Overview Radiation enteritis is inflammation of the intestines that occurs after radiation therapy. Radiation enteritis causes diarrhea, nausea, vomiting and stomach cramps in people receiving radiation aimed at the abdomen, pelvis or rectum. It's most common in people receiving radiation therapy for cancer in the abdomen and pelvic areas. For most people, radiation enteritis is temporary, with inflammation usually subsiding several weeks after treatment ends. But for some, radiation enteritis may continue long after radiation therapy ends or may develop months or years after treatment.

Kaye and Arnold (1977) observed almost simultaneous onset of symptoms of osteoid osteoma in 2 brothers, aged 17 and 12 years. A viral or other etiology was suggested. Skel - Osteoid osteoma Inheritance - Autosomal recessive vs. viral or other etiology ▲ Close

Brown-Sequard syndrome is a rare neurological condition that results from an injury or damage to one side of the spinal cord . This condition results in weakness or paralysis on one side of the body (hemiparaplegia) and a loss of sensation on the opposite side (hemianesthesia). Brown-Sequard syndrome most commonly occurs in the the thoracic spine (upper and middle back). There are several causes of Brown-Sequard syndrome, including: a spinal cord tumor, trauma (such as a puncture wound to the neck or back), infectious or inflammatory diseases ( tuberculosis or multiple sclerosis ), and disk herniation . Treatment for this condition varies depending on the underlying cause.

Overview A bunion is a bony bump that forms on the joint at the base of your big toe. It occurs when some of the bones in the front part of your foot move out of place. This causes the tip of your big toe to get pulled toward the smaller toes and forces the joint at the base of your big toe to stick out. The skin over the bunion might be red and sore. Wearing tight, narrow shoes might cause bunions or make them worse. Bunions can also develop as a result of the shape of your foot, a foot deformity or a medical condition, such as arthritis.

A bunion, known technically as hallux valgus, is a bony bump on the side of the foot at the base of the big toe. Bunions develop slowly as pressure on the joint at the base of the big toe causes the toe to move out of place, leaning inward toward the second toe. Because this joint carries a lot of weight during activities like standing and walking, bunions can cause foot pain, stiffness, redness, and swelling. Calluses may form where the big toe and second toe rub together or on the ball of the foot. Unless they are treated, bunions get worse over time, and it may become difficult to wear regular shoes or walk without pain.

Felty's syndrome is a rare, potentially serious disorder that is defined by the presence of three conditions: rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an enlarged spleen ( splenomegaly ) and a decreased white blood cell count ( neutropenia ), which causes repeated infections. Although some individuals with Felty's syndrome are asymptomatic, others can develop serious and life-threatening infections. Symptoms of Felty's syndrome, in addition to those associated with the three conditions stated above, may include fatigue, fever, weight loss, discoloration of patches of skin, mild hepatomegaly (enlarged liver), lymphadenopathy (swelling of lymph nodes), Sjögren syndrome , vasculitis , lower-extremity ulcers, and other findings. The exact cause is unknown, but several risk factors have been proposed, including autoimmunity . A few familial cases of the condition have been reported. Treatment typically focuses on controlling the underlying RA; immunosuppressive therapy for RA may improve neutropenia and splenomegaly.

Felty syndrome (FS), also known as ''super rheumatoid'' disease, is a severe form of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), characterized by a triad of RA, splenomegaly and neutropenia, resulting in susceptibility to bacterial infections. Epidemiology FS is estimated to occur in about 1- 3% of RA patients after an average of 10 to 15 years of arthritis. FS is uncommon in the African American population. Clinical description FS is about 3 times more common in females during the third through fifth decades of life (earlier in men). Clinically, the disorder is characterized by chronic arthritis with severe joint destruction contrasting with moderate or absent joint inflammation and severe extra-articular disease. The knee, wrist, ankle, metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints are most commonly involved.

Blendis et al. (1976) described a mother and her son and daughter with Felty syndrome (rheumatoid arthritis, splenomegaly and neutropenia). Another sib had rheumatoid arthritis alone. Felty syndrome seems to be confined mainly to white males (Termini et al., 1979; Lewis, 1980). The low frequency in blacks may be related to the low frequency of HLA-DRw4, which shows association with Felty syndrome. Ditzel et al. (2000) identified eukaryotic elongation factor 1A-1 (EEF1A1; 130590) as an autoantibody in 66% of patients with Felty syndrome. Joints - Rheumatoid arthritis Inheritance - Autosomal dominant Misc - Confined mainly to white males - HLA-DRw4 association GI - Splenomegaly Heme - Neutropenia ▲ Close

X-linked sideroblastic anemia is an inherited disorder that prevents developing red blood cells (erythroblasts) from making enough hemoglobin , which is the protein that carries oxygen in the blood. People with X-linked sideroblastic anemia have mature red blood cells that are smaller than normal (microcytic) and appear pale (hypochromic) because of the shortage of hemoglobin. This disorder also leads to an abnormal accumulation of iron in red blood cells. The iron-loaded erythroblasts, which are present in bone marrow, are called ring sideroblasts. These abnormal cells give the condition its name. The signs and symptoms of X-linked sideroblastic anemia result from a combination of reduced hemoglobin and an overload of iron.

X-linked sideroblastic anemia is a constitutional microcytic, hypochromic anemia of varying severity that is clinically characterized by manifestations of anemia and iron overload and that may respond to treatment with pyridoxine and folic acid. Epidemiology Prevalence is unknown. Around 200 cases and fewer than 100 unrelated probands are described in the literature. Clinical description The anemia can present at any age from birth to the 9th decade. Some patients are asymptomatic and are detected incidentally by hematological screening or through a family study. Clinical features are those of anemia and/or iron overload such as pallor, fatigue, weakness.