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Non-Functioning Paraganglioma
Orphanet
Association with certain hereditary cancer-predisposing syndromes, such as multiple endocrine neoplasia, neurofibromatosis type 1 or von Hippel lindau syndrome, may be observed.
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Acrocraniofacial Dysostosis
Orphanet
A very rare acrofacialdyosotosis characterized by short stature, acrocephaly, ocular hypertelorism, ptosis of eyelids, ocular proptosis, downslanting palpebral fissures, high nasal bridge, anteverted nostrils, short philtrum, cleft palate, micrognathia, abnormal external ears, preauricular pits, mixed hearing loss, bulbous digits, metatarsus varus, pectus excavatum and various radiological abnormalities. Features of this syndrome were reported to overlap with otopalatodigital syndrome types 1 and 2.
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Nodular Cutaneous Amyloidosis
Orphanet
PLCNA can be associated with connective tissue disorders such as Sjögren’s syndrome and CREST syndrome (see these terms).
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Combined Oxidative Phosphorylation Defect Type 24
Orphanet
Combined oxidative phosphorylation defect type 24 is a rare mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorder characterized by variable phenotype, including developmental delay with psychomotor regression, intellectual disability, epilepsy, Leigh syndrome, non-syndromic hearing loss, visual impairment and severe myopathy.
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Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency
Omim
Kihara (1982) pointed out that multiple sulfatase deficiency combines the enzyme deficiency and phenotypic features of at least six entities: metachromatic leukodystrophy (250100), Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (253200), X-linked ichthyosis (308100), Hunter syndrome (309900), Sanfilippo A syndrome (252900), and Morquio syndrome (253000). ... Some patients initially suspected of having Hunter syndrome may have multiple sulfatase deficiency in which deficiency of iduronate sulfatase dominates. Burk et al. (1981, 1984) reported 2 cases that had been mistakenly diagnosed as Hunter syndrome. In both, developmental delay dated from birth. ... Hemophagocytic syndrome is characterized by fever, pancytopenia, coagulopathy, liver dysfunction, and proliferation of mature histiocytes. Ikeda et al. (1998) referred to the occurrence of hemophagocytic syndrome in methylmalonic aciduria (251000) and in lysinuric protein intolerance (222700).
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Irregular Sleep–wake Rhythm
Wikipedia
Saliva tests for melatonin are now available for online purchase; its metabolites can also be tested in urine. [4] [5] Nomenclature [ edit ] The current formally correct name of the disorder is Circadian Rhythm Sleep Disorder: Irregular Sleep Wake Rhythm Type . [9] This disorder has been referred to by many other terms, including: Irregular Sleep Wake Pattern, [10] irregular sleep wake syndrome, [6] Irregular Sleep Wake Rhythm (ISWRD), [11] Irregular Sleep Wake Cycle, [12] Irregular Sleep Wake Schedule [13] and Irregular Sleep Wake Disorder (ISWD). [5] Sometimes the words sleep and wake are hyphenated (sleep-wake), sometimes joined with an en dash (sleep–wake) and sometimes open (sleep wake). ... See also [ edit ] Advanced sleep phase syndrome Chronobiology Circadian rhythm Delayed sleep phase disorder References [ edit ] ^ "Irregular sleep-wake syndrome: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia" . medlineplus.gov . ... PMID 18041481 . ^ a b c "Irregular sleep wake syndrome" . National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. ... External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : G47.23 ICD - 9-CM : 327.33 MeSH : D021081 External resources MedlinePlus : 000806 eMedicine : neuro/655 v t e Sleep and sleep disorders Stages of sleep cycles Rapid eye movement (REM) Non-rapid eye movement Slow-wave Brain waves Alpha wave Beta wave Delta wave Gamma wave K-complex Mu rhythm PGO waves Sensorimotor rhythm Sleep spindle Theta wave Sleep disorders Dyssomnia Excessive daytime sleepiness Hypersomnia Insomnia Kleine–Levin syndrome Narcolepsy Night eating syndrome Nocturia Sleep apnea Catathrenia Central hypoventilation syndrome Obesity hypoventilation syndrome Obstructive sleep apnea Periodic breathing Sleep state misperception Circadian rhythm disorders Advanced sleep phase disorder Cyclic alternating pattern Delayed sleep phase disorder Irregular sleep–wake rhythm Jet lag Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder Shift work sleep disorder Parasomnia Bruxism Nightmare disorder Night terror Periodic limb movement disorder Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Sleepwalking Somniloquy Benign phenomena Dreams Exploding head syndrome Hypnic jerk Hypnagogia / Sleep onset Hypnopompic state Sleep paralysis Sleep inertia Somnolence Nocturnal clitoral tumescence Nocturnal penile tumescence Nocturnal emission Treatment Sleep diary Sleep hygiene Sleep induction Hypnosis Lullaby Somnology Polysomnography Other Sleep medicine Behavioral sleep medicine Sleep study Daily life Bed Bunk bed Daybed Four-poster bed Futon Hammock Mattress Sleeping bag Bed bug Bedding Bedroom Bedtime Bedtime story Bedtime toy Biphasic and polyphasic sleep Chronotype Dream diary Microsleep Mouth breathing Nap Nightwear Power nap Second wind Siesta Sleep and creativity Sleep and learning Sleep deprivation / Sleep debt Sleeping while on duty Sleepover Snoring
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Multifocal Atrial Tachycardia
Wikipedia
External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 9-CM : 427.89 DiseasesDB : 31111 External resources MedlinePlus : 000186 eMedicine : article/759135 v t e Cardiovascular disease (heart) Ischaemic Coronary disease Coronary artery disease (CAD) Coronary artery aneurysm Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) Coronary thrombosis Coronary vasospasm Myocardial bridge Active ischemia Angina pectoris Prinzmetal's angina Stable angina Acute coronary syndrome Myocardial infarction Unstable angina Sequelae hours Hibernating myocardium Myocardial stunning days Myocardial rupture weeks Aneurysm of heart / Ventricular aneurysm Dressler syndrome Layers Pericardium Pericarditis Acute Chronic / Constrictive Pericardial effusion Cardiac tamponade Hemopericardium Myocardium Myocarditis Chagas disease Cardiomyopathy Dilated Alcoholic Hypertrophic Tachycardia-induced Restrictive Loeffler endocarditis Cardiac amyloidosis Endocardial fibroelastosis Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Endocardium / valves Endocarditis infective endocarditis Subacute bacterial endocarditis non-infective endocarditis Libman–Sacks endocarditis Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis Valves mitral regurgitation prolapse stenosis aortic stenosis insufficiency tricuspid stenosis insufficiency pulmonary stenosis insufficiency Conduction / arrhythmia Bradycardia Sinus bradycardia Sick sinus syndrome Heart block : Sinoatrial AV 1° 2° 3° Intraventricular Bundle branch block Right Left Left anterior fascicle Left posterior fascicle Bifascicular Trifascicular Adams–Stokes syndrome Tachycardia ( paroxysmal and sinus ) Supraventricular Atrial Multifocal Junctional AV nodal reentrant Junctional ectopic Ventricular Accelerated idioventricular rhythm Catecholaminergic polymorphic Torsades de pointes Premature contraction Atrial Junctional Ventricular Pre-excitation syndrome Lown–Ganong–Levine Wolff–Parkinson–White Flutter / fibrillation Atrial flutter Ventricular flutter Atrial fibrillation Familial Ventricular fibrillation Pacemaker Ectopic pacemaker / Ectopic beat Multifocal atrial tachycardia Pacemaker syndrome Parasystole Wandering atrial pacemaker Long QT syndrome Andersen–Tawil Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Romano–Ward Cardiac arrest Sudden cardiac death Asystole Pulseless electrical activity Sinoatrial arrest Other / ungrouped hexaxial reference system Right axis deviation Left axis deviation QT Short QT syndrome T T wave alternans ST Osborn wave ST elevation ST depression Strain pattern Cardiomegaly Ventricular hypertrophy Left Right / Cor pulmonale Atrial enlargement Left Right Athletic heart syndrome Other Cardiac fibrosis Heart failure Diastolic heart failure Cardiac asthma Rheumatic fever
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Hypnic Jerk
Wikipedia
For example, hypnic jerks can be confused with restless leg syndrome , periodic limb movement disorder , hypnagogic foot tremor, rhythmic movement disorder , and hereditary or essential startle syndrome , including the hyperplexia syndrome. ... This increased anxiety and fatigue increases the likelihood of experiencing these jerks, resulting in a positive feedback loop . [16] See also [ edit ] Exploding head syndrome Hypnagogia Periodic limb movement disorder Rapid eye movement Sleep paralysis References [ edit ] ^ "Brain Basics: Understanding Sleep" (PDF) . ... Classification D v t e Sleep and sleep disorders Stages of sleep cycles Rapid eye movement (REM) Non-rapid eye movement Slow-wave Brain waves Alpha wave Beta wave Delta wave Gamma wave K-complex Mu rhythm PGO waves Sensorimotor rhythm Sleep spindle Theta wave Sleep disorders Dyssomnia Excessive daytime sleepiness Hypersomnia Insomnia Kleine–Levin syndrome Narcolepsy Night eating syndrome Nocturia Sleep apnea Catathrenia Central hypoventilation syndrome Obesity hypoventilation syndrome Obstructive sleep apnea Periodic breathing Sleep state misperception Circadian rhythm disorders Advanced sleep phase disorder Cyclic alternating pattern Delayed sleep phase disorder Irregular sleep–wake rhythm Jet lag Non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder Shift work sleep disorder Parasomnia Bruxism Nightmare disorder Night terror Periodic limb movement disorder Rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder Sleepwalking Somniloquy Benign phenomena Dreams Exploding head syndrome Hypnic jerk Hypnagogia / Sleep onset Hypnopompic state Sleep paralysis Sleep inertia Somnolence Nocturnal clitoral tumescence Nocturnal penile tumescence Nocturnal emission Treatment Sleep diary Sleep hygiene Sleep induction Hypnosis Lullaby Somnology Polysomnography Other Sleep medicine Behavioral sleep medicine Sleep study Daily life Bed Bunk bed Daybed Four-poster bed Futon Hammock Mattress Sleeping bag Bed bug Bedding Bedroom Bedtime Bedtime story Bedtime toy Biphasic and polyphasic sleep Chronotype Dream diary Microsleep Mouth breathing Nap Nightwear Power nap Second wind Siesta Sleep and creativity Sleep and learning Sleep deprivation / Sleep debt Sleeping while on duty Sleepover Snoring
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Nicotine Withdrawal
Wikipedia
External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : F17 .2 ICD - 9-CM : 292.0 External resources MedlinePlus : 000953 v t e Psychoactive substance-related disorder General SID Substance intoxication / Drug overdose Substance-induced psychosis Withdrawal : Craving Neonatal withdrawal Post-acute-withdrawal syndrome (PAWS) SUD Substance abuse / Substance-related disorders Physical dependence / Psychological dependence / Substance dependence Combined substance use SUD Polysubstance dependence SID Combined drug intoxication (CDI) Alcohol SID Cardiovascular diseases Alcoholic cardiomyopathy Alcohol flush reaction (AFR) Gastrointestinal diseases Alcoholic liver disease (ALD): Alcoholic hepatitis Auto-brewery syndrome (ABS) Endocrine diseases Alcoholic ketoacidosis (AKA) Nervous system diseases Alcohol-related dementia (ARD) Alcohol intoxication Hangover Neurological disorders Alcoholic hallucinosis Alcoholic polyneuropathy Alcohol-related brain damage Alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS): Alcoholic hallucinosis Delirium tremens (DTs) Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) Fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) Korsakoff syndrome Positional alcohol nystagmus (PAN) Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome (WKS, Korsakoff psychosis) Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) Respiratory tract diseases Alcohol-induced respiratory reactions Alcoholic lung disease SUD Alcoholism (alcohol use disorder (AUD)) Binge drinking Caffeine SID Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder Caffeine-induced sleep disorder Caffeinism SUD Caffeine dependence Cannabis SID Cannabis arteritis Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) SUD Amotivational syndrome Cannabis use disorder (CUD) Synthetic cannabinoid use disorder Cocaine SID Cocaine intoxication Prenatal cocaine exposure (PCE) SUD Cocaine dependence Hallucinogen SID Acute intoxication from hallucinogens (bad trip) Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD) Nicotine SID Nicotine poisoning Nicotine withdrawal SUD Nicotine dependence Opioids SID Opioid overdose SUD Opioid use disorder (OUD) Sedative / hypnotic SID Kindling (sedative–hypnotic withdrawal) benzodiazepine : SID Benzodiazepine overdose Benzodiazepine withdrawal SUD Benzodiazepine use disorder (BUD) Benzodiazepine dependence barbiturate : SID Barbiturate overdose SUD Barbiturate dependence Stimulants SID Stimulant psychosis amphetamine : SUD Amphetamine dependence Volatile solvent SID Sudden sniffing death syndrome (SSDS) Toluene toxicity SUD Inhalant abuse v t e Smoking Country and region Africa Egypt Nigeria South Africa Asia Afghanistan East Timor Hong Kong India Indonesia Iran Iraq Japan Korea North South Macau Mainland China Malaysia New Zealand Tokelau Pakistan Philippines Saudi Arabia Singapore Syria Taiwan Turkey Vietnam Europe Albania Finland France Germany Greece Hungary Iceland Ireland Italy Latvia Norway Sweden United Kingdom South America Argentina Brazil Colombia Ecuador Uruguay North America Canada United States Religion Smoking in Jewish law Tobacco fatwa Ceremonial pipe Chanunpa Kinnikinnick Pipe bag Health Health effects of tobacco ( Nicotine poisoning Nicotine withdrawal ) Passive smoking Third-hand smoke Prevalence of tobacco use Schizophrenia and smoking Sidestream smoke Smokeless tobacco keratosis Smoker's face Smoker's melanosis Stomatitis nicotina Smoking age Smoking and male infertility Smoking cessation Tobacco-Free Pharmacies Tobacco packaging warning messages WHO Framework Convention on Tobacco Control Protocol to Eliminate Illicit Trade in Tobacco Products World No Tobacco Day Youth smoking Women and smoking Breastfeeding difficulties Breast cancer Cervical cancer Menopause Ptosis of the breast Smoking and female infertility Smoking and pregnancy Smoking ban Inflight smoking List of smoking bans Smoking bans in private vehicles Tobacco-Free College Campuses Country and region Australia England France United States Other Chain smoking Cigarette consumption per capita History of smoking Smokeasy Smoking fetishism Smoking pipe tobacco pipe Tobacco advertising Tobacco bowdlerization Tobacco industry Tobacco smoking Category
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Leukoaraiosis
Wikipedia
Patients may develop subcortical dementia syndrome. [9] Special cases [ edit ] Ischaemic Leukoaraiosis has been defined as the leukoaraiosis present after a stroke . [10] Diabetes associated leukoaraiosis has been reported [11] CuRRL syndrome: increased Cu p: Disc Ratio, R etinal GanglionCell Complex thinning, R adial Peripapillary Capillary Network Density Reduction and L eukoaraiosis [2] CADASIL is a hereditary cerebrovascular disorder associated with T2-hyperintense white matter lesions that have a greater extent and earlier age of onset than age-related leukoaraiosis. ... CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link ) ^ a b Aik Kah, Tan (2018). "CuRRL Syndrome: A Case Series" (PDF) . Acta Scientific Ophthalmology . 1 (3): 9–13. ^ a b Habes M, Erus G, Toledo JB, Zhang T, Bryan N, Launer LJ, Rosseel Y, Janowitz D, Doshi J, Van der Auwera S, von Sarnowski B, Hegenscheid K, Hosten N, Homuth G, Völzke H, Schminke U, Hoffmann W, Grabe H, Davatzikos C (2016). ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to Leukoaraiosis . v t e Multiple sclerosis and other demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system Signs and symptoms Ataxia Depression Diplopia Dysarthria Dysphagia Fatigue Incontinence Nystagmus Optic neuritis Pain Uhthoff's phenomenon Investigations and diagnosis Multiple sclerosis diagnosis McDonald criteria Poser criteria Clinical Clinically isolated syndrome Expanded Disability Status Scale Serological and CSF Oligoclonal bands Radiological Radiologically isolated syndrome Lesional demyelinations of the central nervous system Dawson's fingers Approved [ by whom? ] treatment Management of multiple sclerosis Alemtuzumab Cladribine Dimethyl fumarate Fingolimod Glatiramer acetate Interferon beta-1a Interferon beta-1b Mitoxantrone Natalizumab Ocrelizumab Ozanimod Siponimod Teriflunomide Other treatments Former Daclizumab Multiple sclerosis research Demyleinating diseases Autoimmune Multiple sclerosis Neuromyelitis optica Diffuse myelinoclastic sclerosis Inflammatory Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis MOG antibody disease Balo concentric sclerosis Marburg acute multiple sclerosis Neuromyelitis optica Diffuse myelinoclastic sclerosis Tumefactive multiple sclerosis Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis Hereditary Adrenoleukodystrophy Alexander disease Canavan disease Krabbe disease Metachromatic leukodystrophy Pelizaeus–Merzbacher disease Leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with subcortical cysts CAMFAK syndrome Other Central pontine myelinolysis Marchiafava–Bignami disease Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome Other List of multiple sclerosis organizations List of people with multiple sclerosis Multiple sclerosis drug pipeline Pathophysiology v t e Diseases of the nervous system , primarily CNS Inflammation Brain Encephalitis Viral encephalitis Herpesviral encephalitis Limbic encephalitis Encephalitis lethargica Cavernous sinus thrombosis Brain abscess Amoebic Brain and spinal cord Encephalomyelitis Acute disseminated Meningitis Meningoencephalitis Brain / encephalopathy Degenerative Extrapyramidal and movement disorders Basal ganglia disease Parkinsonism PD Postencephalitic NMS PKAN Tauopathy PSP Striatonigral degeneration Hemiballismus HD OA Dyskinesia Dystonia Status dystonicus Spasmodic torticollis Meige's Blepharospasm Athetosis Chorea Choreoathetosis Myoclonus Myoclonic epilepsy Akathisia Tremor Essential tremor Intention tremor Restless legs Stiff-person Dementia Tauopathy Alzheimer's Early-onset Primary progressive aphasia Frontotemporal dementia / Frontotemporal lobar degeneration Pick's Dementia with Lewy bodies Posterior cortical atrophy Vascular dementia Mitochondrial disease Leigh syndrome Demyelinating Autoimmune Inflammatory Multiple sclerosis For more detailed coverage, see Template:Demyelinating diseases of CNS Episodic/ paroxysmal Seizures and epilepsy Focal Generalised Status epilepticus For more detailed coverage, see Template:Epilepsy Headache Migraine Cluster Tension For more detailed coverage, see Template:Headache Cerebrovascular TIA Stroke For more detailed coverage, see Template:Cerebrovascular diseases Other Sleep disorders For more detailed coverage, see Template:Sleep CSF Intracranial hypertension Hydrocephalus Normal pressure hydrocephalus Choroid plexus papilloma Idiopathic intracranial hypertension Cerebral edema Intracranial hypotension Other Brain herniation Reye syndrome Hepatic encephalopathy Toxic encephalopathy Hashimoto's encephalopathy Both/either Degenerative SA Friedreich's ataxia Ataxia–telangiectasia MND UMN only: Primary lateral sclerosis Pseudobulbar palsy Hereditary spastic paraplegia LMN only: Distal hereditary motor neuronopathies Spinal muscular atrophies SMA SMAX1 SMAX2 DSMA1 Congenital DSMA Spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance (SMALED) SMALED1 SMALED2A SMALED2B SMA-PCH SMA-PME Progressive muscular atrophy Progressive bulbar palsy Fazio–Londe Infantile progressive bulbar palsy both: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Cerebellopontine Angle Syndrome
Wikipedia
Find sources: "Cerebellopontine angle syndrome" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR ( December 2015 ) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message ) Cerebellopontine angle syndrome Types neurology The cerebellopontine angle syndrome is a distinct neurological syndrome of deficits that can arise due to the closeness of the cerebellopontine angle to specific cranial nerves . [1] Indications include unilateral hearing loss (85%), speech impediments, disequilibrium, tremors or other loss of motor control. ... External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 9-CM : 191.6 - Neoplasms of brain: Cerebellum NOS: Cerebellopontine angle v t e Diseases of the nervous system , primarily CNS Inflammation Brain Encephalitis Viral encephalitis Herpesviral encephalitis Limbic encephalitis Encephalitis lethargica Cavernous sinus thrombosis Brain abscess Amoebic Brain and spinal cord Encephalomyelitis Acute disseminated Meningitis Meningoencephalitis Brain / encephalopathy Degenerative Extrapyramidal and movement disorders Basal ganglia disease Parkinsonism PD Postencephalitic NMS PKAN Tauopathy PSP Striatonigral degeneration Hemiballismus HD OA Dyskinesia Dystonia Status dystonicus Spasmodic torticollis Meige's Blepharospasm Athetosis Chorea Choreoathetosis Myoclonus Myoclonic epilepsy Akathisia Tremor Essential tremor Intention tremor Restless legs Stiff-person Dementia Tauopathy Alzheimer's Early-onset Primary progressive aphasia Frontotemporal dementia / Frontotemporal lobar degeneration Pick's Dementia with Lewy bodies Posterior cortical atrophy Vascular dementia Mitochondrial disease Leigh syndrome Demyelinating Autoimmune Inflammatory Multiple sclerosis For more detailed coverage, see Template:Demyelinating diseases of CNS Episodic/ paroxysmal Seizures and epilepsy Focal Generalised Status epilepticus For more detailed coverage, see Template:Epilepsy Headache Migraine Cluster Tension For more detailed coverage, see Template:Headache Cerebrovascular TIA Stroke For more detailed coverage, see Template:Cerebrovascular diseases Other Sleep disorders For more detailed coverage, see Template:Sleep CSF Intracranial hypertension Hydrocephalus Normal pressure hydrocephalus Choroid plexus papilloma Idiopathic intracranial hypertension Cerebral edema Intracranial hypotension Other Brain herniation Reye syndrome Hepatic encephalopathy Toxic encephalopathy Hashimoto's encephalopathy Both/either Degenerative SA Friedreich's ataxia Ataxia–telangiectasia MND UMN only: Primary lateral sclerosis Pseudobulbar palsy Hereditary spastic paraplegia LMN only: Distal hereditary motor neuronopathies Spinal muscular atrophies SMA SMAX1 SMAX2 DSMA1 Congenital DSMA Spinal muscular atrophy with lower extremity predominance (SMALED) SMALED1 SMALED2A SMALED2B SMA-PCH SMA-PME Progressive muscular atrophy Progressive bulbar palsy Fazio–Londe Infantile progressive bulbar palsy both: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
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Constrictive Pericarditis
Wikipedia
External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : I31.1 ICD - 9-CM : 423.2 MeSH : D010494 External resources MedlinePlus : 001103 eMedicine : article/157096 Scholia has a topic profile for Constrictive pericarditis . v t e Cardiovascular disease (heart) Ischaemic Coronary disease Coronary artery disease (CAD) Coronary artery aneurysm Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) Coronary thrombosis Coronary vasospasm Myocardial bridge Active ischemia Angina pectoris Prinzmetal's angina Stable angina Acute coronary syndrome Myocardial infarction Unstable angina Sequelae hours Hibernating myocardium Myocardial stunning days Myocardial rupture weeks Aneurysm of heart / Ventricular aneurysm Dressler syndrome Layers Pericardium Pericarditis Acute Chronic / Constrictive Pericardial effusion Cardiac tamponade Hemopericardium Myocardium Myocarditis Chagas disease Cardiomyopathy Dilated Alcoholic Hypertrophic Tachycardia-induced Restrictive Loeffler endocarditis Cardiac amyloidosis Endocardial fibroelastosis Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Endocardium / valves Endocarditis infective endocarditis Subacute bacterial endocarditis non-infective endocarditis Libman–Sacks endocarditis Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis Valves mitral regurgitation prolapse stenosis aortic stenosis insufficiency tricuspid stenosis insufficiency pulmonary stenosis insufficiency Conduction / arrhythmia Bradycardia Sinus bradycardia Sick sinus syndrome Heart block : Sinoatrial AV 1° 2° 3° Intraventricular Bundle branch block Right Left Left anterior fascicle Left posterior fascicle Bifascicular Trifascicular Adams–Stokes syndrome Tachycardia ( paroxysmal and sinus ) Supraventricular Atrial Multifocal Junctional AV nodal reentrant Junctional ectopic Ventricular Accelerated idioventricular rhythm Catecholaminergic polymorphic Torsades de pointes Premature contraction Atrial Junctional Ventricular Pre-excitation syndrome Lown–Ganong–Levine Wolff–Parkinson–White Flutter / fibrillation Atrial flutter Ventricular flutter Atrial fibrillation Familial Ventricular fibrillation Pacemaker Ectopic pacemaker / Ectopic beat Multifocal atrial tachycardia Pacemaker syndrome Parasystole Wandering atrial pacemaker Long QT syndrome Andersen–Tawil Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Romano–Ward Cardiac arrest Sudden cardiac death Asystole Pulseless electrical activity Sinoatrial arrest Other / ungrouped hexaxial reference system Right axis deviation Left axis deviation QT Short QT syndrome T T wave alternans ST Osborn wave ST elevation ST depression Strain pattern Cardiomegaly Ventricular hypertrophy Left Right / Cor pulmonale Atrial enlargement Left Right Athletic heart syndrome Other Cardiac fibrosis Heart failure Diastolic heart failure Cardiac asthma Rheumatic fever
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Chronic Pancreatitis
Wikipedia
External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : K86.0 - K86.1 ICD - 9-CM : 577.1 OMIM : 167800 MeSH : D050500 DiseasesDB : 9559 External resources MedlinePlus : 000221 eMedicine : med/1721 Scholia has a topic profile for Chronic pancreatitis . v t e Diseases of the digestive system Upper GI tract Esophagus Esophagitis Candidal Eosinophilic Herpetiform Rupture Boerhaave syndrome Mallory–Weiss syndrome UES Zenker's diverticulum LES Barrett's esophagus Esophageal motility disorder Nutcracker esophagus Achalasia Diffuse esophageal spasm Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) Esophageal stricture Megaesophagus Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis Stomach Gastritis Atrophic Ménétrier's disease Gastroenteritis Peptic (gastric) ulcer Cushing ulcer Dieulafoy's lesion Dyspepsia Pyloric stenosis Achlorhydria Gastroparesis Gastroptosis Portal hypertensive gastropathy Gastric antral vascular ectasia Gastric dumping syndrome Gastric volvulus Buried bumper syndrome Gastrinoma Zollinger–Ellison syndrome Lower GI tract Enteropathy Small intestine ( Duodenum / Jejunum / Ileum ) Enteritis Duodenitis Jejunitis Ileitis Peptic (duodenal) ulcer Curling's ulcer Malabsorption : Coeliac Tropical sprue Blind loop syndrome Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome Whipple's Short bowel syndrome Steatorrhea Milroy disease Bile acid malabsorption Large intestine ( Appendix / Colon ) Appendicitis Colitis Pseudomembranous Ulcerative Ischemic Microscopic Collagenous Lymphocytic Functional colonic disease IBS Intestinal pseudoobstruction / Ogilvie syndrome Megacolon / Toxic megacolon Diverticulitis / Diverticulosis / SCAD Large and/or small Enterocolitis Necrotizing Gastroenterocolitis IBD Crohn's disease Vascular : Abdominal angina Mesenteric ischemia Angiodysplasia Bowel obstruction : Ileus Intussusception Volvulus Fecal impaction Constipation Diarrhea Infectious Intestinal adhesions Rectum Proctitis Radiation proctitis Proctalgia fugax Rectal prolapse 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Pancreatitis Acute Chronic Hereditary Pancreatic abscess Pancreatic pseudocyst Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Pancreatic fistula Other Hernia Diaphragmatic Congenital Hiatus Inguinal Indirect Direct Umbilical Femoral Obturator Spigelian Lumbar Petit's Grynfeltt-Lesshaft Undefined location Incisional Internal hernia Richter's Peritoneal Peritonitis Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hemoperitoneum Pneumoperitoneum v t e Medicine Specialties and subspecialties Surgery Cardiac surgery Cardiothoracic surgery Colorectal surgery Eye surgery General surgery Neurosurgery Oral and maxillofacial surgery Orthopedic surgery Hand surgery Otolaryngology ENT Pediatric surgery Plastic surgery Reproductive surgery Surgical oncology Transplant surgery Trauma surgery Urology Andrology Vascular surgery Internal medicine Allergy / Immunology Angiology Cardiology Endocrinology Gastroenterology Hepatology Geriatrics Hematology Hospital medicine Infectious disease Nephrology Oncology Pulmonology 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Av Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia
Wikipedia
The fast and slow pathways should not be confused with the accessory pathways that give rise to Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (WPW syndrome) or atrioventricular reciprocating tachycardia (AVRT). ... Accessory pathways that give rise to WPW syndrome and AVRT are located in the atrioventricular valvular rings . ... All these ECG-based technologies also enable the distinction between AVNRT and other abnormal fast heart rhythms such as atrial fibrillation , atrial flutter , sinus tachycardia , ventricular tachycardia and tachyarrhythmias related to Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome , all of which may have symptoms that are similar to AVNRT. ... External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : I47.1 ICD - 9-CM : 427.89 MeSH : D013611 External resources eMedicine : med/2955 ped/2535 v t e Cardiovascular disease (heart) Ischaemic Coronary disease Coronary artery disease (CAD) Coronary artery aneurysm Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) Coronary thrombosis Coronary vasospasm Myocardial bridge Active ischemia Angina pectoris Prinzmetal's angina Stable angina Acute coronary syndrome Myocardial infarction Unstable angina Sequelae hours Hibernating myocardium Myocardial stunning days Myocardial rupture weeks Aneurysm of heart / Ventricular aneurysm Dressler syndrome Layers Pericardium Pericarditis Acute Chronic / Constrictive Pericardial effusion Cardiac tamponade Hemopericardium Myocardium Myocarditis Chagas disease Cardiomyopathy Dilated Alcoholic Hypertrophic Tachycardia-induced Restrictive Loeffler endocarditis Cardiac amyloidosis Endocardial fibroelastosis Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia Endocardium / valves Endocarditis infective endocarditis Subacute bacterial endocarditis non-infective endocarditis Libman–Sacks endocarditis Nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis Valves mitral regurgitation prolapse stenosis aortic stenosis insufficiency tricuspid stenosis insufficiency pulmonary stenosis insufficiency Conduction / arrhythmia Bradycardia Sinus bradycardia Sick sinus syndrome Heart block : Sinoatrial AV 1° 2° 3° Intraventricular Bundle branch block Right Left Left anterior fascicle Left posterior fascicle Bifascicular Trifascicular Adams–Stokes syndrome Tachycardia ( paroxysmal and sinus ) Supraventricular Atrial Multifocal Junctional AV nodal reentrant Junctional ectopic Ventricular Accelerated idioventricular rhythm Catecholaminergic polymorphic Torsades de pointes Premature contraction Atrial Junctional Ventricular Pre-excitation syndrome Lown–Ganong–Levine Wolff–Parkinson–White Flutter / fibrillation Atrial flutter Ventricular flutter Atrial fibrillation Familial Ventricular fibrillation Pacemaker Ectopic pacemaker / Ectopic beat Multifocal atrial tachycardia Pacemaker syndrome Parasystole Wandering atrial pacemaker Long QT syndrome Andersen–Tawil Jervell and Lange-Nielsen Romano–Ward Cardiac arrest Sudden cardiac death Asystole Pulseless electrical activity Sinoatrial arrest Other / ungrouped hexaxial reference system Right axis deviation Left axis deviation QT Short QT syndrome T T wave alternans ST Osborn wave ST elevation ST depression Strain pattern Cardiomegaly Ventricular hypertrophy Left Right / Cor pulmonale Atrial enlargement Left Right Athletic heart syndrome Other Cardiac fibrosis Heart failure Diastolic heart failure Cardiac asthma Rheumatic fever
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Intussusception (Medical Disorder)
Wikipedia
Further reading [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : K38.8 , K56.1 ICD - 9-CM : 543.9 , 560.0 OMIM : 147710 MeSH : D007443 DiseasesDB : 6913 External resources MedlinePlus : 000958 eMedicine : emerg/385 Intussuception: A guide to diagnosis and intervention in children v t e Diseases of the digestive system Upper GI tract Esophagus Esophagitis Candidal Eosinophilic Herpetiform Rupture Boerhaave syndrome Mallory–Weiss syndrome UES Zenker's diverticulum LES Barrett's esophagus Esophageal motility disorder Nutcracker esophagus Achalasia Diffuse esophageal spasm Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) Esophageal stricture Megaesophagus Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis Stomach Gastritis Atrophic Ménétrier's disease Gastroenteritis Peptic (gastric) ulcer Cushing ulcer Dieulafoy's lesion Dyspepsia Pyloric stenosis Achlorhydria Gastroparesis Gastroptosis Portal hypertensive gastropathy Gastric antral vascular ectasia Gastric dumping syndrome Gastric volvulus Buried bumper syndrome Gastrinoma Zollinger–Ellison syndrome Lower GI tract Enteropathy Small intestine ( Duodenum / Jejunum / Ileum ) Enteritis Duodenitis Jejunitis Ileitis Peptic (duodenal) ulcer Curling's ulcer Malabsorption : Coeliac Tropical sprue Blind loop syndrome Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome Whipple's Short bowel syndrome Steatorrhea Milroy disease Bile acid malabsorption Large intestine ( Appendix / Colon ) Appendicitis Colitis Pseudomembranous Ulcerative Ischemic Microscopic Collagenous Lymphocytic Functional colonic disease IBS Intestinal pseudoobstruction / Ogilvie syndrome Megacolon / Toxic megacolon Diverticulitis / Diverticulosis / SCAD Large and/or small Enterocolitis Necrotizing Gastroenterocolitis IBD Crohn's disease Vascular : Abdominal angina Mesenteric ischemia Angiodysplasia Bowel obstruction : Ileus Intussusception Volvulus Fecal impaction Constipation Diarrhea Infectious Intestinal adhesions Rectum Proctitis Radiation proctitis Proctalgia fugax Rectal prolapse Anismus Anal canal Anal fissure / Anal fistula Anal abscess Hemorrhoid Anal dysplasia Pruritus ani GI bleeding Blood in stool Upper Hematemesis Melena Lower Hematochezia Accessory Liver Hepatitis Viral hepatitis Autoimmune hepatitis Alcoholic hepatitis Cirrhosis PBC Fatty liver NASH Vascular Budd–Chiari syndrome Hepatic veno-occlusive disease Portal hypertension Nutmeg liver Alcoholic liver disease Liver failure Hepatic encephalopathy Acute liver failure Liver abscess Pyogenic Amoebic Hepatorenal syndrome Peliosis hepatis Metabolic disorders Wilson's disease Hemochromatosis Gallbladder Cholecystitis Gallstone / Cholelithiasis Cholesterolosis Adenomyomatosis Postcholecystectomy syndrome Porcelain gallbladder Bile duct / Other biliary tree Cholangitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Secondary sclerosing cholangitis Ascending Cholestasis / Mirizzi's syndrome Biliary fistula Haemobilia Common bile duct Choledocholithiasis Biliary dyskinesia Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Pancreatic Pancreatitis Acute Chronic Hereditary Pancreatic abscess Pancreatic pseudocyst Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Pancreatic fistula Other Hernia Diaphragmatic Congenital Hiatus Inguinal Indirect Direct Umbilical Femoral Obturator Spigelian Lumbar Petit's Grynfeltt-Lesshaft Undefined location Incisional Internal hernia Richter's Peritoneal Peritonitis Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hemoperitoneum Pneumoperitoneum Authority control NDL : 00573762
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Checkpoint Inhibitor Induced Colitis
Wikipedia
PMID 26874776 . v t e Diseases of the digestive system Upper GI tract Esophagus Esophagitis Candidal Eosinophilic Herpetiform Rupture Boerhaave syndrome Mallory–Weiss syndrome UES Zenker's diverticulum LES Barrett's esophagus Esophageal motility disorder Nutcracker esophagus Achalasia Diffuse esophageal spasm Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) Esophageal stricture Megaesophagus Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis Stomach Gastritis Atrophic Ménétrier's disease Gastroenteritis Peptic (gastric) ulcer Cushing ulcer Dieulafoy's lesion Dyspepsia Pyloric stenosis Achlorhydria Gastroparesis Gastroptosis Portal hypertensive gastropathy Gastric antral vascular ectasia Gastric dumping syndrome Gastric volvulus Buried bumper syndrome Gastrinoma Zollinger–Ellison syndrome Lower GI tract Enteropathy Small intestine ( Duodenum / Jejunum / Ileum ) Enteritis Duodenitis Jejunitis Ileitis Peptic (duodenal) ulcer Curling's ulcer Malabsorption : Coeliac Tropical sprue Blind loop syndrome Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome Whipple's Short bowel syndrome Steatorrhea Milroy disease Bile acid malabsorption Large intestine ( Appendix / Colon ) Appendicitis Colitis Pseudomembranous Ulcerative Ischemic Microscopic Collagenous Lymphocytic Functional colonic disease IBS Intestinal pseudoobstruction / Ogilvie syndrome Megacolon / Toxic megacolon Diverticulitis / Diverticulosis / SCAD Large and/or small Enterocolitis Necrotizing Gastroenterocolitis IBD Crohn's disease Vascular : Abdominal angina Mesenteric ischemia Angiodysplasia Bowel obstruction : Ileus Intussusception Volvulus Fecal impaction Constipation Diarrhea Infectious Intestinal adhesions Rectum Proctitis Radiation proctitis Proctalgia fugax Rectal prolapse Anismus Anal canal Anal fissure / Anal fistula Anal abscess Hemorrhoid Anal dysplasia Pruritus ani GI bleeding Blood in stool Upper Hematemesis Melena Lower Hematochezia Accessory Liver Hepatitis Viral hepatitis Autoimmune hepatitis Alcoholic hepatitis Cirrhosis PBC Fatty liver NASH Vascular Budd–Chiari syndrome Hepatic veno-occlusive disease Portal hypertension Nutmeg liver Alcoholic liver disease Liver failure Hepatic encephalopathy Acute liver failure Liver abscess Pyogenic Amoebic Hepatorenal syndrome Peliosis hepatis Metabolic disorders Wilson's disease Hemochromatosis Gallbladder Cholecystitis Gallstone / Cholelithiasis Cholesterolosis Adenomyomatosis Postcholecystectomy syndrome Porcelain gallbladder Bile duct / Other biliary tree Cholangitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Secondary sclerosing cholangitis Ascending Cholestasis / Mirizzi's syndrome Biliary fistula Haemobilia Common bile duct Choledocholithiasis Biliary dyskinesia Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Pancreatic Pancreatitis Acute Chronic Hereditary Pancreatic abscess Pancreatic pseudocyst Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Pancreatic fistula Other Hernia Diaphragmatic Congenital Hiatus Inguinal Indirect Direct Umbilical Femoral Obturator Spigelian Lumbar Petit's Grynfeltt-Lesshaft Undefined location Incisional Internal hernia Richter's Peritoneal Peritonitis Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hemoperitoneum Pneumoperitoneum
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Atypical Depression
Wikipedia
Depression characterized by improved mood in response to positive events Main article: Major depressive disorder Atypical depression Other names Depression with atypical features Depression subtypes Specialty Psychiatry Symptoms Low mood, mood reactivity, hyperphagia, hypersomnia, leaden paralysis, interpersonal rejection sensitivity Complications Suicide Usual onset Typically adolescence [1] Types Primary anxious, primarily vegetative [1] Risk factors Bipolar disorder, anxiety disorder, female sex [2] Differential diagnosis Melancholic depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder Frequency 15-29% of depressed patients [3] Atypical depression as it has been known in the DSM IV , is depression that shares many of the typical symptoms of the psychiatric syndromes of major depression or dysthymia but is characterized by improved mood in response to positive events. ... Atypical depression is a chronic syndrome that tends to begin earlier in life than other forms of depression—usually beginning in the teenage years. ... "Superposição entre depressão atípica, doença afetiva sazonal e síndrome da fadiga crônica" [Overlap between atypical depression, seasonal affective disorder and chronic fatigue syndrome]. Revista Brasileira de Psiquiatria (in Portuguese). 29 Suppl 1: S19–26. doi : 10.1590/S1516-44462007000500005 . ... Ivan Goldberg's Depression Central) Classification D ICD - 10 : F32.8 ICD - 9-CM : 296.2x v t e Mental and behavioral disorders Adult personality and behavior Gender dysphoria Ego-dystonic sexual orientation Paraphilia Fetishism Voyeurism Sexual maturation disorder Sexual relationship disorder Other Factitious disorder Munchausen syndrome Intermittent explosive disorder Dermatillomania Kleptomania Pyromania Trichotillomania Personality disorder Childhood and learning Emotional and behavioral ADHD Conduct disorder ODD Emotional and behavioral disorders Separation anxiety disorder Movement disorders Stereotypic Social functioning DAD RAD Selective mutism Speech Stuttering Cluttering Tic disorder Tourette syndrome Intellectual disability X-linked intellectual disability Lujan–Fryns syndrome Psychological development ( developmental disabilities ) Pervasive Specific Mood (affective) Bipolar Bipolar I Bipolar II Bipolar NOS Cyclothymia Depression Atypical depression Dysthymia Major depressive disorder Melancholic depression Seasonal affective disorder Mania Neurological and symptomatic Autism spectrum Autism Asperger syndrome High-functioning autism PDD-NOS Savant syndrome Dementia AIDS dementia complex Alzheimer's disease Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease Frontotemporal dementia Huntington's disease Mild cognitive impairment Parkinson's disease Pick's disease Sundowning Vascular dementia Wandering Other Delirium Organic brain syndrome Post-concussion syndrome Neurotic , stress -related and somatoform Adjustment Adjustment disorder with depressed mood Anxiety Phobia Agoraphobia Social anxiety Social phobia Anthropophobia Specific social phobia Specific phobia Claustrophobia Other Generalized anxiety disorder OCD Panic attack Panic disorder Stress Acute stress reaction PTSD Dissociative Depersonalization disorder Dissociative identity disorder Fugue state Psychogenic amnesia Somatic symptom Body dysmorphic disorder Conversion disorder Ganser syndrome Globus pharyngis Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures False pregnancy Hypochondriasis Mass psychogenic illness Nosophobia Psychogenic pain Somatization disorder Physiological and physical behavior Eating Anorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosa Rumination syndrome Other specified feeding or eating disorder Nonorganic sleep Hypersomnia Insomnia Parasomnia Night terror Nightmare REM sleep behavior disorder Postnatal Postpartum depression Postpartum psychosis Sexual dysfunction Arousal Erectile dysfunction Female sexual arousal disorder Desire Hypersexuality Hypoactive sexual desire disorder Orgasm Anorgasmia Delayed ejaculation Premature ejaculation Sexual anhedonia Pain Nonorganic dyspareunia Nonorganic vaginismus Psychoactive substances, substance abuse and substance-related Drug overdose Intoxication Physical dependence Rebound effect Stimulant psychosis Substance dependence Withdrawal Schizophrenia , schizotypal and delusional Delusional Delusional disorder Folie à deux Psychosis and schizophrenia-like Brief reactive psychosis Schizoaffective disorder Schizophreniform disorder Schizophrenia Childhood schizophrenia Disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia Paranoid schizophrenia Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia Simple-type schizophrenia Other Catatonia Symptoms and uncategorized Impulse control disorder Klüver–Bucy syndrome Psychomotor agitation Stereotypy
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Photophobia
Wikipedia
Overstimulation of the photoreceptors in the retina Excessive electric impulses to the optic nerve Excessive response in the central nervous system Common causes of photophobia include migraine headaches , TMJ , cataracts , Sjögren syndrome , Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ( MTBI ), or severe ophthalmologic diseases such as uveitis or corneal abrasion . [6] A more extensive list follows: Eye-related [ edit ] Causes of photophobia relating directly to the eye itself include: Achromatopsia [7] Aniridia [8] Anticholinergic drugs may cause photophobia by paralyzing the iris sphincter muscle . [ citation needed ] Aphakia [9] Blepharitis Buphthalmos [8] Cataracts [8] Coloboma Cone dystrophy [8] Congenital abnormalities of the eye [8] Viral conjunctivitis [10] Corneal abrasion [8] Corneal dystrophy [8] Corneal ulcer [11] Disruption of the corneal epithelium , such as that caused by a corneal foreign body or keratitis [8] Ectopia lentis [8] Endophthalmitis [8] Eye trauma caused by disease, injury, or infection such as chalazion , episcleritis , keratoconus , or optic nerve hypoplasia [8] Hydrophthalmos , or congenital glaucoma [8] Iritis [8] Isotretinoin has been associated with photophobia [12] Optic neuritis [8] Pigment dispersion syndrome [ citation needed ] Pupillary dilation (naturally or chemically induced) [9] Retinal detachment Scarring of the cornea or sclera [8] Uveitis [8] Nervous-system-related [ edit ] Neurological causes for photophobia include: Autism spectrum disorders [13] Chiari malformation Dyslexia [14] Encephalitis [8] including Myalgic encephalomyelitis [15] Meningitis [8] Trigeminal disturbance causes central sensitization (hence, multiple other associated hypersensitivities. ... Other causes [ edit ] Ankylosing spondylitis [19] Albinism [20] Ariboflavinosis [21] Benzodiazepines [22] [23] Chemotherapy [8] Chikungunya [24] Cystinosis [8] Drug withdrawal Ehlers–Danlos syndrome Infectious mononucleosis [25] Influenza [26] Magnesium deficiency [27] Mercury poisoning [28] Migraine [29] Rabies [30] Tyrosinemia type II [8] Superior canal dehiscence syndrome [31] Treatment [ edit ] Treatment for light sensitivity addresses the underlying cause, whether it be an eye, nervous system or other cause. ... Retrieved December 11, 2009 . ^ "Chronic Fatigue Syndrome" . University of Virginia Health System . ... External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : H53.1 ICD - 9-CM : 368.13 MeSH : D020795 DiseasesDB : 24599 External resources MedlinePlus : 003041 v t e Diseases of the human eye Adnexa Eyelid Inflammation Stye Chalazion Blepharitis Entropion Ectropion Lagophthalmos Blepharochalasis Ptosis Blepharophimosis Xanthelasma Ankyloblepharon Eyelash Trichiasis Madarosis Lacrimal apparatus Dacryoadenitis Epiphora Dacryocystitis Xerophthalmia Orbit Exophthalmos Enophthalmos Orbital cellulitis Orbital lymphoma Periorbital cellulitis Conjunctiva Conjunctivitis allergic Pterygium Pseudopterygium Pinguecula Subconjunctival hemorrhage Globe Fibrous tunic Sclera Scleritis Episcleritis Cornea Keratitis herpetic acanthamoebic fungal Exposure Photokeratitis Corneal ulcer Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy Corneal dystrophy Fuchs' Meesmann Corneal ectasia Keratoconus Pellucid marginal degeneration Keratoglobus Terrien's marginal degeneration Post-LASIK ectasia Keratoconjunctivitis sicca Corneal opacity Corneal neovascularization Kayser–Fleischer ring Haab's striae Arcus senilis Band keratopathy Vascular tunic Iris Ciliary body Uveitis Intermediate uveitis Hyphema Rubeosis iridis Persistent pupillary membrane Iridodialysis Synechia Choroid Choroideremia Choroiditis Chorioretinitis Lens Cataract Congenital cataract Childhood cataract Aphakia Ectopia lentis Retina Retinitis Chorioretinitis Cytomegalovirus retinitis Retinal detachment Retinoschisis Ocular ischemic syndrome / Central retinal vein occlusion Central retinal artery occlusion Branch retinal artery occlusion Retinopathy diabetic hypertensive Purtscher's of prematurity Bietti's crystalline dystrophy Coats' disease Sickle cell Macular degeneration Retinitis pigmentosa Retinal haemorrhage Central serous retinopathy Macular edema Epiretinal membrane (Macular pucker) Vitelliform macular dystrophy Leber's congenital amaurosis Birdshot chorioretinopathy Other Glaucoma / Ocular hypertension / Primary juvenile glaucoma Floater Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy Red eye Globe rupture Keratomycosis Phthisis bulbi Persistent fetal vasculature / Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous Persistent tunica vasculosa lentis Familial exudative vitreoretinopathy Pathways Optic nerve Optic disc Optic neuritis optic papillitis Papilledema Foster Kennedy syndrome Optic atrophy Optic disc drusen Optic neuropathy Ischemic anterior (AION) posterior (PION) Kjer's Leber's hereditary Toxic and nutritional Strabismus Extraocular muscles Binocular vision Accommodation Paralytic strabismus Ophthalmoparesis Chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia Kearns–Sayre syndrome palsies Oculomotor (III) Fourth-nerve (IV) Sixth-nerve (VI) Other strabismus Esotropia / Exotropia Hypertropia Heterophoria Esophoria Exophoria Cyclotropia Brown's syndrome Duane syndrome Other binocular Conjugate gaze palsy Convergence insufficiency Internuclear ophthalmoplegia One and a half syndrome Refraction Refractive error Hyperopia Myopia Astigmatism Anisometropia / Aniseikonia Presbyopia Vision disorders Blindness Amblyopia Leber's congenital amaurosis Diplopia Scotoma Color blindness Achromatopsia Dichromacy Monochromacy Nyctalopia Oguchi disease Blindness / Vision loss / Visual impairment Anopsia Hemianopsia binasal bitemporal homonymous Quadrantanopia subjective Asthenopia Hemeralopia Photophobia Scintillating scotoma Pupil Anisocoria Argyll Robertson pupil Marcus Gunn pupil Adie syndrome Miosis Mydriasis Cycloplegia Parinaud's syndrome Other Nystagmus Childhood blindness Infections Trachoma OnchocerciasisATF6, MBTPS2, RHO, GUCA1B, GUCA1A, CNGA3, RPE65, CNNM4, AIRE, ERCC2, TAT, RGS9, ERCC5, CTNS, POLH, NLRP1, DKK1, CEP250, RIMS1, SNRNP200, ABCA4, TTLL5, PNPLA6, CRB1, ARL2BP, AIPL1, PRPF6, FSCN2, PRPF31, IFT172, SCAPER, IMPG2, SLC45A2, ARHGEF18, IKZF1, GJB6, UNC119, RNF113A, ALMS1, IFT88, KLRC4, OFD1, AP3B1, TP63, ADAM9, PROM1, AP3D1, PRPF4, PRPF8, PRPF3, LRAT, RAB28, ITM2B, IFT140, DHX38, NR2E3, TOPORS, CNGB3, MERTK, ERAP1, SPATA7, AHI1, POMGNT1, REEP6, CACNA2D4, NLRP3, TTC8, DRAM2, ZNF513, MPLKIP, HGSNAT, RDH12, IL23R, C8orf37, KCNV2, PIKFYVE, POC1B, SLC24A5, UBAC2, SLC6A19, EYS, CERKL, RGS9BP, PCARE, GTF2H5, PRCD, CDHR1, RAX2, RTN4IP1, AGBL5, SLC39A4, XPA, KIZ, KLHL7, CABP4, RPGRIP1, MCOLN1, KIAA1549, SLC7A14, OVOL2, NOD2, ANTXR1, SEMA4A, NMNAT1, ELOVL1, ZNF408, DHDDS, PITPNM3, LRMDA, ARL6, CEP78, FAM161A, XPC, IL12A-AS1, TACSTD2, IMPDH1, HARS1, HK1, HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-DRB1, IDH3A, IDH3B, IL10, IL12A, C4A, ITGB6, CFAP410, KCNJ13, KRT3, KRT12, BBS2, LTBP2, BEST1, MAK, MAPT, MC1R, CHST6, HADHA, GUCY2D, GTF2E2, GNB3, CACNA1C, CACNA1F, LYST, CCR1, CNGB1, CNGA1, COL17A1, CRX, CST6, DDB2, TIMM8A, EDNRA, ERCC3, ERCC4, ERCC6, ESR1, FOXE3, FOXC2, OPN1MW, GJB2, GNAT2, MEFV, MITF, MPV17, ST14, NEK2, RP1, RP2, RPGR, SAG, ATXN7, SCN1A, SLC1A3, AHSG, STAT4, RLBP1, TGFBI, TLR4, TNF, TUB, TULP1, TYR, USH2A, CLRN1, AHR, ROM1, RP9, RGR, PRPH2, NRL, GPR143, OCA2, ARL3, PCNA, PCYT1A, PDE6A, PDE6C, PDE6G, PDE6H, PDE6B, PLCD1, POLA1, RBP3, OPN1LW, FAS, ALDH3A2, RDH5, CA4, OPN4, PER3, MIR182, ATRX, ALDH2, ADCYAP1, SPHK2, NUDT11, OPN3, OPA1, NES, POLQ, CLOCK, SRI, PER2, ZIC2, VRK1
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Comedo
Wikipedia
DCIS is a non-invasive form of breast cancer, but comedo-type DCIS may be more aggressive and so may be more likely to become invasive. [5] Contents 1 Causes 2 Pathophysiology 3 Management 4 Rare conditions 5 References 6 External links Causes [ edit ] Oil production in the sebaceous glands increases during puberty, causing comedones and acne to be common in adolescents. [3] [4] Acne is also found premenstrually and in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome . [3] Smoking may worsen acne. [3] Oxidation rather than poor hygiene or dirt causes blackheads to be black. [2] Washing or scrubbing the skin too much could make it worse, by irritating the skin. [2] Touching and picking at comedones might cause irritation and spread infection. [2] It is not clear what effect shaving has on the development of comedones or acne. [2] Some, but not all, skin products might increase comedones by blocking pores, [2] and greasy hair products (like pomades ) can worsen acne. [3] Skin products that claim to not clog pores may be labeled noncomedogenic or non-acnegenic. [6] Make-up and skin products that are oil-free and water-based may be less likely to cause acne. [6] It is not known whether dietary factors or sun exposure make comedones better, worse or have no effect. [3] A hair that does not emerge normally, an ingrown hair , can also block the pore and cause a bulge or lead to infection (causing inflammation and pus ). [4] Genes may play a role in the chances of developing acne. [3] Comedones may be more common in some ethnic groups. [3] [7] People of Latino and recent African descent may experience more inflammation in comedones, more comedonal acne, and earlier onset of inflammation. [3] [7] Pathophysiology [ edit ] Multiple closed comedones at the nasolabial fold and the alar of the nose Comedones are associated with the pilosebaceous unit , which includes a hair follicle and sebaceous gland . ... Rare conditions [ edit ] Favre–Racouchot syndrome occurs in sun-damaged skin and includes open and closed comedones. [18] Nevus comedonicus or comedo nevus is a benign hamartoma (birthmark) of the pilosebaceous unit around the oil-producing gland in the skin. [19] It has widened open hair follicles with dark keratin plugs that resemble comedones, but they are not actually comedones. [19] [20] Dowling-Degos disease is a genetic pigment disorder that includes comedo-like lesions and scars. [21] [22] Familial dyskeratotic comedones is a rare autosomal dominant genetic condition, with keratotic (tough) papules and comedo-like lesions . [23] [24] References [ edit ] ^ a b "Comedo" . ... Encyclopedia Americana . v t e Disorders of skin appendages Nail thickness: Onychogryphosis Onychauxis color: Beau's lines Yellow nail syndrome Leukonychia Azure lunula shape: Koilonychia Nail clubbing behavior: Onychotillomania Onychophagia other: Ingrown nail Anonychia ungrouped: Paronychia Acute Chronic Chevron nail Congenital onychodysplasia of the index fingers Green nails Half and half nails Hangnail Hapalonychia Hook nail Ingrown nail Lichen planus of the nails Longitudinal erythronychia Malalignment of the nail plate Median nail dystrophy Mees' lines Melanonychia Muehrcke's lines Nail–patella syndrome Onychoatrophy Onycholysis Onychomadesis Onychomatricoma Onychomycosis Onychophosis Onychoptosis defluvium Onychorrhexis Onychoschizia Platonychia Pincer nails Plummer's nail Psoriatic nails Pterygium inversum unguis Pterygium unguis Purpura of the nail bed Racquet nail Red lunulae Shell nail syndrome Splinter hemorrhage Spotted lunulae Staining of the nail plate Stippled nails Subungual hematoma Terry's nails Twenty-nail dystrophy Hair Hair loss / Baldness noncicatricial alopecia : Alopecia areata totalis universalis Ophiasis Androgenic alopecia (male-pattern baldness) Hypotrichosis Telogen effluvium Traction alopecia Lichen planopilaris Trichorrhexis nodosa Alopecia neoplastica Anagen effluvium Alopecia mucinosa cicatricial alopecia : Pseudopelade of Brocq Central centrifugal cicatricial alopecia Pressure alopecia Traumatic alopecia Tumor alopecia Hot comb alopecia Perifolliculitis capitis abscedens et suffodiens Graham-Little syndrome Folliculitis decalvans ungrouped: Triangular alopecia Frontal fibrosing alopecia Marie Unna hereditary hypotrichosis Hypertrichosis Hirsutism Acquired localised generalised patterned Congenital generalised localised X-linked Prepubertal Acneiform eruption Acne Acne vulgaris Acne conglobata Acne miliaris necrotica Tropical acne Infantile acne / Neonatal acne Excoriated acne Acne fulminans Acne medicamentosa (e.g., steroid acne ) Halogen acne Iododerma Bromoderma Chloracne Oil acne Tar acne Acne cosmetica Occupational acne Acne aestivalis Acne keloidalis nuchae Acne mechanica Acne with facial edema Pomade acne Acne necrotica Blackhead Lupus miliaris disseminatus faciei Rosacea Perioral dermatitis Granulomatous perioral dermatitis Phymatous rosacea Rhinophyma Blepharophyma Gnathophyma Metophyma Otophyma Papulopustular rosacea Lupoid rosacea Erythrotelangiectatic rosacea Glandular rosacea Gram-negative rosacea Steroid rosacea Ocular rosacea Persistent edema of rosacea Rosacea conglobata variants Periorificial dermatitis Pyoderma faciale Ungrouped Granulomatous facial dermatitis Idiopathic facial aseptic granuloma Periorbital dermatitis SAPHO syndrome Follicular cysts " Sebaceous cyst " Epidermoid cyst Trichilemmal cyst Steatocystoma simplex multiplex Milia Inflammation Folliculitis Folliculitis nares perforans Tufted folliculitis Pseudofolliculitis barbae Hidradenitis Hidradenitis suppurativa Recurrent palmoplantar hidradenitis Neutrophilic eccrine hidradenitis Ungrouped Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex Acroosteolysis Bubble hair deformity Disseminate and recurrent infundibulofolliculitis Erosive pustular dermatitis of the scalp Erythromelanosis follicularis faciei et colli Hair casts Hair follicle nevus Intermittent hair–follicle dystrophy Keratosis pilaris atropicans Kinking hair Koenen's tumor Lichen planopilaris Lichen spinulosus Loose anagen syndrome Menkes kinky hair syndrome Monilethrix Parakeratosis pustulosa Pili ( Pili annulati Pili bifurcati Pili multigemini Pili pseudoannulati Pili torti ) Pityriasis amiantacea Plica neuropathica Poliosis Rubinstein–Taybi syndrome Setleis syndrome Traumatic anserine folliculosis Trichomegaly Trichomycosis axillaris Trichorrhexis ( Trichorrhexis invaginata Trichorrhexis nodosa ) Trichostasis spinulosa Uncombable hair syndrome Wooly hair nevus Sweat glands Eccrine Miliaria Colloid milium Miliaria crystalline Miliaria profunda Miliaria pustulosa Miliaria rubra Occlusion miliaria Postmiliarial hypohidrosis Granulosis rubra nasi Ross’ syndrome Anhidrosis Hyperhidrosis Generalized Gustatory Palmoplantar Apocrine Body odor Chromhidrosis Fox–Fordyce disease Sebaceous Sebaceous hyperplasia What causes blackheads, Treatment and PreventionLIPH, NEK9, LRP1, LPAR6, ERBB2, TP53, ESR1, PGR, S100A7, HSPB3, SET, UVRAG, VWF, TP63, DYNLL1, P4HA2, PARP1, THOC1, TXNIP, HPSE, CKAP4, RASSF1, BRMS1, CD274, PSENEN, INTS2, LOC102723407, S100B, LGMN, S100A1, RPE65, BCL2, BRCA1, CD79A, CISH, COL11A2, CTSV, CYC1, DEFB1, EGF, EGFR, ERBB3, FGF3, HSPB1, HSPB2, IL1B, KRT5, KRT10, LGALS3, NME1, OTC, CCND1, LOC102724971
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Wikipedia
This postinfective syndrome has consequently been termed "postinfectious IBS" (IBS-PI). ... "Treatment level 1" . Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Diagnosis and Clinical Management (First ed.). ... "New insights into irritable bowel syndrome: from pathophysiology to treatment" . ... PMID 17040359 . ^ Sperber AD, Dekel R (April 2010). "Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Co-morbid Gastrointestinal and Extra-gastrointestinal Functional Syndromes" . ... "Guidelines on the irritable bowel syndrome: mechanisms and practical management" .IL10, TPSAB1, MAGI2, CRHR1, CRHR2, HTR7, NOS3, MLXIPL, PDIA3, IKBKG, RPSA, TRPV1, ACAD8, TNF, SLC6A4, IL6, TNFSF15, POMC, IL1B, SPATA5, CRH, NOD2, TPH1, HTR3A, GCG, BDNF, CXCL8, COMT, SI, F2RL1, CNR1, NGF, OPN1SW, GNB3, IL1A, C1QL1, IL17A, TAC1, TLR4, IFNG, SCN5A, GLP1R, VCL, IL23R, OR2AG1, GUCY2C, TRPV4, ITGAX, PRSS3, PYY, IL13, MUC1, NLRP6, ETFA, MIR29A, STIN2-VNTR, NR3C1, TPMT, TGFB1, HP, VIP, CXCL12, LINC02210-CRHR1, FAAH, SST, ATG16L1, ZGLP1, GPBAR1, NKX2-3, IL18, IL2RA, KRT8, HTR4, LOC110806262, HTR2A, HLA-B, IL4, FGF19, LCT, TLR2, DLG5, CLDN1, APLN, NR1I2, CXCR4, XDH, TBC1D9, SYNM, NEUROG3, FOXP3, TLR5, TREM1, MPO, EHMT1, S100A10, RET, RARRES2, PTPN2, PTGS2, TPH2, SERPINA1, ABCB1, NPR3, NPY, PRKCD, CLEC11A, GHSR, FGFR4, GDNF, F2R, ESR1, GJA1, FAP, CHGA, CDH1, CNR2, CD14, CRP, MAGEC2, HSPA14, AQP1, GRIN2B, AQP3, IBD5, IBD4, NXPH1, TBX21, SCG3, SETD2, FLVCR1, REM1, AQP6, IL23A, ARSA, GSDMB, LGR6, BIRC2, KIR2DL5A, PELI1, ACKR3, KCNQ5, NSFL1C, LANCL2, NUDT15, GDE1, PACC1, ANO1, SLC52A1, XIAP, TUG1, KRT20, AQP8, TLR9, IGLV5-48, APOL2, PTPN22, BCLAF1, UBD, ABCC4, EBI3, CELA3A, C3, CAD, CALCA, HDAC4, SUMF2, NAPSA, ITM2B, ADIPOQ, SLC9A3R1, CALCR, LPAR2, KCNQ4, CXCR6, TNFSF13B, TRAF3IP2, PLK2, PART1, GAS5, CADM1, LPAR3, SIRT1, BCL2, ACSBG1, TNFRSF17, SSPO, MAST3, DKK1, COPE, AKAP13, BRS3, CCR9, SLC5A7, GORASP1, PROK2, MIR10A, MIR24-1, MIR22, MIR181C, MIR155, MIR150, MIR132, MIR130B, MIR106A, VN1R17P, IRGM, CELIAC2, HTR3E, NEAT1, MRGPRX1, STH, GPRC6A, ADRA1A, GPR166P, CT83, IBD20, ADCY1, MTCO2P12, ADORA2A, CBSL, IFNG-AS1, PSC, OCLN, ADORA2B, MIR148B, KRT8P3, H3P37, LINC00273, MIR510, MIR490, KIR2DL5B, MIR342, LTO1, ADRA2A, PIEZO2, HAVCR2, SSX2IP, FCRL3, NLRP3, PRDM6, MYLK3, FATE1, MYLK2, MAP1LC3B, MRGPRX3, COL18A1, AKR1B1, NLRX1, SLC52A2, WNK1, CLDN2, ANK1, MRGPRX2, MRGPRX4, ADRA2B, CDAN1, OXER1, AGA, KLB, AGER, ANKRD30BP2, AHSG, IL34, PWAR1, EXOSC6, AIF1, SIRPA, RNF183, GPR151, RBM45, NMS, ALCAM, CAMP, CASR, F2RL3, MOS, MYLK, ESR2, MTHFR, COX2, MST1, MSI1, F2, MMP9, LRP5, MMP2, MME, MLH1, MIF, KITLG, MCM6, MBL2, CEACAM6, NCF2, NELL1, NFKBIA, SLC25A3, SLC26A2, CFP, PEPD, PRDX1, P2RY2, P2RY1, OXTR, OXT, OPRK1, EDNRA, EGR1, EPHB2, NOS2, NOS1, CYP4F3, LCN2, PIK3CA, HSD11B1, GLUL, GNRH1, HTR2B, GOT2, HTR1B, HSPD1, HSD11B2, CXCR3, FABP4, HMGB1, HLA-DRB1, GPR42, HIF1A, HGD, GRIA1, GRIN2A, GLI1, GLB1, GJB2, IL1RN, KIF22, KIT, KIR3DS1, KIR2DS5, KIR2DS1, FDXR, ISG20, ING1, FUS, FYN, GATA3, IL9, GFRA3, CBLIF, IL2, DMD, PIK3CB, KALRN, CGA, TST, CD80, CD68, CDC42, TNFRSF1B, CDKN3, CFL1, THOP1, SYT1, THAS, TH, TGFBR2, TG, TFRC, TFF3, TESK1, MS4A1, VEGFA, EZR, BEST1, TRPA1, ENDOU, PER2, CASP3, GRM7, IL18R1, TNFRSF25, CAT, FZD4, CDR3, RUNX3, CBS, XBP1, WNT1, CCK, CHRNA5, STAT6, PIK3CD, PRTN3, CTSL, RAN, MOK, RAC2, CTSS, CX3CR1, CYP2B6, ACE, ST14, PRSS1, DECR1, PON1, DMBT1, PLEK, PKM, PIK3CG, RELA, CTSB, S100A8, S100A9, SSTR4, CLCN5, SOD1, SNRPB, SLC11A1, SLC9A1, SLC6A2, CLDN7, CRHBP, CXCL11, CCL16, CCL11, SCT, ADA, CSF2RA, ACHE