]. ... Prognosis and Progression Life expectancy in persons with NKX2-1 -related disorders is normal [Fernandez et al 2001]. A retrospective study describing 28 persons with 13 novel NKX2-1 pathogenic variants over a mean duration of 24.5 years reports a homogeneous progression of neurologic symptoms.
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Alcohol Abuse
Wikipedia
Its symptoms include troublesome behaviour in school, constantly lying, learning disabilities and social impairments. [28] Alcohol abuse during adolescence greatly increases the risk of developing an alcohol use disorder in adulthood due to changes to neurocircuitry that alcohol abuse causes in the vulnerable adolescent brain. [29] Younger ages of initial consumption among males in recent studies has shown to be associated with increased rates of alcohol abuse within the general population. [30] Societal inequalities (among other factors) have influenced an adolescents decision to consume alcohol. [31] [ citation needed ] One study suggests that girls were scrutinized for "drinking like men", whereas magazines that target the male population sent underlying messages to boys and or men that drinking alcohol was "masculine". ... Alcohol abuse is related to economic and biological origins and is associated with adverse health consequences. [28] Peer pressure influences individuals to abuse alcohol; however, most of the influence of peers is due to inaccurate perceptions of the risks of alcohol abuse. [33] According to Gelder, Mayou and Geddes (2005) easy accessibility of alcohol is one of the reasons people engage in alcohol abuse as this substance is easily obtained in shops. ... The influence of genetic risk factors in developing alcohol use disorders increase with age [64] ranging from 28% in adolescence and 58% in adults. [65] Prognosis [ edit ] Alcohol abuse during adolescence, especially early adolescence (i.e. before age 15), may lead to long-term changes in the brain which leaves them at increased risk of alcoholism in later years; genetic factors also influence age of onset of alcohol abuse and risk of alcoholism. [66] For example, about 40 percent of those who begin drinking alcohol before age 15 develop alcohol dependence in later life, whereas only 10 percent of those who did not begin drinking until 20 years or older developed an alcohol problem in later life. [67] It is not entirely clear whether this association is causal, and some researchers have been known to disagree with this view. [68] Alcohol use disorders often cause a wide range of cognitive impairments that result in significant impairment of the affected individual. ... ISBN 978-0-89042-334-9 . ^ "AUDIT – Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test" . Alcohol Learning Centre. 28 June 2010. Archived from the original on 17 March 2012 .CYP2E1, NPY, ALDH2, ADH1B, DRD2, ADH1C, HTR2A, SLC6A4, MMP2, OPRM1, CRH, AKR1A1, F2, GAL, DRD4, TLR4, HFE, COMT, SNCA, EGFR, MAOA, APOE, ARNTL2, GABRA2, POMC, DRD3, SHBG, FN1, LDLR, ABO, FYN, TF, CNR2, BDNF, ALDH1A1, TPH2, ADH4, GGT1, GHSR, GABRA1, NPY2R, HTR1A, GATA4, IGF1, LHB, GABRG2, NPY5R, SLC6A3, GABBR1, GALR3, TAS2R16, CDK20, SIRT1, GPHN, TBX19, MPDZ, CCKAR, CHRNA3, FSHB, CHRNA5, TLR2, TACR3, TACR1, TAS2R38, PDYN, PDE4B, IL17A, MMP9, ERCC1, MCM5, HDAC2, PENK, ADH5, SPI1, OPRL1, RPL18A, DDX53, CLOCK, CYP3A4, AFP, CRP, NR3C1, ANXA4, NPC1L1, AGRP, PHGDH, SLC17A5, GINS2, LPAR3, ARNTL, AVP, CTRC, SPACA9, CCND1, BMP2, AKT3, SPG21, KCNJ6, CCHCR1, ANKK1, GPR166P, VN1R17P, MARCHF11, MIR200A, IFNL3, MRGPRX1, PCSK9, GPRC6A, HAMP, OXER1, GPR151, MRGPRX4, MRGPRX3, FTO, LGR6, ARTN, CACNA1C, XDH, SELENBP1, MYC, FAAH, FKBP5, PDE4A, OXTR, GABRB3, HCRTR1, NFE2L2, HPX, CCK, HTR1B, MMP1, MGMT, IL6, SMAD2, CYP4F3, IL10, PITX2, ENG, ACE, DAPK1, CD14, FZD4, LEP, UROD, TNF, CD81, TLR3, CNR1, TKT, TGFB1, TFRC, CRHR1, NCAN, SMS, CYP3A5, LOC110806262
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Mitochondrial Complex Iv Deficiency
Omim
In a study of 157 patients with respiratory chain defects, von Kleist-Retzow et al. (1998) found that the deficiency resided in complex I in 33%, in complex IV in 28%, and in complex I and IV in 28%. ... A high rate of parental consanguinity was observed in complex IV (20%) and complex I+IV (28%) deficiencies, and in North African families (76%), suggesting autosomal recessive inheritance. ... Population Genetics In the French Canadian population of the Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean region of Quebec Province, De Braekeleer (1991) estimated the prevalence at birth of cytochrome c oxidase deficiency to be 1 in 2,473, giving a carrier frequency of 1 in 28. Animal Model Agostino et al. (2003) created a constitutive knockout mouse for SURF1 (185620).COX10, SCO1, COX8A, COA8, COX20, COX14, COX6B1, COX2, COX1, PET100, FASTKD2, SCO2, TACO1, SURF1, COA3, TRNN, COX3, COX5A, MTCO2P12, COX15, COA5, PET117, TRNS1, NDUFA4, TRNL1, KLC1, HNRNPU, CPOX, COA6, LRPPRC, GFM2, MRRF, COX6A2, GAA, COA7, PINK1, MRPL44, COX7A1, COX4I1, COX4I2, CEP89, COX16, COX6A1, OTOA, COX18, COX19, ETHE1, PLCE1, SIRT1, OPA1, PTGS1, PTGS2, HADHA, SOD1, STXBP1, GBE1, UCN, CHKB, CCS, COX17, FARS2, EHHADH, SIRT4, SIRT3, SLC25A20
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Machado-Joseph Disease
Omim
Livingstone and Sequeiros (1984) noted that 28 families with Machado-Joseph disease had been described in the Azorean Islands, mainly Flores and Sao Miguel, and 3 non-Azorean families in northeast Portugal. ... The (CAG)n stretch of the affected allele varied between 67 and 78 trinucleotide units; the normal alleles carried between 12 and 28 simple repeats. These results demonstrated that the MJD mutation causes the disease phenotype of most SCA patients in Germany. ... Durr et al. (1996) screened 173 index patients with adult-onset cerebellar ataxia of whom 125 were classified as ADCA type I (cerebellar signs with supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, extrapyramidal signs, dementia, and amyotrophy); 9 of whom were ADCA type II (cerebellar ataxia with retinal degeneration in all family members); and 4 were ADCA type III (pure cerebellar signs after a disease duration of more than 10 years). The SCA3-MJD mutation represented 28% of all their ADCA type I families, whereas SCA1 only accounted for 13% in their population.ATXN3, SLC18A2, TH, ATXN2, LY6E, CACNA1A, ATXN1, ATXN7, HTT, BECN1, FXN, APOE, VCP, TP53, DNAJB1, AR, ATN1, NFE2L2, HSPB2, TBP, PNKP, TK2, HSPB3, SNCA, CUL1, TTR, TPO, ATXN8OS, SOD1, SLC6A3, HSPB1, IL1RN, BEAN1, GFAP, CA8, DNAJB1P1, CAST, FUS, GEMIN4, RPPH1, ATG16L2, PLA2G6, ACY3, UBB, TNFRSF13C, HSP90B2P, RMDN2, PDIK1L, ATG12, TNF, ZUP1, FBXO33, TMC3, MIR370, MIR494, PPP1R1B, SNAP29, MSC, UBQLN2, RMDN1, RMDN3, DNMT3L, FLVCR1, FBXW7, BBC3, HSPB8, PLEKHG4, ATXN10, HSPBP1, TARDBP, SYBU, GABARAP, TWNK, CFDP1, TSHZ1, OPTN, PICK1, AICDA, TDO2, SERPINA3, TAF4, DNMT3A, IGFALS, HSP90AA1, HSPA4, HMBS, HCRT, GSTM2, GABPA, ELAVL3, EIF4G2, EFNA3, TOR1A, DMPK, IRF1, CTRL, CST3, CREBBP, CREB1, CDK5, CA11, BAX, AVP, ATM, ARSB, ACP1, IL6, IVL, SPTBN2, PLA2G2A, SOD2, SLC22A2, SLC2A1, SKP1, ASIC1, RORA, RANGAP1, RAB1A, PTPN13, PSMD2, POU2F2, PLA2G1B, KPNA3, PDYN, PAH, NPY, NEFL, ND4, ND1, MSI1, MMP2, FOXO4, KITLG, LAMP2, MIR543
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Color Blindness
Wikipedia
An estimated 2–3% of women have two slightly different red colour cones [28] and can be considered tetrachromats . ... Should an affected male have children with a carrier or colorblind woman, their daughters may be colorblind by inheriting an affected X chromosome from each parent. [41] Because one X chromosome is inactivated at random in each cell during a woman's development, deuteranomalous heterozygotes (i.e. female carriers of deuteranomaly) may be tetrachromats , because they will have the normal long wave (red) receptors, the normal medium wave (green) receptors, the abnormal medium wave (deuteranomalous) receptors and the normal autosomal short wave (blue) receptors in their retinas. [28] [29] [30] The same applies to the carriers of protanomaly (who have two types of long wave receptors, normal medium wave receptors, and normal autosomal short wave receptors in their retinas). ... In many cases it is almost unnoticeable, but in a minority the tetrachromacy is very pronounced. [28] [29] [30] However, Jameson et al. [42] have shown that with appropriate and sufficiently sensitive equipment it can be demonstrated that any female carrier of red–green color blindness (i.e. heterozygous protanomaly, or heterozygous deuteranomaly) is a tetrachromat to a greater or lesser extent.CNGA3, PDE6H, GNAT2, CNGB3, ATF6, G6PD, F9, PTCH1, RET, TAS2R38, CCDC6, SART3, AIFM1, SND1, TPX2, PAG1, PCBP4, NAA50, AMN, DYRK3, OPN1SW, PMEL, OPN1LW, OPA1, OAS3, NFKB2, MYP1, INS, IK, EIF4E, CUX1, CREBBP, ASCC2
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Diabetes
Wikipedia
Effects can range from feelings of unease , sweating , trembling , and increased appetite in mild cases to more serious effects such as confusion , changes in behavior such as aggressiveness , seizures , unconsciousness , and (rarely) permanent brain damage or death in severe cases. [28] [29] Rapid breathing , sweating, and cold, pale skin are characteristic of low blood sugar but not definitive. [30] Mild to moderate cases are self-treated by eating or drinking something high in sugar. ... It occurs in about 2–10% of all pregnancies and may improve or disappear after delivery. [59] It is recommended that all pregnant women get tested starting around 24–28 weeks gestation. [60] It is most often diagnosed in the second or third trimester because of the increase in insulin-antagonist hormone levels that occurs at this time. [60] However, after pregnancy approximately 5–10% of women with gestational diabetes are found to have another form of diabetes, most commonly type 2. [59] Gestational diabetes is fully treatable, but requires careful medical supervision throughout the pregnancy. ... Of these two prediabetic states, the latter in particular is a major risk factor for progression to full-blown diabetes mellitus, as well as cardiovascular disease. [80] The American Diabetes Association (ADA) since 2003 uses a slightly different range for impaired fasting glucose of 5.6 to 6.9 mmol/L (100 to 125 mg/dL). [81] Glycated hemoglobin is better than fasting glucose for determining risks of cardiovascular disease and death from any cause. [82] Prevention [ edit ] See also: Prevention of type 2 diabetes There is no known preventive measure for type 1 diabetes. [2] Type 2 diabetes—which accounts for 85–90% of all cases worldwide—can often be prevented or delayed [83] by maintaining a normal body weight , engaging in physical activity, and eating a healthy diet. [2] Higher levels of physical activity (more than 90 minutes per day) reduce the risk of diabetes by 28%. [84] Dietary changes known to be effective in helping to prevent diabetes include maintaining a diet rich in whole grains and fiber , and choosing good fats, such as the polyunsaturated fats found in nuts, vegetable oils, and fish. [85] Limiting sugary beverages and eating less red meat and other sources of saturated fat can also help prevent diabetes. [85] Tobacco smoking is also associated with an increased risk of diabetes and its complications, so smoking cessation can be an important preventive measure as well. [86] The relationship between type 2 diabetes and the main modifiable risk factors (excess weight, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity and tobacco use) is similar in all regions of the world. ... Mortality rate of diabetes worldwide in 2012 per million inhabitants 28–91 92–114 115–141 142–163 164–184 185–209 210–247 248–309 310–404 405–1879 In 2017, 425 million people had diabetes worldwide, [122] up from an estimated 382 million people in 2013 [123] and from 108 million in 1980. [124] Accounting for the shifting age structure of the global population, the prevalence of diabetes is 8.8% among adults, nearly double the rate of 4.7% in 1980. [122] [124] Type 2 makes up about 90% of the cases. [38] [19] Some data indicate rates are roughly equal in women and men, [19] but male excess in diabetes has been found in many populations with higher type 2 incidence, possibly due to sex-related differences in insulin sensitivity, consequences of obesity and regional body fat deposition, and other contributing factors such as high blood pressure, tobacco smoking, and alcohol intake. [125] [126] The WHO estimates that diabetes resulted in 1.5 million deaths in 2012, making it the 8th leading cause of death. [15] [124] However another 2.2 million deaths worldwide were attributable to high blood glucose and the increased risks of cardiovascular disease and other associated complications (e.g. kidney failure), which often lead to premature death and are often listed as the underlying cause on death certificates rather than diabetes. [124] [127] For example, in 2017, the International Diabetes Federation (IDF) estimated that diabetes resulted in 4.0 million deaths worldwide, [122] using modeling to estimate the total number of deaths that could be directly or indirectly attributed to diabetes. [122] Diabetes occurs throughout the world but is more common (especially type 2) in more developed countries.INS, PPARG, CP, RAC1, APPL1, EIF2S3, FN1, ADIPOQ, SIRT1, SOD1, NR1I2, LEPR, IRS1, POMC, ATP6, PON1, CAT, PTGS2, AOC3, PAX6, IL2RA, CYBB, NR1I3, MAP3K5, MT2A, NCF1, MAFA, ALPK1, CPT1A, KIF1A, THBS2, NR0B2, ADRB1, GAD1, KIF5B, ZFP57, CLOCK, GLP1R, SERPINE1, PPARA, PTEN, ARNTL, ABCG2, ICA1, PROM1, LRP1, SLC22A12, KCNJ11, HNF4A, TCF7L2, UMOD, GLIS3, ABCC8, AQP4, AQP1, PTPN22, CDKN2A, STAT3, WFS1, HFE, IGF1R, CASR, APOE, F7, HNF1B, ASIP, GCKR, LMNA, IL6, PDX1, CFTR, LPA, INSR, IFIH1, PAX4, SLC19A2, HNF1A, FXN, HLA-DQB1, FTO, GCK, SRD5A2, HLA-DRB1, TP53, APOA5, HAMP, FOXP3, ATM, CDKN2B-AS1, COX2, CISD2, HLA-B, BRCA1, LIPC, BMP2, CAV1, GATA6, SPINK1, CUBN, PNPLA2, ARG1, CNBP, WRN, DNAJC3, GATA3, PRKAR1A, DNM1L, MLXIPL, GJA1, TRNL1, BLK, LIPE, TERT, PLIN1, IER3IP1, KRAS, ZFHX3, ITPR3, ELN, BSCL2, AIRE, SLC25A4, TLR1, SLC22A2, PDE4D, PRSS1, SLC30A3, DCAF17, NDUFS7, BRCA2, AGPAT2, C2, ND1, CPS1, HBB, ND5, SMAD4, PTF1A, MKKS, PRKAG2, HS6ST1, FOXC2, CYTB, FOS, SLC29A3, COX1, GNAS, FADS2, PIK3R1, MTNR1B, ND3, DKC1, CTLA4, TRNW, THSD7B, HPSE, PNPLA3, TRNV, HLA-DQA1, POLG2, ENPP1, NUBPL, HP, TXNIP, MAPK14, ACE2, TRNF, TRIM31, CYP2C19, RNASEH2B, HPN, SERPINF1, OR2B2, HLA-A, PALB2, PPARGC1A, CCDC28B, ND6, PARN, CCN2, SLC39A8, CTNNB1, TRNK, CDH23, TERC, HMOX1, EHMT1, HMGB1, TRNS1, ACE, CYP21A2, TREX1, USB1, ARMC5, DBP, CTC1, CAPN10, TRNQ, ELMO2, CST3, DAB2, NDUFAF5, DECR1, TRNS2, CARMIL1, SUGP1, RRM2B, NDUFA1, NDUFS6, MTOR, NEUROG3, PDE11A, TPRKB, NDUFS8, NDUFAF3, NDUFV2, FOXO1, ADIPOR1, NDUFAF1, NDP, NEUROD1, NFATC1, UCP1, FGF2, NFE2L2, UCP2, TIMMDC1, POLK, TTPA, TMEFF2, NGF, NHS, NOX4, KDSR, HIF1A, GLUL, TINF2, GIP, GJB3, NDUFB3, GH1, NDUFB9, ZBTB20, NDUFB10, NDUFS1, GLO1, GCGR, GCG, NDUFS2, NDUFS3, GATM, NDUFAF4, NDUFV1, NDUFA6, SAMHD1, CD274, GRHL1, GAD2, GABPA, NDUFS4, G6PD, FFAR1, RTEL1, PLA2G15, UCP3, MAML3, FOXRED1, ZCCHC8, CRP, NHP2, SIK3, KAZN, CELSR2, TRPV1, PALLD, TMEM126B, EDN1, OPA1, ACSS2, ANGPTL8, TNFRSF11B, CTRC, TWNK, RETN, DSPP, TGFB1, ATN1, SHROOM3, HGF, DPP4, SLC30A10, BEST1, NOP10, VEGFA, GPT, GPX1, FABP4, SEMA5B, NOS3, CCHCR1, NDUFB11, VDR, NPY, LEMD3, BCAS3, CDKAL1, TLR4, SARS2, ESR1, ROS1, TNF, WRAP53, RCBTB1, GSK3B, CHDH, ZFYVE26, EPO, GSTM1, OR12D3, PIK3CA, GPR101, APOA1, BBS1, GDF15, EIF2AK3, MIR146A, AVP, SLC5A2, ATP2B1, SLC5A1, SLC2A4, SLC2A2, SLC2A1, PTH, MIR21, ARSA, ST3GAL4, KL, SI, PTPN1, KCNQ1, APRT, APOC3, BBS2, BCHE, PRSS2, NSMCE2, PCSK9, PRKACA, WDR72, COPD, CAD, OR10A4, CAVIN1, MMP9, MAPK1, C9, MIR126, RAPGEF5, GOLGA6A, MMP2, MAPK8, NR3C2, ITPK1, LINC02694, BGLAP, BDNF, APOB, HMGA2, PRKAA2, SHBG, REN, ADRB3, RENBP, ZGLP1, HPN-AS1, PARP1, FADS1, CCL2, ALDH1A2, LPL, LRP6, ADAR, LIPC-AS1, ADA, LOC102723407, MC4R, PDE8B, ABO, ABCA1, IRS2, MBL2, AGER, LHX1, AGT, AKR1B1, MFAP1, PIP5K1B, USP8, AIP, BAZ1B, MOK, SELENBP1, MGAM, LCN2, CXCL12, AGTR1, ALDH2, ZPR1, LDLR, ALB, RBP4, LEP, AKT1, AHSG, LGALS3, PRKAB1, SLC34A1, IL1B, IL4, RNASEH2A, RBM45, SPP1, PLEKHH2, IAPP, LMNB2, IGFBP3, IL1A, COX3, PMM2, CPA1, ACCS, IL1RN, ND2, RNASEH2C, ARL6, POLD1, GJB4, FGF21, PIK3CB, PIK3CG, IDE, NLRP3, TRNC, UBE2Q2, PLCG1, IFNG, IGF1, PLG, NDUFA11, CETP, PIK3CD, NDUFAF2, MTHFR, XRCC4, UBXN11, ICAM1, POLG, FOXP2, SOD2, UBR1, CXCL8, IL17A, SLC30A8, PEX6, MPO, CASP3, PRKAA1, PEX1, PDILT, CERT1, HJV, IL10, IL18, CD34, CD36, HMGCR, ADAMTS13, CYP2E1, GHR, CYP3A4, EGFR, P2RY12, VWF, FGF23, TAC1, ALOX15, IFNA1, PDHX, SST, GPBAR1, P2RX7, IFNA13, HSPD1, DIANPH, TCF7, IGF2BP2, HSD11B1, SOST, SOCS3, RNF19A, ANGPT1, CALCA, KLF11, BCL2, SREBF1, UTS2, ADM, HPGDS, GSR, AHSA1, CRK, AIMP2, INSM2, GRAP2, SIRT3, ATP6AP2, MALAT1, HHEX, POLDIP2, TRBV20OR9-2, ACHE, AFP, DMPK, APP, FABP2, S100A8, APOL1, GAST, GFAP, S100B, REG1A, TNFSF10, MSTN, APLN, ADH1B, TRPM2, SELE, VCAM1, PLA2G7, G6PC2, CCK, FFAR4, PPARD, MME, TLR2, GSTT1, CD59, DDIT3, MIR155, TNFRSF1B, F3, IGFBP2, PYY, AR, PTPN6, PLAT, LAD1, SGK1, HSPA14, PTPRN, ADIPOR2, IGF2, EGR1, RFX6, KLK3, CXCR4, FGF19, FOXA2, MAPT, IDO1, CXCL10, MAP6, HBA1, KDR, OGA, NTN1, AKR1A1, HSPA5, HDAC3, KNG1, XBP1, PADI4, VEGFC, GNB3, IL2, LTA, SOCS1, SOAT1, CEL, PDK4, C20orf181, SCD, DMD, FBL, F2, NOS2, SERPINA5, MIR375, MIR223, PTK2B, NFKB1, ACR, SIRT6, PRKCB, NQO1, SPARC, ANPEP, RUNX2, PLXNA2, ANGPT2, G6PC, CCR2, IL22, AOC2, CYP19A1, APOA4, MIR34A, CTSD, PAEP, MIR29A, JAK2, CUX1, CYBA, DHX40, PINK1, B2M, PCK2, ATF4, MIR27A, PSIP1, PTX3, PTPRN2, MIR132, PCK1, BTF3P11, SPX, CCR5, ENTPD1, NAMPT, CD68, PPARGC1B, JAZF1, IGFBP1, PRKCA, SREBF2, IFNL3, BTBD8, SORCS1, INPPL1, TRMT10A, HSPA4, CNR1, MAPK7, TSPO, GSTK1, CNDP1, ISG20, SORBS1, CPOX, PECAM1, HSP90AA1, HSPB1, BMP7, MET, SLC17A5, CCL5, ANGPTL2, SORT1, BECN1, CLEC16A, ACACB, MTCO2P12, AGRP, NUCB2, ADRB2, OLR1, ERBB2, TNFSF11, TFPI, NR3C1, SMUG1, PERCC1, ACTB, ANGPTL3, S100A9, PDE5A, DPT, TFRC, HAVCR1, THBS1, TIMP1, APOM, S100A1, NRG1, SFRP5, P4HB, AMBP, SIGLEC7, MMRN1, HCAR2, RN7SL263P, ACP1, VPS51, NPHS2, KHSRP, MAPK3, ABCB6, SMAD3, MMP14, SMAD2, NAT2, TNFRSF9, SNCA, RIPK1, PEA15, CALR, MMP3, DGCR2, CASP8, ANXA1, LINC01672, LRP2, PPIG, LGALS1, SLC6A2, AHR, AKT2, HSPB3, MIR204, KMT2D, DCAF1, PTPN2, SELP, ARTN, MGP, POR, KLK1, AGTR2, SLC9A3, OGT, JAG1, BAX, GRK2, BRS3, SUMO4, DEGS1, LOX, MMP1, MICA, CARTPT, ERVK-18, S100A12, ABCG1, NOS1AP, FZD4, CEACAM5, PON2, HK2, SELENOS, DKK1, SIRT2, ATF6, EDNRA, HCLS1, HCRT, TH, TRIB3, DNMT1, HLA-C, TM7SF2, TREH, MNX1, WDHD1, REG3A, CD38, FN3K, HMGA1, HHIP, NOX5, CYP11B2, TKT, GSTP1, CYP2C9, ANGPTL4, GGT1, GFER, NOX1, SETD2, GAPDH, GAP43, NR5A2, FLNA, GOT2, FOXM1, UCHL1, NPPC, TXN, TTR, TRPC6, ADA2, ACSL1, TRAF6, NOTCH1, TNFRSF1A, ERN1, NPPB, CYP2J2, PRKN, RORC, GPR119, IL33, CLU, STK11, CHGA, FBXO32, IARS1, CECR, GIPR, TRIM63, RPAIN, CREBBP, SLCO6A1, CSF2, CCN1, HSPB2, STAT5B, CSF3, AGFG1, TRIM13, TCF3, IL2RB, PPP1R3B, PLA2G2A, PKD1, VIM, CCL4, PPIA, NPPA, MYD88, PLA2G1B, CCN3, MANF, RYR2, TNNI3, TYK2, SPG7, PLTP, PPP1R3C, ZFP36, PIN1, ST8SIA4, SMS, MT1A, PPID, PSMD9, MMP8, PDR, SLC6A3, PTHLH, ZEB1, PC, MIP, SLC6A4, TEK, PCSK1, PDCD1, PROX1, TFAM, PRL, TFE3, SLC22A1, MEN1, TIMP4, SELENOP, SYP, PGF, PGM1, RAF1, SELL, PLA2G6, RARRES2, CXCL5, SERPINA1, CCL21, SLC2A3, OGG1, TIMP3, TIMP2, DDAH2, PSAT1, ELANE, CASP1, ARID4B, UBASH3A, TLR9, CCKAR, TET2, ETV3, SLC52A1, SLC35G1, SLC47A1, IMPACT, EPHB2, CBLL2, EPHB1, MEG3, ENO2, ELK3, IL23A, CAPN1, ISYNA1, CFB, MIR15B, CABIN1, MIR15A, DDAH1, MIR145, CD2AP, MIR143, BGN, CANX, GNAO1, DESI1, SGSM3, FLT1, GAL, CA2, GP6, CD86, NRG4, ATP2A2, CISD1, CYP2D6, CYP2B6, CXADR, CX3CR1, CTSS, CTSB, HDAC11, ZC3H12A, CSN2, PRRT2, MUC16, SLC2A10, CMKLR1, CNTF, CPE, COL9A3, COPA, MUL1, CYP7A1, CHRM3, TRPM6, EDNRB, CD40, CD40LG, SLC2A9, DYRK1A, CD44, ACKR3, CIP2A, C1QTNF5, IL21, CDK4, TRPV4, DLD, CDKN1C, CHI3L1, DCN, CELA3B, COMT, CFH, KIR2DS2, MIR27B, FST, FOXO6, ITGAM, IDDM7, MIR29B1, GGTLC4P, IFNAR1, MIR29B2, GGT2, KIR2DL2, TUBB4B, KCNMA1, GGTLC3, AMPD1, IL6R, GGTLC5P, CXADRP1, MIR146B, PPIF, IL15, SH2B3, ELMO1, KEAP1, ITGB2, BMS1, SOX13, ADORA1, ADRA2B, INSRR, PGR-AS1, PER3, CDC123, HRC, MIR200B, TNDM1, MIR210, ARR3, KAT2B, ACACA, LNPEP, MIR217, HLA-DPB1, HSPA1A, HSPA1B, HLA-DQB2, ADCY5, C2CD4A, GGTLC1, GPR151, H3P10, MIR486-1, RPS6, BPIFA2, PWAR1, ABCC11, WNT3A, DNER, MIR483, RPS6KB1, C1QTNF3, CCL20, DBA2, TMX2-CTNND1, SALL1, SRL, UCN3, STAT1, SSTR5, LOC102724197, STAT5A, TMEM18, SSTR4, CCL11, SLC26A9, TRIM21, MRGPRX3, ST2, NOXO1, MRGPRX4, SOX2, MBOAT4, SLC18A2, SMPD1, MIR24-1, MIR22, GPIHBP1, PWAR4, STX4, ENHO, TBPL2, C2CD4B, C1QTNF12, LINC01194, SLC11A1, FRMD3, MIR203A, MIR122, MIR130A, MIR140, SLC6A8, MIR200C, MIR149, MIR19A, MIR199A2, MIR199A1, SLC5A3, MRGPRX1, MIR25, MIR503, MIR93, LYPD4, SP1, MIR499A, MIR184, PLB1, CREBRF, GPR166P, VN1R17P, MIAT, MIR17HG, SFTPD, SLC16A11, SHC1, MIR30D, TMPRSS6, OXER1, MIR302A, CRTC2, ZBTB7C, SNAP25, SNAI1, TPCN2, GPRC6A, IL27, TP63, CIDEC, STXBP1, SCGN, LILRB1, TCFL5, WNT1, NFAT5, CXCR6, KHDRBS1, CCT2, KCNQ1OT1, PRDX4, HYOU1, NSA2, RACK1, NOD1, SEMA3A, SLC22A7, BTN2A1, KLF2, BACE1, PAMR1, UBE2I, POC1A, TXN2, PRPF6, NUP62, UTRN, PDAP1, VDAC1, DAPK2, LPAR3, VGF, PES1, LPIN1, YY1, YWHAZ, STXBP3, F2RL3, TAM, S1PR2, GPR55, MSC, SLC33A1, LPAR2, WASF1, CD163, PLA2G10, SQSTM1, ARHGEF7, DENR, CES2, TNFRSF6B, KLF4, SLC7A5, RIDA, TNDM, TSHZ1, ZMYM2, AIR, CELA3A, ALMS1, NR1H4, HDAC4, GLP2R, BCAR1, NPEPPS, NR4A3, TBPL1, AIM2, COX5A, SH2B1, FETUB, FOXD3, IGAN1, EBF2, COP1, ABCG8, NOD2, IDDM17, SRR, BACH2, CORO7, LGR6, TFF3, UBL5, JPH3, TG, CAMK1D, SLC52A2, TCF21, INTU, TXNDC5, UBASH3B, SULT1A1, PPP1R15B, CCDC8, ANGPTL6, MFRP, SETD7, VTCN1, COL18A1, TACR1, TAPBP, TAT, TBP, LIN28A, TGM2, FAM20C, TRPV5, TWIST1, GHRL, UFM1, TSC2, TTN, DTL, TLR7, CYB5R4, ZNF395, DCTN4, SDF4, ASCC1, IL20, TBK1, IL17B, NR2C2, TPO, TPD52, ERRFI1, TREM2, KRT20, DLL4, TRPM7, ANO1, TMSB4X, TSPAN8, TSPAN7, TLR3, SOX6, STAP2, KDM3A, PAG1, SYN2, H3P40, HLA-DQA2, CELA1, NFKBIA, NGFR, NIDDM2, EIF5A, C3, NNMT, NOTCH3, EPOR, NPHS1, SLC11A2, NRF1, HDAC2, KLF9, BTC, NFKB2, PTTG1IP, NEFL, ECE1, CALCR, MYH9, CAPN2, MYC, MVD, DUSP1, CASP9, CASQ1, PRMT1, CAV3, MSX2, MST1, MSMB, BSG, OGN, HSF1, GYPB, PCNT, PCSK2, PCYT1A, F2R, GYPE, F2RL1, ATF3, ERBB3, GYPA, GUSB, GTF2H1, ARNT, F8, PGC, ATP2B2, EZH2, ATP5PF, PBX1, ATR, GZMB, PAWR, P2RY1, BCL2A1, EREG, HAS2, P2RX3, ERCC2, BMP4, BMP6, ERBB4, BMPR2, CD3E, CD14, SLC25A3, LAMP2, CTNND1, KRT16, COL1A1, CTSL, CYP1A1, LAMC2, CYP8B1, LIF, LBP, LCK, IL13, LETM1, CYP27B1, CXCR1, COL11A2, KRT5, COMP, KLF6, KISS1, IMPDH2, COX8A, CPB1, CSTA, KCNJ1, IRAK1, JUND, JUN, CSE1L, CRYZ, CRH, CRMP1, CD55, LIG4, CD19, DIO2, MDM2, CDK5, MECP2, DHPS, MEF2A, MEFV, MIF, LRP5, CD69, CD80, MS4A1, DPYD, HSPA9, DPYS, CDKN2B, DEFB1, IGFALS, MCL1, MC3R, DDT, IGFBP7, CEBPB, MB, MAS1, MAOA, MAFD2, CETN1, CTSC, CHAT, IL3, LYZ, PHB, ITPR1, FBN1, PMP22, FGFR4, GPER1, FASN, PON3, GPR35, FDPS, ADH1C, AMD1P2, ALAD, PVR, ADORA2A, AMH, RNASE3, RAD1, FAP, GCLC, PVT1, PROS1, GATA4, FKBP5, ADCYAP1, ALCAM, GLRX, FLG, FOXO3, ADD1, FLII, FMO3, GC, FKBP4, PSPN, ALOX12, ALOX5, GCH1, PROC, ALOX5AP, PSMA6, AMD1, PLAG1, ANXA2, GJA3, PTGS1, APOA2, ADRA2A, ADRA1A, GRN, F10, APLNR, PSPH, ADORA2B, FAS, ANXA6, GK, F11, CBLIF, FES, GPR42, FABP1, XIAP, GAS5, MFSD1, TFB1M, PROK2, GORASP1, PDIA2, WDR13, FGFR1, DAPK1, NIF3L1, ELOVL5, DIO3, THADA, GNPNAT1, SLC25A19, DLAT, AGXT2, DGKQ, FGF13, SCPEP1, DIH1, FBRS, DAPK3, DBH, TSPYL2, DES, DMRTA1, LHPP, TNMD, PCIF1, WNK1, DEFA3, DEFA1, DIAPH1, UBE2O, FGL1, STRA6, INSIG2, FHL1, ABCG5, DDOST, FHL2, PRDM16, DCX, RMDN1, METTL9, IKZF5, RTN4R, MOV10L1, UBE2Z, CSK, CERS2, CSH2, PDGFD, NRBP1, FLAD1, CDK5RAP3, SCUBE1, CTAA1, CYP4F12, SLC37A4, SH3KBP1, MOGAT2, ASRGL1, ERVW-1, CTBS, BICC1, COASY, CSH1, PADI1, CSF2RA, NME7, SEC61A1, MED25, CRY1, GPR132, MAP1LC3B, TSC22D4, CS, SLC38A1, KCNH6, NENF, CSF1, DSE, ZNF436, CSF1R, NT5C, PIK3R4, FUT2, CYP3A5, CYP4A11, F11R, CYP24A1, FOLR1, FOLH1, PAGR1, CYP27A1, FGF1, FSD1, MBOAT7, FLT4, DAB1, TMED7, TVP23B, ASPSCR1, AK3, NAA16, CTF1, CYP2D7, CTNS, NR5A1, FSHMD1A, VASH2, FOSB, SHCBP1, CTRB1, CTSG, MBL3P, CTSK, FOLR2, NLRX1, CYC1, ASAP1, CYP1A2, DLX3, CLEC1B, GER, SF3B6, ENG, MPC1, ZFR, ENO1, ENPEP, EP300, EMCN, HEMGN, FAT1, GIMAP5, FBXW7, RHOT1, ERCC1, RMDN3, MSTO1, RASD1, ELAVL2, SARDH, PLXNA3, EIF4E, ENAH, EIF4EBP1, SYBU, EIF4EBP2, FERMT1, ITLN1, GDE1, RNPC3, PIAS4, MIOX, TRIM33, NBAS, ATP6V1H, SERPINB1, MTPAP, FBLN1, MAP3K20, ERG, FABP3, FBLIM1, FEV, ARL15, H2BS1, EPB41L4B, TREM1, DDIT4, F5, ROBO4, SIAE, APBB1IP, SMOX, YIPF1, F9, CNNM2, FAM3B, SLCO1C1, CASZ1, ESD, MOCOS, MARCHF1, TUG1, ESRRA, ETS1, IL17D, DYM, NCAPG2, VPS13C, FABP5, HDL3, EXT2, IL20RA, FBN2, ELOVL3, EIF2S1, AKR1B10, SEMA6A, AHRR, AS3MT, DACT1, GJD2, DSC3, ADAMTSL3, PELI1, GOPC, RCAN1, KMT5AP1, DSG3, GPC4, PCBP4, DCDC2, CFAP97, FGB, NT5C3A, NEUROD4, DMRT1, DNAH8, ARHGAP22, OPRPN, GLRX5, PCTP, ZNF410, MZB1, DNASE1, DNM2, DNMT3A, MARK4, DOCK3, RNF213, COQ9, FCGRT, EGF, HBEGF, NSFL1C, EBF1, LANCL2, SIRT7, ZC4H2, EDA, S1PR1, GPRC5C, GSDMB, EEF2, ACOT13, USE1, EFNB2, EFEMP1, RAB14, MYDGF, PCDHGA4, ZNF253, SUCNR1, ADAMTS9, CHPT1, ENY2, NMUR2, SPHK2, DUSP4, DUSP9, E2F1, HSD17B7, FBP1, CLDND1, ASAH2, TOR1A, CYP26B1, RP9, LTB4R, SESN2, MIR200A, MIR214, MIR211, ARRB2, STS, MIR205, SERPINC1, ATIC, RERE, ATP12A, AREG, FXYD2, ATP2A1, MIR190A, MIR185, MIR182, MIR181C, ATP4A, MIR152, MIR216A, MIR221, RNASEK, MIR30A, MIR99A, MIR98, MIR96, ANG, MIR320A, MIR31, MIR30E, ANXA5, MIR29C, MIR222, APC, APCS, MIR296, APOH, AQP7, MIR23B, MIR23A, AQP9, MIR150, AVPR1A, MIR148A, GPR142, TMEM189, DST, LINC-PINT, KLF5, BUB1, TICAM2, SLCO4C1, ZACN, C1QBP, AVPR1B, SOX2-OT, CYCSP51, NANOS3, C4A, VWA2, TSPAN33, GADL1, ARMH1, TMEM189-UBE2V1, SERPINA13P, LINC01550, BNIP3L, AVPR2, BAAT, MIR142, BAD, MIR134, CCND1, HCN2, BCR, MIR107, MIRLET7G, GTF2H5, BID, SMIM10L2A, HES3, C1QL3, LIN28B, CCL4L1, AMY2A, CDNF, TMEM119, DNM3OS, ADAM10, TRPM2-AS, EMSLR, LINC01150, OPN1MW3, ADCY3, ARAP1-AS1, ADCY8, ERVK-20, ACVR2B, KLRC4-KLRK1, RBM14-RBM4, VIM-AS1, OCLN, ARAP1-AS2, PLIN2, MIR466, AAA1, MIR6835, ACP3, MIR330, LOC110806263, SERPINA3, H3P42, H3P28, H3P8, ABL2, LOC113664106, LINC02605, LOC111674464, ERVK-32, LOC102724334, ACADSB, ASIC1, CST12P, CERNA3, THRA1/BTR, ACP5, TP53COR1, CBSL, TMED7-TICAM2, C4B_2, H3C9P, MIR433, ALDH1A1, HCC, DELYQ11, ABCD2, NPS, MIR497, MIR409, HNP1, MIR449A, IBD20, MIR429, MIR424, MIR377, ALPI, ALPP, TRIM72, PLF, MIR338, ECSCR, SMIM10L2B, ALAS1, SFTPA1, KIF28P, SOD2-OT1, HOTAIR, TLE5, MIR675, PSS, AFM, AGA, OPN1MW2, POTEF, AIC, INS-IGF2, MIR618, MIR615, MIR579, H3P37, AIF1, BRINP3, C4B, CRISPLD2, AZIN2, CISH, MYSM1, CYGB, CKM, ERCC8, TXNRD3, CLCN7, TMEM54, SLC46A1, CHIT1, IL17F, CLK2, TP53INP1, CLPS, CCR1, ACKR2, GPSM2, SLC38A5, CHRNA4, C1QTNF7, OSCAR, THEM4, CD52, FOPNL, DEGS2, CYP2R1, MSS51, RLN3, CEBPA, DCD, TADA1, MARCHF3, ARAP1, LRG1, SNAP47, CENPA, ABHD15, RMI2, SLC5A11, GPR146, CMM, NAF1, MTG1, SLC41A2, KISS1R, ZGPAT, HOPX, SYVN1, CPT2, NLRC5, ASCC2, CR2, CREB1, CNP, TKTL2, MAGT1, ATF2, MIXL1, FSD1L, CREM, SETDB2, KCNK16, SPZ1, CLDN4, CPD, CPB2, CTBP1-DT, ARRDC4, CNR2, TIMD4, RFT1, COL6A3, PYGO2, BMF, KNSTRN, UCN2, GALP, KRT90P, CORT, PLXDC2, ORAI1, HAVCR2, ATP5MD, MSI2, CDKN3, C5AR1, FOLH1B, FNDC5, CAPN3, CAPS, CAST, CARS1, HOXA11-AS, PHACTR1, RANP1, LRRC55, CNIH2, NRK, PRSS55, CBLB, CBS, PAOX, ARID2, PTCRA, NLRP6, ANGPTL5, CALM3, TSACC, KSR2, MMAB, BPIFA4P, CA1, CACNA1A, RSPO1, ZNF763, CACNA1E, CHAMP1, HECTD4, TCERG1L, DDR1, NEAT1, SLC25A20, HS6ST3, CALB1, NEGR1, CALM1, CALM2, CCKBR, CD1D, SGMS2, UPRT, SERPINA12, PIWIL4, CACUL1, SIRPA, HT, ADGRE5, CDC42, CDH1, FUNDC1, CD5L, KLF14, TAAR1, WDR36, CDH5, CDH11, CDH13, CDK2, CDKN1B, CD47, SCARB1, WIPF2, CD33, CD8A, MARCHF10, SPRED1, LINC00599, AMOT, SLC2A12, PPM1K, KLB, UPP2, RMDN2, CD27, ERFE, CD28, SIK1, PDIK1L, ZNF569, CILP2, EEF2K, GAPDHS, NPC1L1, MTNR1A, WNT6, WNT5A, WNT2, MTTP, NSD2, MUC1, LAT2, MUSK, MMUT, VPREB1, MUTYH, VIP, EZR, VHL, MYF6, VEGFB, MYL2, PPP1R12A, NAB2, WNT7A, MTM1, MPI, XBP1P1, SCG2, FZD5, MPST, PAX8, TUBA1A, MPZ, PXDN, MRE11, ABCC1, MS, ZNF236, MSH3, SF1, MT1E, YES1, MT1JP, XRCC1, XPC, XK, VASP, KDM6A, NAGLU, USF1, NNAT, CRISP2, NM, TPM4, NME1, NOS1, NOTCH2, TNFAIP3, NRTN, YBX1, TLR5, NTS, NTSR1, NUMA1, OAS3, TLE3, TLE1, OAT, TJP1, NINJ1, TRPC3, NIDDM1, NCL, UPK2, UPP1, NUBP1, UGCG, NBN, NCAM1, NCK1, UCN, UBE2V1, TSC1, NDN, NFATC3, TNFSF4, NFATC4, NFIL3, TTC4, TST, TSHR, SLMAP, MPG, SLC16A4, LTBR, CCN5, NRP1, DPM1, TRIM24, SUCLA2, TNFRSF10B, TNFRSF11A, SIGLEC5, FADD, MXD1, SMAD1, TNFSF14, HRK, SMAD7, DGAT1, MAP2, VAMP4, DYNLL1, MBNL1, CCN4, LRPAP1, DDX39B, ASAP2, KRT18, SLC7A7, GPRC5A, KTN1, LAMP1, RPL14, CH25H, RPSA, TRPA1, LCN1, LCP1, EIF2S2, LDHB, FUBP1, SPHK1, LGALS2, LGALS3BP, LGALS4, LOXL2, NCOA1, ABCB11, MBP, MC2R, UBL4A, MGAT2, KITLG, AKAP1, HBHR, CXCL9, AAAS, MITF, MLH1, ECB2, MAP3K9, MAP3K10, STAM, MLN, FZD3, FOXO4, NTT, MMP10, MNAT1, TKTL1, AXIN1, BRAP, CST7, STC2, SMCP, MADD, ADAM11, DNAJB9, MAPKAPK5, LGR5, MDH2, ELP1, MFGE8, IRS4, MDM4, CUL1, MEHMO, EEA1, TAGLN2, MEOX2, LOH19CR1, ODC1, ODF1, ORM1, PSEN1, SLC5A5, PSMD7, PSMD10, SLC3A1, PTBP1, PTCH1, PTGDS, PTGIS, SLC1A3, SKP2, SIX1, PMEL, ST6GAL1, PTH1R, PTPRD, PTPRF, SGCA, SFTPC, SFTPB, PSEN2, PRSS8, TIE1, SLC7A2, POU4F1, SNRNP70, PPP1R3A, PTPA, PPY, PREP, PRKCD, SMO, SMARCA4, MAP2K3, MAP2K6, SLC20A2, SLC20A1, SLC19A1, SLC14A1, SLC12A3, SLC10A2, MASP1, SLC9A1, SRSF6, SRSF5, NECTIN1, SEMA3F, SATB1, RHEB, ACSM3, RHO, RIT2, S100A10, RNASE2, BRD2, RNY1, RYR3, RNY3, RXRG, RREB1, RPS19, ROBO1, RPS6KA1, ROCK1, RPL36A, RPL29, RHD, CLEC11A, SCN2A, CCL22, SELPLG, RAC2, RAG2, RAN, RAPSN, SDC4, RBP3, CXCL11, RCN2, SCN7A, OPN1LW, CCL16, REG1B, RELA, REST, RFC2, RGS1, SCN10A, POU2F2, POU2F1, SOD3, ADAM17, PAX2, TDO2, TDGF1P3, TRD, PCBD1, TCF19, PCDH8, PCMT1, PCNA, TCF4, TBXA2R, PDB1, TBX1, PDC, PDE7A, TAP2, TAP1, TALDO1, TAGLN, TERF1, PAPPA, PAM, TGFBR2, KLF10, THRB, THRA, THBS4, CLDN11, OXA1L, THBD, OXTR, TGFBR1, PRDX1, TGFBI, TGFB3, TGFB2, P2RX4, TGFA, P2RX5, PA2G4, FURIN, PDGFRA, PER1, SORD, SYT5, PLCB3, ITPRID2, PLEK, SRY, SERPINF2, PLK1, AKR1D1, PLN, SPRR2A, SPR, PLXNA1, SPINT1, PNOC, PODXL, SOX9, SOX4, POU1F1, SOS1, SORL1, PLAUR, PLAGL1, ST13, SERPINB6, SYT1, PF4, A2M, VAMP2, SUV39H1, PF4V1, ABCB1, STX1A, STIM1, ST14, ELOVL4, STC1, PIM1, PKLR, STAT4, PKM, STAT2, PKNOX1, MTA1, SLC16A3, ICOS, NFASC, UNC13A, H1-2, PDCD11, TPX2, HABP2, HARS1, MSRB2, HBG2, KLRK1, SACM1L, CARD8, INPP5F, NLRP1, ANKRD26, AAK1, VASH1, PUF60, MRAS, TUSC2, MYO16, KDM6B, NNT, PASK, GSN, GSTA4, BRD4, TRAM1, NPTXR, ABCB10, GTF2H4, TARDBP, SIRT4, ZNF629, CUX2, MCF2L, GYS1, PHLPP1, PLCB1, FBXO28, NBEAL2, TBC1D1, ATG4B, HCRTR1, ACOT7, PHB2, STK38, ESM1, SLC29A2, RAPGEF4, LIAS, KIF2C, SLC27A2, IMMT, METAP2, HNRNPK, EBNA1BP2, ERP29, PDIA5, BTG3, PRSS21, RALBP1, SUB1, PAPOLA, HOXA3, CPSF4, ONECUT1, NUP42, RPP14, AKAP13, RBPJL, PARK7, SLCO2B1, KLF12, UBE2K, DUSP12, PTGDR2, HLA-DMA, IRAK3, HNF4G, MAP4K5, SLC2A6, HLA-DMB, HMGCS2, SLC7A9, NR4A1, FAF1, PTPRT, CXCL1, RBFOX2, ARHGEF1, RPS6KA6, PDCD4, GPR162, HCAR1, GDF2, GLS2, NAAA, GDF10, CACYBP, TAF5L, FOXP1, SND1, LAT, GDNF, GEM, ATP2C1, GFPT1, GHRH, GHSR, GREM1, OPN1MW, GBE1, GRM5, MAT2B, TRPM5, GALNS, GALNT3, GAS1, DROSHA, CNIH4, STXBP6, GAS6, DBNL, FLVCR1, OSTM1, LAMTOR2, DEXI, REM1, TRBV7-8, DLL1, IGHD1-7, SLCO1B3, TOR2A, RPL10, GJA4, ANKRD2, GJA5, TPSG1, ARIH1, TAFA5, GCA, ZNF318, PANX1, TMEM245, RAB38, GPR39, FFAR2, GPX3, SH3BP1, GPX4, GRIA2, ELP5, GRIN1, GRIN2A, GRIN2B, GRM2, BACE2, MCHR1, PART1, GORASP2, FBXO8, FBXO25, PHGDH, GLA, LRIT1, GLI2, ACOT11, TKFC, SNED1, UTS2R, CHMP2B, TIPARP, KANK2, TPGS2, GLUD2, GNAT1, GP1BA, CXCR3, MMP24, MALT1, HOXC4, ING2, INSL3, RASSF2, INSM1, HDAC9, SART3, SEMA3E, IRF1, LPIN2, SOCS5, IKBKE, IRF7, ISL1, PRDX6, ITGAX, ITGB7, ITIH1, H6PD, CCL4L2, CIR1, PIEZO1, IP6K1, MRPS30, GIT2, PARP2, CHAF1A, INSL5, IL15RA, BCL2L11, HDAC6, CASP8AP2, FOXK2, CCS, ILF3, ILK, TNFSF15, IMPDH1, MVP, MFN2, RNF10, NUAK1, TBC1D4, ING1, EI24, BAG3, IVD, JAK1, LONP1, KCNJ9, SLIT2, KCNN4, B4GALT5, KIR2DL3, KIR3DL1, KLKB1, PIWIL1, STK17B, MFHAS1, NOG, PTTG1, HACD1, KRT8, ARHGEF2, PCSK7, HGS, PDCD5, KCNJ6, KCNJ5, KCNJ3, FHL5, GAL3ST1, ADAMTS1, ADAMTS4, MAPK8IP1, NAPSA, ROCK2, CHST3, PCYT1B, HOMER1, CIAO1, MAP4K4, JUNB, NCR1, KCNC2, CYP7B1, KCNE1, KCNH2, CD101, MAMLD1, GJC1, ABCC5, IDDM3, HSPG2, NDST1, HTC2, GNLY, HTR2A, CCT4, HTR2C, SLC35A1, TNC, IBD2, UBD, IBSP, ID1, DEAF1, CIB2, FBLN5, SEMA4D, CARM1, CAP1, SLCO1B1, SH2B2, IVNS1ABP, TRAF3IP2, USP19, HPX, HRH1, PGRMC1, WASF3, SEPTIN9, NEK6, DHS, GIPC1, HSP90AB1, MASP2, HES1, HSD3B1, HSD11B2, TNFSF13B, CELF1, HSPA2, POSTN, TIMM44, TOMM40, IL12B, VAV3, IL1R1, RABEPK, MRPS31, GDF11, DDX39A, NUTF2, IL4R, WASF2, IL6ST, MBNL2, IL7, IL7R, LRPPRC, RASGRP1, HIPK3, IL9, PTPRU, IL18BP, NR1H3, ABCC4, CDK2AP2, STUB1, IFNAR2, C1D, LYPLA1, RBM14, IDDM4, RAPGEF3, CPQ, PEMT, IDDM11, CORO2B, SIGMAR1, IGF2R, CITED2, MICU1, IGFBP5, TFG, LAMC3, TNIP1, LANCL1, A1BG
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Insulin Resistance
Wikipedia
The percentage of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) is inversely correlated with insulin resistance. [3] It is hypothesized that increasing cell membrane fluidity by increasing PUFA concentration might result in an enhanced number of insulin receptors, an increased affinity of insulin to its receptors, and reduced insulin resistance. [4] Vitamin D deficiency has also been associated with insulin resistance. [5] Sedentary lifestyle increases the likelihood of development of insulin resistance. [6] In epidemiological studies, higher levels of physical activity (more than 90 minutes per day) reduce the risk of diabetes by 28%. [7] Studies have consistently shown that there is a link between insulin resistance and circadian rhythm, with insulin sensitivity being higher in the morning and lower in the evening. ... However, in insulin resistance, this normal reduction in the liver's glucose production may not occur, further contributing to elevated blood glucose. [28] Insulin resistance in fat cells results in reduced uptake of circulating lipids and increased hydrolysis of stored triglycerides . ... Metformin is approved for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes and has become one of the more commonly prescribed medications for insulin resistance. [47] The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) showed that exercise and diet were nearly twice as effective as metformin at reducing the risk of progressing to type 2 diabetes. [48] However, the participants in the DPP trial regained about 40% of the weight that they had lost at the end of 2.8 years, resulting in a similar incidence of diabetes development in both the lifestyle intervention and the control arms of the trial. [49] In epidemiological studies, higher levels of physical activity (more than 90 minutes per day) reduce the risk of diabetes by 28%. [50] Resistant starch from high-amylose corn, amylomaize , has been shown to reduce insulin resistance in healthy individuals, in individuals with insulin resistance, and in individuals with type 2 diabetes. [51] Some types of polyunsaturated fatty acids ( omega-3 ) may moderate the progression of insulin resistance into type 2 diabetes, [52] [53] [54] however, omega-3 fatty acids appear to have limited ability to reverse insulin resistance, and they cease to be efficacious once type 2 diabetes is established. [55] History [ edit ] The concept that insulin resistance may be the underlying cause of diabetes mellitus type 2 was first advanced by Professor Wilhelm Falta and published in Vienna in 1931, [56] and confirmed as contributory by Sir Harold Percival Himsworth of the University College Hospital Medical Centre in London in 1936, [57] however, type 2 diabetes does not occur unless there is concurrent failure of compensatory insulin secretion. [58] Adaptive explanations [ edit ] Some scholars go as far as to claim that neither insulin resistance, nor obesity really are metabolic disorders per se , but simply adaptive responses to sustained caloric surplus, intended to protect bodily organs from lipotoxicity (unsafe levels of lipids in the bloodstream and tissues): "Obesity should therefore not be regarded as a pathology or disease, but rather as the normal, physiologic response to sustained caloric surplus...ADRB3, SERPINE1, ADIPOQ, LPL, FABP2, PPARG, PLG, MTTP, LMNA, LEP, TNF, APOB, INSR, AGT, IRS1, ACE, ENPP1, RETN, CD59, ADIPOR2, ADIPOR1, SHBG, LPAL2, ACSM3, PTEN, TPD52, PNPLA3, VWF, NR0B2, PPARGC1A, SLC27A4, SIRT1, TM6SF2, CHDH, ABCG5, ABCG8, PPARA, PDE3B, PKD1, PIK3CG, APOA2, APOA4, APOC4, BCHE, CD36, CETP, CP, CRP, GCG, GYS1, IGF2, IGFBP3, INS, KRT16, LIPA, TRIM37, NOS3, PCSK1, PIK3CA, PIK3CB, PIK3CD, LOC102723407
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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
Wikipedia
Men older than 60 in rural areas had very low rates of clinical BPH, while men living in cities and consuming more animal protein had a higher incidence. [28] [29] On the other hand, a study in Japanese-American men in Hawaii found a strong negative association with alcohol intake, but a weak positive association with beef intake. [30] In a large prospective cohort study in the US (the Health Professionals Follow-up Study), investigators reported modest associations between BPH (men with strong symptoms of BPH or surgically confirmed BPH) and total energy and protein, but not fat intake. [31] There is also epidemiological evidence linking BPH with metabolic syndrome (concurrent obesity , impaired glucose metabolism and diabetes , high triglyceride levels , high levels of low-density cholesterol, and hypertension ). [32] Degeneration [ edit ] Benign prostatic hyperplasia is an age-related disease. ... Chinese herbal medicine was found to be superior to Western medicine in improving quality of life and reducing prostate volume. [86] Epidemiology [ edit ] Disability-adjusted life year for benign prostatic hyperplasia per 100,000 inhabitants in 2004 [87] no data less than 20 20–28 28–36 36–44 44–52 52–60 60–68 68–76 76–84 84–92 92–100 more than 100 Globally, benign prostatic hyperplasia affects about 210 million males as of 2010 (6% of the population). [88] The prostate gets larger in most men as they get older. ... "Serum sex steroids, gonadotrophins and sex hormone-binding globulin in prostatic hyperplasia" . Annals of Saudi Medicine . 28 (3): 174–8. doi : 10.4103/0256-4947.51727 . ... JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association . 296 (19): 2319–28. doi : 10.1001/jama.296.19.2319 .KLK3, SRD5A2, FGF7, PRL, FGFR2, CYP19A1, TBX3, BCL2, NPEPPS, DLEU1, PTGS2, PROS1, PLAG1, UNC13A, CYP17A1, IL6, PSAT1, AR, BET1L, BCL11A, ODF3, ESR1, FGF2, IGF1, WDR11, CLPTM1L, GSTP1, ELOVL6, GATA5, GCLC, HNF1B, TGFB1, SYN3, PDE5A, VDR, STARD4-AS1, C5orf66, TP53, PCA3, PCNA, VEGFA, FOLH1, ARIH1, IGFBP3, ESR2, CXCL8, ERBB2, GSTM1, PTEN, ADRA1A, EGFR, TMPRSS2, ACE, HPGDS, CYP3A4, IL4, IGF2, COX2, TBC1D9, ABCB1, MMP9, CASP3, SRD5A1, IFNG, GHRH, NGF, MSMB, MTCO2P12, TRPV6, AKT1, RMC1, MIR21, DNMT1, GDF15, IL17A, CCN1, ADIPOQ, PSCA, GSTT1, IL2, GNRH1, PIK3CA, KDR, DKK3, THRB, STAT3, FLVCR1, FGFR1, CCL2, PPARG, CCL5, CD44, CD82, ELAC2, HSD17B7, MED15, EGF, IL18, MAPK7, IL10, PROM1, TGFB2, ACTB, CD34, MMP2, CIP2A, GPRC5A, PIK3CB, RARRES1, PIM1, NOS3, NOS2, MIR141, AMACR, HIF1A, MAPK14, CTNNB1, CYP1A1, PIK3CG, NCOA1, PIK3CD, IGFBP5, GLI2, NR1I2, IGFBP7, ZNF410, TRPV1, GPER1, KIDINS220, SOX11, GRP, HPN, KLF4, IL17RB, SPP1, TWIST1, IGF1R, GSR, LEP, SOX2, TGM4, MYC, ODC1, CBX4, RARB, RASSF1, PGF, PLK1, MST1, PON1, CXCR6, PRG2, MAPK1, TGFB3, POSTN, RNASEL, MSR1, LONP1, TIMP2, SHBG, TLR4, TGFA, ITGA4, TIMP3, KIT, KRAS, MMP14, LPL, AKAP12, S100A9, MLH1, MAGI2, FGF17, NTSR1, PCAP, GGCT, LMLN, NQO1, TSPO, MIR375, PWAR1, SLCO6A1, CXCR5, EDNRB, AZIN2, PPP1R14A, CCR2, ERG, ETS1, EZH2, F2R, HOTAIR, SPATA19, CYP11A1, CYP3A5, GSTK1, MIR145, CCR7, COMT, CGA, KLF6, CDKN2A, GADL1, ALKBH3, CDH1, CD81, CRP, CCNB1, VCAN, CSTA, APOB, CHRM3, ADCYAP1, ADRA1D, GATA6, ADCYAP1R1, SLC52A2, TMPRSS13, ALDH1A1, H4C6, KAT5, IFI44, MIR223, MIR25, H4C4, MIR221, CXCL13, TXNRD2, AHSA1, VAT1, PCAT1, FST, YAP1, TXNIP, MIR301A, STAG1, SPRY2, H4C11, H4C3, TSPAN1, RCE1, DLEC1, MFN2, RABGAP1L, H4C12, MIR205, MIR206, MIR15A, MIR143, FGF23, LILRA3, KLK11, IMMT, MIA, TAM, PRDX3, H3P10, HPSE, HBS1L, CTCF, MIR320A, MIR184, KHDRBS1, LINC02605, MIR187, H4C9, MIR191, AXIN1, MIR20A, H4C1, LOC110366354, NPRL2, SETDB1, KLK4, MIR34B, MIR615, SLC33A1, LPAR2, POTEF, SOCS3, SQSTM1, SPOP, GGT2, NCK1-DT, GGTLC4P, RECK, SCHLAP1, PGR-AS1, CDKN2B-AS1, PIK3R3, RIPK1, ARLNC1, EIF3H, DYNLL1, MIR708, FCGR1CP, PSMG1, MIR2909, LINC01672, CBR3-AS1, RNASEK-C17orf49, GGTLC3, DCLK1, AP3B1, GGTLC5P, H4C8, MIR34C, H4C2, CXCL14, MIR17HG, MIR373, TBPL1, H4C5, ADAMTS1, PAGE4, MAP4K4, H4C15, AIM2, GRAP2, H4C13, COX5A, MIR139, POU5F1P3, ITGBL1, PCSEAT, SLIT2, H4C14, RASSF10, POU5F1P4, AURKB, MIR193B, ENDOD1, MIR130B, ISYNA1, HAVCR2, IMP3, RMDN3, CEP55, ANO1, SLC25A21, TGIF2LX, GADD45GIP1, MTDH, TUG1, LEMD1, CGB5, CGB8, TRPM7, MARCHF5, UGT1A1, UGT1A4, UGT1A6, UGT1A7, UGT1A8, UGT1A10, TXNRD3, GNRHR2, KRT20, TLR9, PTOV1, UHRF2, ARL11, GDE1, KLK15, ACCS, ACSS2, ACE2, ATG9A, IL25, SMURF2, GOLPH3, WDR77, PCGEM1, PANK2, FUZ, CD276, ZFP91, OR51E2, AFAP1, LGR6, IL21, TDRD1, CXCL16, ARHGAP24, CCDC8, MIB1, QRFPR, NDRG2, NDRG3, CD177, AKR1B10, ACKR3, PRAC1, PMEPA1, SLC2A9, TMEM45B, H4-16, MIR126, ZBTB7A, ANKS4B, STEAP2, KLK5, BAMBI, H19, IL17RA, PLA2G15, NUP62, SSBP2, EPHA6, HAAO, HEY2, HEY1, NANOS2, ANGPTL2, SAP30L-AS1, SULF1, MIRLET7B, SEPTIN6, KDM4C, SWAP70, CYP3A43, MIRLET7C, DKK1, ELL2, SLC2A6, MIR106A, CDC37, PIM2, CTAG1A, RNF19A, GLCE, IL21R, FGD4, C17orf49, MZB1, OR51E1, DCTN4, ANGPTL4, ADIPOR1, PRLH, FOXP3, IRX4, PAQR3, KLB, IL22, SMARCAL1, POLDIP2, NRBP1, CREBRF, CD274, PYCARD, RANBP3L, GIT1, HTRA2, PDCD4, IL17B, VWCE, STEAP1, SNORD48, RFX6, A2M, SEMA3F, AIMP2, FLI1, FGF10, FGFR3, FGFR4, FGL1, FOXF1, FOXF2, FOXM1, FLT1, GATA3, FLT4, FN1, MTOR, FTH1, FTL, FYN, GABPA, FGF9, FCGR1B, FCGR1A, PTK2B, DUSP1, DUSP2, DUT, E2F1, LPAR1, EDN1, EDNRA, EFNA2, EGR1, ELN, MARK2, ENO2, EPHB2, EPOR, F2RL1, GALNT3, GDNF, ZNF165, HSPA1A, HOXD3, HP, HPS1, HES1, HSD17B1, HSD17B3, HSD17B2, HSPA1B, GGT1, HTC2, ID1, CFI, IFNA1, IFNA13, IGFBP2, IL1RN, HOXC6, HOXA7, HMMR, HMGA1, GH1, GLI1, GNRHR, SFN, GPC1, GPR42, GSTM3, GTF2H1, GTF2H2, GUCA2B, HDAC1, HHEX, HIC1, HLA-A, HLA-G, DRD2, DRD1, DPP4, ALDH7A1, ARG1, RHOA, STS, ATF3, ATM, RERE, ATP12A, BAX, CFD, CCND1, BMP2, BMP5, BMP6, BPI, BRCA1, BRS3, ARF6, APC, ANXA7, ANXA2, ABCA1, ABL2, ACR, ACP3, ADM, ADRA1B, ADRA2B, AGTR1, AHR, AKT2, ALOX12, ALOX5, ALOX15, ALOX15B, ANGPT2, CA9, CALCA, CANX, CNR1, COX8A, CLDN3, CPOX, CRAT, CRK, CRYZ, CSF2, CST3, CTAG1B, CTNND2, CTSB, CYP1B1, CYP2B6, DAPK1, DAXX, MAP3K8, CCR5, CASP9, CMA1, CAT, CAV1, CAV2, CAV3, CD28, CD63, CDC6, CDK4, CDKN1B, CDO1, CDX2, CGB3, CHRM2, CISH, CLU, IL6R, IL7, CXCR1, SFRP4, S100A11, SATB1, CCL3, CCL19, NAT2, SFRP1, SFRP2, SGK1, KLK7, SIM2, SLC7A1, SLC18A1, SLC22A3, SNAI1, SOD1, SOX9, S100A8, S100A6, S100A2, RPS10, PTK7, PTN, PXN, PYCR1, RARRES2, REN, RENBP, RNF2, RNY1, RNY3, RNY4, RNY5, ROCK1, RORA, RPL10, SPINK1, SPINT1, SRC, TNF, TP73, TPM1, TRAF6, TRPS1, TXN, UGT2B15, UGT2B17, USF2, VCL, VEGFB, VIM, VIPR1, WIPF1, YY1, ZFX, TOP2A, TLN1, SRF, TIMP1, SRY, SST, SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR4, STAT5A, STC1, SULT1E1, TMBIM6, TERF2, TFF1, TFF3, TFRC, THBS1, THBS2, PTHLH, PPARD, IL10RA, MAS1, LPA, LTBR, LYZ, TM4SF1, SMAD2, SMAD4, SMAD9, MAZ, PPARA, MCAM, MEIS2, MAP3K3, MAP3K5, MET, KITLG, MGMT, LOX, LDHA, LASP1, LAMP2, IL10RB, IL13, IL15, ILK, IDO1, INHA, INSL3, INSR, ITGA6, JAK2, JUN, KCNK2, KCNMA1, KLK2, KRT15, MKI67, MMP3, MMP7, PAK1, PAX2, PAX5, ENPP1, ENPP2, SERPINF1, PGC, PGR, SERPINB5, PLAU, PLCL1, PLD1, FXYD3, PLXNA1, PMS1, POU5F1, PAM, P2RX1, MPO, OXTR, MRC1, MRE11, MSH2, MTHFR, MXI1, HNRNPM, NAIP, NELL2, NFE2L2, NFIB, NFKB1, NGFR, NME1, CCN3, OSM, H3P33
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Abortion In California
Wikipedia
Casey ruling. [28] On May 20, 2019, the California State Senate passed Senate Bill 24, the College Student Right to Access Act, that required public state universities to offer students Mifepristone , the abortion pill, to female students at zero cost; funding for the program would be paid for through insurance and private grants with $200,000 to each University of California and California State University health clinic for training and equipment. ... George Tiller in 1993 at his Wichita , Kansas clinic. [74] An incident of anti-abortion violence occurred at an abortion clinic in San Francisco, California on February 28, 1995. [74] Another occurred at an abortion clinic in Modesto, California on March 19, 2003. [74] Footnotes [ edit ] ^ According to the Supreme Court's decision in Roe v. ... Los Angeles Times . 10 July 1984. p. SD2. ^ Hernandez, Marita (28 September 1984). "County Will Take Fetus Issue to U.S. ... "Therapeutic abortions in California" . California Medicine . 115 (1): 28–33. PMC 1517904 . PMID 5566342 . ^ Jones RK, Kooistra K (March 2011). ... Retrieved 2019-05-25 . ^ Low, Matt Donnelly,Gene Maddaus,Elaine; Donnelly, Matt; Maddaus, Gene; Low, Elaine (2019-05-28). "Netflix the Only Hollywood Studio to Speak Out in Attack Against Abortion Rights (EXCLUSIVE)" .
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Non-24-Hour Sleep–wake Disorder
Wikipedia
Everyday exposure to the morning light resets the circadian rhythm to 24 hours, so that there is no drifting. [26] However, people with non-24 have a circadian rhythm significantly longer (or rarely shorter) than 24 hours, up to 26 hours. [3] This makes it difficult to reset to 24 hours daily, just like it is difficult for people with a rhythm close to 24 hours to try to reset to 25 hours daily. [27] [28] The majority of people with non-24 are totally blind, and the failure of entrainment is explained by an absence of light (photic) input to reset the circadian clock. ... The first detailed study of non-24 in a blind subject was by Miles Le and his colleagues in 1977. The researchers reported on a 28-year-old male who had a 24.9-hour rhythm in sleep, plasma cortisol, and other parameters. ... Very preliminary research on light sensitivity suggest that not only insensitivity but also circadian hypersensitivity to light might be at play for patients with a delayed sleep phase disorder. [68] [69] Society [ edit ] NASA explored the potential impact on circadian rhythm and possible development of a sleep–wake disorder by human astronauts who would go on a mission to Mars , by assessing mission personnel who worked remotely on the Phoenix Mars Lander project and were asked to follow a Mars day of 24.65 hours for 78 days. [27] [28] See also [ edit ] Circadian rhythm sleep disorder , the parent spectrum of sleep disorders including non-24-hour sleep-wake disorder. ... "Clinical analyses of sighted patients with non-24-hour sleep–wake syndrome: a study of 57 consecutively diagnosed cases" . Sleep . 28 (8): 945–952. doi : 10.1093/sleep/28.8.945 .
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Parasomnia
Wikipedia
., morning confusion or memory impairment, [22] mainly in patients with neurodegenerative disorders with dementia. [26] Demographically, 90% of RBD patients are males, and most are older than 50 years of age. [10] However, this prevalence in males could be biased due to the fact that women tends to have a less violent type of RBD, which leads to lower reports at sleep centres and different clinical characteristics. [27] [28] While men might have more aggressive behaviour during dreaming, women have presented more disturbance in their sleep. [27] [28] RBD may be also influenced by a genetic compound, since primary relatives seem to have significantly more chance to develop RBD compared with non-relatives control group. [25] [29] Typical clinical features of REM sleep behavior disorder are: Male gender predilection Mean age of onset 50–65 years (range 20–80 years) Vocalisation, screaming, swearing that may be associated with dreams Motor activity, simple or complex, that may result in injury to patient or bed-partner Occurrence usually in latter half of sleep period (REM sleep) May be associated with neurodegenerative disease [30] Acute RBD occurs mostly as a result of a side-effect in prescribed medication —usually antidepressants . ... The diagnosis is based on clinical history, including partner's account and needs to be confirmed by polysomnography (PSG), mainly for its accuracy in differentiating RBD from other sleep disorders, since there is a loss of REM atonia with excessive muscle tone. [22] However, screening questionnaires, such as RBDSQ , are also very useful for diagnosing RBD. [25] [27] [28] Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis [ edit ] Recurrent isolated sleep paralysis is an inability to perform voluntary movements at sleep onset, or upon waking from sleep. [22] Although the affected individual is conscious and recall is present, the person is not able to speak or move.
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Problematic Smartphone Use
Wikipedia
Effects [ edit ] A mobile phone cage used for keeping the students' phones away from them to stop their uses of mobile phones during the class as the school's act on mobile phone use in schools Overuse of mobile phones may be associated with negative outcomes on mental and physical health, in addition to having an impact on how users interact socially. [28] [29] Social [ edit ] Some people are replacing face-to-face conversations with cyber ones. ... This study found a relationship between report of mental health and perceived stress of participants' accessibility, which is defined as the possibility to be disturbed at any moment of day or night. [28] Critics of smartphones have especially raised concerns about effects on youth. [36] The presence of smartphones in everyday life may affect social interactions amongst teenagers. ... It usually starts with social disorders, which can lead to depression and stress and ultimately affect lifestyle habits such as sleeping right and eating right. [28] According to research done by Jean M. ... IGI Global ^ a b "Smartphone overuse may 'damage' eyes, say opticians - BBC Newsbeat" . BBC Newsbeat . 28 March 2014 . Retrieved 12 June 2018 . ^ Bianchi, Adriana; Phillips, James G. (2005).
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Necrophilia
Wikipedia
"When one died the other one just went for it and didn't get any negative feedback – well, didn't get any feedback," according to Moeliker. [28] [29] Necrophilia had previously only been reported in heterosexual mallard pairs. [28] In a short paper known as "Sexual Habits of the Adélie Penguin", deemed too shocking for contemporary publication, George Murray Levick described "little hooligan bands" of penguins mating with dead females in the Cape Adare rookery , the largest group of Adélie penguins , in 1911 and 1912. [30] [31] This is nowadays ascribed to lack of experience of young penguins; a dead female, with eyes half-closed, closely resembles a compliant female. [32] A gentoo penguin was observed attempting to have intercourse with a dead penguin in 1921. [33] A male New Zealand sea lion was once observed attempting to copulate with a dead female New Zealand fur seal in the wild. ... Multiple states have their own laws: [74] [75] State Severity Statute Alabama Felony (Class C) § 13A-11-13 Alaska Misdemeanor (Class A) § 11-61-130 Arizona Felony (Class 4) § 32-1364 Arkansas Felony (Class D) § 5-60-101 California Felony Health and Safety Code § 7052 Colorado Misdemeanor (Class 2) § 18-13-101 Connecticut Misdemeanor (Class A) or Felony (Class D) if victim under 16 § 53a-73a Delaware Misdemeanor (Class A) § 11-5-1332 Florida Felony (second degree) § 872.06 Georgia Felony § 16-6-7 Hawaii Misdemeanor § 711–1108 Idaho Misdemeanor § 18-7027 Illinois Felony (Class 2) § 720 ILCS 5/12-20.6 Indiana Felony (Level 6) § 35-45-11-2 Iowa Felony (Class D) § 709.18 Kansas Misdemeanor § 21-6205 Kentucky Felony (Class D) § 525.120 Louisiana Misdemeanor § LA Rev Stat 14:101 Maine Felony (Class D) § 17.508 Maryland Misdemeanor § 10-401 Massachusetts N/A N/A Michigan Misdemeanor § 750.160 Minnesota Misdemeanor § 609.294 Mississippi Felony § 97-29-25 Missouri Felony (Class D) § 194.425 Montana Felony § 45-5-627 Nebraska Felony (Class 4) § 28-1301 Nevada Felony (Class A) NRS § 201.450 New Hampshire Misdemeanor § 644:7 New Jersey Felony (Class 3) § 2C:22-1 New Mexico N/A N/A New York Misdemeanor (Class A) § 130.20 North Carolina N/A N/A North Dakota Misdemeanor (Class A) § 12.1-20-12 and § 12.1-20-02 Ohio Felony (fifth degree) § 2927.01 Oklahoma Felony § 21-1161 Oregon Felony ORS § 166.085 Pennsylvania Misdemeanor (second degree) 18 Pa. ... Disorderly Conduct And Related Offenses" . Archived from the original on 28 April 2014. ^ Although the wording is somewhat ambiguous, the Supreme Court of Wisconsin determined this statute applied to "sexual contact or sexual intercourse with a victim already dead at the time of the sexual activity when the accused did not cause the death of the victim" in State v.
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Abortion In Ohio
Wikipedia
The bill was returned to the House and passed by the House the same day. [26] [27] The bill as passed would make abortion after the detection of a fetal heartbeat a fifth-degree felony except in cases where a physician judges the abortion necessary "to prevent the death of the pregnant woman or to prevent a serious risk of the substantial and irreversible impairment of a major bodily function of the pregnant woman." [28] [27] On December 13, 2016, Kasich vetoed the bill. [29] [27] Attempts to pass a fetal heartbeat law continued in 2016, with Ohio being was one of eight states nationwide that tried and failed to pass such legislation. [14] In early 2018, the House considered a bill passed by the Senate to ban abortion after 13 weeks and require that fetal remains be cremated or buried. [30] In 2018, the state was one of eleven where the legislature introduced a bill that failed to pass that would have banned abortion in almost all cases. [14] Nationally, 2019 was one of the most active years for state legislatures in terms of trying to pass abortion rights restrictions. ... That year, 56% of women in the state aged 15 – 44 lived in a county without an abortion clinic. [27] In March 2016, there were 28 Planned Parenthood clinics in the state. [50] In 2017, there were 27 Planned Parenthood clinics serving a population of 2,585,171 women aged 15 – 49. 3 of the Planned Parenthood clinics offered abortion services. [51] Statistics [ edit ] In the period between 1972 and 1974, the state had an illegal abortion mortality rate per million women aged 15 – 44 of between 0.1 and 0.9. [52] In 1990, 1,314,000 women in the state faced the risk of an unintended pregnancy. [48] In 2010, the state had 9 publicly funded abortions, of which were 9 federally funded and 0 were state funded. [53] In 2014, 48% of adults said in a poll by the Pew Research Center that abortion should be legal in all or most cases. [54] Number of reported abortions, abortion rate and percentage change in rate by geographic region and state in 1992, 1995 and 1996 [55] Census division and state Number Rate % change 1992–1996 1992 1995 1996 1992 1995 1996 East North Central 204,810 185,800 190,050 20.7 18.9 19.3 –7 Illinois 68,420 68,160 69,390 25.4 25.6 26.1 3 Indiana 15,840 14,030 14,850 12 10.6 11.2 –7 Michigan 55,580 49,370 48,780 25.2 22.6 22.3 –11 Ohio 49,520 40,940 42,870 19.5 16.2 17 –13 Wisconsin 15,450 13,300 14,160 13.6 11.6 12.3 –9 Number, rate, and ratio of reported abortions, by reporting area of residence and occurrence and by percentage of abortions obtained by out-of-state residents, US CDC estimates Location Residence Occurrence % obtained by out-of-state residents Year Ref No. ... Archived from the original on July 19, 2013 . Retrieved July 28, 2013 . ^ "Laws, Acts, and Legislation" . state.oh.us .
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Opioid Overdose
Wikipedia
In phase 1 metabolism, the CYP family has several polymorphisms , which can account for the difference in therapeutic responses within each individual. [28] This diversification leads to opioids being modified at varying rates, which can cause the drug to remain in the bloodstream for either a longer or shorter period of time. [28] Therefore these polymorphisms control opioid tolerance and facilitate overdose . ... "Historical Review: Opiate Addiction and Opioid Receptors" . Cell Transplantation . 28 (3): 233–238. doi : 10.1177/0963689718811060 .
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Infectious Mononucleosis
Wikipedia
When found, symptoms tend to be similar to those of common throat infections (mild pharyngitis , with or without tonsillitis ). [13] Adolescents and young adults [ edit ] In adolescence and young adulthood, the disease presents with a characteristic triad: [14] Fever – usually lasting 14 days; [15] often mild [13] Sore throat – usually severe for 3–5 days, before resolving in the next 7–10 days. [16] Swollen glands – mobile; usually located around the back of the neck (posterior cervical lymph nodes ) and sometimes throughout the body. [8] [13] [17] Another major symptom is feeling tired . [2] Headaches are common, and abdominal pains with nausea or vomiting sometimes also occur. [14] Symptoms most often disappear after about 2–4 weeks. [2] [18] However, fatigue and a general feeling of being unwell ( malaise ) may sometimes last for months. [13] Fatigue lasts more than one month in an estimated 28% of cases. [19] Mild fever, swollen neck glands and body aches may also persist beyond 4 weeks. [13] [20] [21] Most people are able to resume their usual activities within 2–3 months. [20] The most prominent sign of the disease is often the pharyngitis , which is frequently accompanied by enlarged tonsils with pus —an exudate similar to that seen in cases of strep throat . [13] In about 50% of cases, small reddish-purple spots called petechiae can be seen on the roof of the mouth . [21] Palatal enanthem can also occur, but is relatively uncommon. [13] A small minority of people spontaneously present a rash , usually on the arms or trunk, which can be macular ( morbilliform ) or papular . [13] Almost all people given amoxicillin or ampicillin eventually develop a generalized, itchy maculopapular rash, which however does not imply that the person will have adverse reactions to penicillins again in the future. [13] [18] Occasional cases of erythema nodosum and erythema multiforme have been reported. [13] Seizures may also occasionally occur. [22] Complications [ edit ] Spleen enlargement is common in the second and third weeks, although this may not be apparent on physical examination . ... It can only be contracted through direct contact with an infected person's saliva , such as through kissing or sharing toothbrushes. [28] About 95% of the population has been exposed to this virus by the age of 40, but only 15–20% of teenagers and about 40% of exposed adults actually become infected. [29] Cytomegalovirus [ edit ] A minority of cases of infectious mononucleosis is caused by human cytomegalovirus (CMV), another type of herpes virus . ... Archived from the original on 2010-01-28 . Retrieved 2010-02-08 . ^ a b Ghosh, Amit K.; Habermann, Thomas (2007).PDLIM7, SH2D1A, HLA-DRB1, RBM45, IL10, HLA-A, APCS, BCL2, TRBV20OR9-2, IL1A, RTEL1, PLAU, PSMB9, RAG1, RAG2, CCL22, TNF, SERPINE2, AHSG, BSND, APOBEC3B, KLRG1, ARL2BP, ERVW-1, FOXP3, CD244, KRT20, ERVK-6, HAVCR2, IFNL3, MIR449A, NCAM1, KIR3DL1, KLRD1, GEM, KLK3, CD19, MS4A1, CD28, TNFRSF8, CD79A, CDK2, CR2, CRP, GDNF, GLUD1, KIR3DS1, GLUD2, GPT, HLA-B, IFNG, IL1B, IL2RA, IL6, IL16, ISG20, ITGA2B, ERVK-20
