-
Polyposis Of Gastric Fundus Without Polyposis Coli
Omim
This finding was initially described by Japanese investigators as gastric lesions of familial polyposis coli and Gardner syndrome (Utsunomiya et al., 1974; Watanabe et al., 1978). ... During a follow-up period of 11 years, no polyps were detected in the antrum, pylorus, duodenum, or colon in the 3 patients, and no extra-alimentary manifestations of Gardner syndrome were found. Lab - Proliferation of fundic glands and cystically dilated glandular ducts - No polyposis coli GI - Small, sessile polyps of gastric body and fundus Inheritance - Autosomal dominant ▲ Close
-
Short Stature, Mental Retardation, Callosal Agenesis, Heminasal Hypoplasia, Microphthalmia, And Atypical Clefting
Omim
The authors suggested that these patients might represent a newly recognized syndrome with heminasal aplasia and ocular anomalies, or they might represent a wider spectrum of the heminasal aplasia/atypical clefting syndrome.
-
Midline Malformations, Multiple, With Limb Abnormalities And Hypopituitarism
Omim
The disorder shared some overlapping features, including short limbs, with the hydrolethalus syndrome (236680) and the pseudotrisomy 13 syndrome (264480), but the sibs did not have have renal or gastrointestinal anomalies or preaxial or postaxial polydactyly.
-
Deletion 5q35
Orphanet
Deletion 5q35 refers to the different congenital malformation syndromes resulting from deletions of variable extent of the terminal part of the long arm of chromosome 5 (5q), spanning the region from 5q35.1 to 5q35.3 . The most significant anomaly is a recurring deletion in 5q35.2 comprising the NSD1 gene that causes Sotos syndrome that is characterized by cardinal features including excessive growth during childhood, macrocephaly, distinctive facial gestalt and various degrees of learning difficulty.
-
Glomeruloid Hemangioma
Wikipedia
Glomeruloid hemangioma is a distinctive vascular tumor first described in 1990 when found to be associated with POEMS syndrome and Castleman disease . [1] : 595 [2] See also [ edit ] List of cutaneous conditions References [ edit ] ^ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). ... ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1 . v t e Tumours of blood vessels Blood vessel Hemangiosarcoma Blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome Hemangioendothelioma Composite Endovascular papillary Epithelioid Kaposiform Infantile Retiform ) Spindle cell Proliferating angioendotheliomatosis Hemangiopericytoma Venous lake Kaposi's sarcoma African cutaneous African lymphadenopathic AIDS-associated Classic Immunosuppression-associated Hemangioblastoma Hemangioma Capillary Cavernous Glomeruloid Microvenular Targeted hemosiderotic Angioma Cherry Seriginosum Spider Tufted Universal angiomatosis Angiokeratoma of Mibelli Angiolipoma Pyogenic granuloma Lymphatic Lymphangioma / lymphangiosarcoma Lymphangioma circumscriptum Acquired progressive lymphangioma PEComa Lymphangioleiomyomatosis Cystic hygroma Multifocal lymphangioendotheliomatosis Lymphangiomatosis Either Angioma / angiosarcoma Angiofibroma This Dermal and subcutaneous growths article is a stub .
-
Srb's Anomaly
Wikipedia
Congenital fusion of the first and second ribs Srb's anomaly Differential diagnosis Klippel–Feil syndrome Srb's anomaly is the clinical condition describing synostosis , or fusion, between the first and second ribs. [1] [2] It may be either a partial or complete fusion between the two ribs to create an entirely indistinguishable new rib. [3] Srb's anomaly is commonly seen in people with Klippel–Feil syndrome . [4] References [ edit ] ^ Yochum, Terry R. (2004). essentials of skeletal radiology .
-
Muscular Dystrophy, Congenital, Merosin-Positive
Gard
Historically, congenital muscular dystrophies were classified in two broad groups: Classic CMD (which included the Merosin-deficient CMD and the Merosin-positive CMD) and the CMD with central nervous system (CNS) abnormalities ( Fukuyama CMD , muscle-eye-brain disease and Walker-Warburg syndrome ). Therefore, merosin-positive congenital muscle dystrophy (CMD) is now considered an old term which refers to a group of diseases without structural brain abnormalities that are caused by a variety of gene mutations, resulting in protein defects that do not affect the merosin protein. It usually has a milder phenotype than the merosin-negative CMD dystrophy group and includes, among others: Classic CMD without distinguishing features Rigid spine syndrome associated with mutations in the selenoprotein N1 gene ( SEPN1 ) CMD with hyperextensible distal joints ( Ullrich type ) CMD with intellectual disability or sensory abnormalities.
-
Iridoplegia
Wikipedia
Etiology [ edit ] Iridoplegia has been reported in association with Guillain-Barré syndrome . [2] References [ edit ] ^ Harrison's neurology in clinical medicine . ... "Iridoplegia in severe Guillain-Barre syndrome" . Archives of Disease in Childhood . 77 (1): 91–91. doi : 10.1136/adc.77.1.91a .
-
Microorchidism
Wikipedia
The condition is associated with (and often secondary to) a number of other genetic disorders, including Klinefelter's Syndrome and Prader-Willi syndrome, as well as other multiple malformation disorders.
-
Dryness (Medical)
Wikipedia
It is possible to have dry eyes without any other signs or symptoms, but this usually causes a syndrome of eye symptoms called keratoconjunctivitis sicca . More generalized dryness can be caused by e.g. dehydration (that is, more general loss of body fluids ), [1] anticholinergic drugs and Sjögren syndrome . References [ edit ] ^ thefreedictionary.com > dehydration citing: Dorland's Medical Dictionary for Health Consumers. © 2007 The American Heritage® Medical Dictionary Copyright © 2007 Mosby's Medical Dictionary, 8th edition. © 2009 Mosby's Dental Dictionary, 2nd edition. © 2008 This medical symptom article is a stub .
-
Tandem Gait
Wikipedia
Profoundly affected tandem gait with no other perceptible deficits is a defining feature of posterior vermal split syndrome . [1] Suspects may also be asked to perform a tandem gait walk during the "walk and turn" part of a field sobriety test . [2] References [ edit ] ^ Bastian, AJ; Mink, JW; Kaufman, BA; Thach, WT (October 1998). "Posterior vermal split syndrome". Annals of Neurology . 44 (4): 601–10. doi : 10.1002/ana.410440405 .
-
Alacrima
Wikipedia
Alacrima Specialty Ophthalmology Differential diagnosis Triple-A syndrome Alacrima refers to an abnormality in tear production that could mean reduced tear production or absent tear production. Because a lack of tears presents in only in a few rare disorders, it aids in diagnosis of these disorders, including Triple-A syndrome and NGLY1 deficiency . [1] [2] [3] Alacrima can be formally diagnosed through a Schirmer's test .
-
Macrocytosis, Familial
Omim
Clinical Features Macrocytosis (large erythrocytes) is commonly associated with anemia and megaloblastosis in vitamin B12 or folate deficiency, cytotoxic drug treatment, and genetic disorders such as orotic aciduria (258900), Imerslund-Grasbeck syndrome (261100), and Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (308000).
-
Psychogenic Non-Epileptic Seizure
Wikipedia
External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : F44.5 ICD - 9-CM : 300.11 , 780.39 External resources eMedicine : article/1184694 v t e Mental and behavioral disorders Adult personality and behavior Gender dysphoria Ego-dystonic sexual orientation Paraphilia Fetishism Voyeurism Sexual maturation disorder Sexual relationship disorder Other Factitious disorder Munchausen syndrome Intermittent explosive disorder Dermatillomania Kleptomania Pyromania Trichotillomania Personality disorder Childhood and learning Emotional and behavioral ADHD Conduct disorder ODD Emotional and behavioral disorders Separation anxiety disorder Movement disorders Stereotypic Social functioning DAD RAD Selective mutism Speech Stuttering Cluttering Tic disorder Tourette syndrome Intellectual disability X-linked intellectual disability Lujan–Fryns syndrome Psychological development ( developmental disabilities ) Pervasive Specific Mood (affective) Bipolar Bipolar I Bipolar II Bipolar NOS Cyclothymia Depression Atypical depression Dysthymia Major depressive disorder Melancholic depression Seasonal affective disorder Mania Neurological and symptomatic Autism spectrum Autism Asperger syndrome High-functioning autism PDD-NOS Savant syndrome Dementia AIDS dementia complex Alzheimer's disease Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease Frontotemporal dementia Huntington's disease Mild cognitive impairment Parkinson's disease Pick's disease Sundowning Vascular dementia Wandering Other Delirium Organic brain syndrome Post-concussion syndrome Neurotic , stress -related and somatoform Adjustment Adjustment disorder with depressed mood Anxiety Phobia Agoraphobia Social anxiety Social phobia Anthropophobia Specific social phobia Specific phobia Claustrophobia Other Generalized anxiety disorder OCD Panic attack Panic disorder Stress Acute stress reaction PTSD Dissociative Depersonalization disorder Dissociative identity disorder Fugue state Psychogenic amnesia Somatic symptom Body dysmorphic disorder Conversion disorder Ganser syndrome Globus pharyngis Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures False pregnancy Hypochondriasis Mass psychogenic illness Nosophobia Psychogenic pain Somatization disorder Physiological and physical behavior Eating Anorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosa Rumination syndrome Other specified feeding or eating disorder Nonorganic sleep Hypersomnia Insomnia Parasomnia Night terror Nightmare REM sleep behavior disorder Postnatal Postpartum depression Postpartum psychosis Sexual dysfunction Arousal Erectile dysfunction Female sexual arousal disorder Desire Hypersexuality Hypoactive sexual desire disorder Orgasm Anorgasmia Delayed ejaculation Premature ejaculation Sexual anhedonia Pain Nonorganic dyspareunia Nonorganic vaginismus Psychoactive substances, substance abuse and substance-related Drug overdose Intoxication Physical dependence Rebound effect Stimulant psychosis Substance dependence Withdrawal Schizophrenia , schizotypal and delusional Delusional Delusional disorder Folie à deux Psychosis and schizophrenia-like Brief reactive psychosis Schizoaffective disorder Schizophreniform disorder Schizophrenia Childhood schizophrenia Disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia Paranoid schizophrenia Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia Simple-type schizophrenia Other Catatonia Symptoms and uncategorized Impulse control disorder Klüver–Bucy syndrome Psychomotor agitation Stereotypy v t e Seizures and epilepsy Basics Seizure types Aura (warning sign) Postictal state Epileptogenesis Neonatal seizure Epilepsy in children Management Anticonvulsants Investigations Electroencephalography Epileptologist Personal issues Epilepsy and driving Epilepsy and employment Seizure types Focal Seizures Simple partial Complex partial Gelastic seizure Epilepsy Temporal lobe epilepsy Frontal lobe epilepsy Rolandic epilepsy Nocturnal epilepsy Panayiotopoulos syndrome Vertiginous epilepsy Generalised Tonic–clonic Absence seizure Atonic seizure Automatism Benign familial neonatal seizures Lennox–Gastaut syndrome Myoclonic astatic epilepsy Epileptic spasms Status epilepticus Epilepsia partialis continua Complex partial status epilepticus Myoclonic epilepsy Progressive myoclonus epilepsy Dentatorubral–pallidoluysian atrophy Unverricht–Lundborg disease MERRF syndrome Lafora disease Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy Non-epileptic seizure Febrile seizure Psychogenic non-epileptic seizure Related disorders Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy Todd's paresis Landau–Kleffner syndrome Epilepsy in animals Organizations Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy (US) Epilepsy Action (UK) Epilepsy Action Australia Epilepsy Foundation (US) Epilepsy Outlook (UK) Epilepsy Research UK Epilepsy Society (UK)
-
Psychogenic Amnesia
Wikipedia
These gaps involve an inability to recall personal information, usually of a traumatic or stressful nature." [1] In a change from the DSM-IV to the DSM-5, dissociative fugue is now subsumed under dissociative amnesia. [3] The atypical clinical syndrome of the memory disorder (as opposed to organic amnesia) is that a person with psychogenic amnesia is profoundly unable to remember personal information about themselves; there is a lack of conscious self-knowledge which affects even simple self-knowledge, such as who they are. [4] Psychogenic amnesia is distinguished from organic amnesia in that it is supposed to result from a nonorganic cause: no structural brain damage or brain lesion should be evident but some form of psychological stress should precipitate the amnesia, [5] however psychogenic amnesia as a memory disorder is controversial. [6] Contents 1 Definition 2 Cause 2.1 Comparison with organic amnesia 3 Diagnosis 4 Treatments 5 Popular culture 6 See also 7 References 8 External links Definition [ edit ] Psychogenic amnesia is the presence of retrograde amnesia (the inability to retrieve stored memories leading up to the onset of amnesia), and an absence of anterograde amnesia (the inability to form new long term memories). [7] [8] [9] Access to episodic memory can be impeded, [2] while the degree of impairment to short term memory , semantic memory and procedural memory is thought to vary among cases. [4] If other memory processes are affected, they are usually much less severely affected than retrograde autobiographical memory, which is taken as the hallmark of psychogenic amnesia. [4] However the wide variability of memory impairment among cases of psychogenic amnesia raises questions as to its true neuropsychological criteria, as despite intense study of a wide range of cases there is little consensus of which memory deficits are specific to psychogenic amnesia. [6] Past literature [4] has suggested psychogenic amnesia can be 'situation-specific' or 'global-transient', the former referring to memory loss for a particular incident, and the latter relating to large retrograde amnesic gaps of up to many years in personal identity. [4] [10] The most commonly cited examples of global-transient psychogenic amnesia are ' fugue states ', of which there is a sudden retrograde loss of autobiographical memory resulting in impairment of personal identity and usually accompanied by a period of wandering. [6] Suspected cases of psychogenic amnesia have been heavily reported throughout the literature since 1935 where it was reported by Abeles and Schilder. [11] There are many clinical anecdotes of psychogenic or dissociative amnesia attributed to stressors ranging from cases of child sexual abuse [12] to soldiers returning from combat. [1] [13] Cause [ edit ] Neurological cause of psychogenic amnesia is controversial. [4] [6] Even in cases of organic amnesia, where there is lesion or structural damage to the brain, caution must still be taken in defining causation, as only damage to areas of the brain crucial to memory processing is possible to result in memory impairment . [6] Organic causes of amnesia can be difficult to detect, and often both organic cause and psychological triggers can be entangled. [14] Failure to find an organic cause may result in the diagnosis that the amnesia is psychological, [15] however it is possible that some organic causes may fall below a threshold of detection, while other neurological ails are thought to be unequivocally organic (such as a migraine ) even though no functional damage is evident. [6] Possible malingering must also be taken into account. [16] Some researchers [15] have cautioned against psychogenic amnesia becoming a "wastebasket" [15] diagnosis when organic amnesia is not apparent. ... Current Directions in Psychological Science . 6 (5): 148–152. doi : 10.1111/1467-8721.ep10772916 . ^ a b c d e f g Sargant, W.; Slater, E. (1941). "Amnesic syndromes in war" . Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine . 34 (12): 757–764. doi : 10.1177/003591574103401202 . ^ Kopelman, M. ... External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : F44.0 ICD - 9-CM : 300.1 External resources MedlinePlus : 003257 v t e Human memory Basic concepts Encoding Storage Recall Attention Consolidation Neuroanatomy Types Sensory Echoic Eidetic Eyewitness Haptic Iconic Motor learning Visual Short-term " The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two " Working memory Intermediate Long-term Active recall Autobiographical Explicit Declarative Episodic Semantic Flashbulb Hyperthymesia Implicit Meaningful learning Personal-event Procedural Rote learning Selective retention Tip of the tongue Forgetting Amnesia anterograde childhood post-traumatic psychogenic retrograde transient global Decay theory Forgetting curve Interference theory Memory inhibition Motivated forgetting Repressed memory Retrieval-induced forgetting Selective amnesia Weapon focus Memory errors Confabulation False memory Hindsight bias Imagination inflation List of memory biases Memory conformity Mere-exposure effect Misattribution of memory Misinformation effect Source-monitoring error Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome Research Art of memory Memory and aging Deese–Roediger–McDermott paradigm Exceptional memory Indirect tests of memory Lost in the mall technique Memory disorder Memory implantation Methods used to study memory The Seven Sins of Memory Effects of exercise on memory In society Collective memory Cultural memory False memory syndrome Memory and social interactions Memory sport Politics of memory Shas Pollak World Memory Championships Related topics Absent-mindedness Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model Context-dependent memory Childhood memory Cryptomnesia Effects of alcohol Emotion and memory Exosomatic memory Flashbacks Free recall Involuntary memory Levels-of-processing effect Memory and trauma Memory improvement Metamemory Mnemonic Muscle memory Priming Intertrial Prospective memory Recovered-memory therapy Retrospective memory Sleep and memory State-dependent memory Transactive memory People Robert A. ... Shimamura Andriy Slyusarchuk Larry Squire Susumu Tonegawa Anne Treisman Endel Tulving Robert Stickgold Clive Wearing Psychology portal Philosophy portal v t e Mental and behavioral disorders Adult personality and behavior Gender dysphoria Ego-dystonic sexual orientation Paraphilia Fetishism Voyeurism Sexual maturation disorder Sexual relationship disorder Other Factitious disorder Munchausen syndrome Intermittent explosive disorder Dermatillomania Kleptomania Pyromania Trichotillomania Personality disorder Childhood and learning Emotional and behavioral ADHD Conduct disorder ODD Emotional and behavioral disorders Separation anxiety disorder Movement disorders Stereotypic Social functioning DAD RAD Selective mutism Speech Stuttering Cluttering Tic disorder Tourette syndrome Intellectual disability X-linked intellectual disability Lujan–Fryns syndrome Psychological development ( developmental disabilities ) Pervasive Specific Mood (affective) Bipolar Bipolar I Bipolar II Bipolar NOS Cyclothymia Depression Atypical depression Dysthymia Major depressive disorder Melancholic depression Seasonal affective disorder Mania Neurological and symptomatic Autism spectrum Autism Asperger syndrome High-functioning autism PDD-NOS Savant syndrome Dementia AIDS dementia complex Alzheimer's disease Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease Frontotemporal dementia Huntington's disease Mild cognitive impairment Parkinson's disease Pick's disease Sundowning Vascular dementia Wandering Other Delirium Organic brain syndrome Post-concussion syndrome Neurotic , stress -related and somatoform Adjustment Adjustment disorder with depressed mood Anxiety Phobia Agoraphobia Social anxiety Social phobia Anthropophobia Specific social phobia Specific phobia Claustrophobia Other Generalized anxiety disorder OCD Panic attack Panic disorder Stress Acute stress reaction PTSD Dissociative Depersonalization disorder Dissociative identity disorder Fugue state Psychogenic amnesia Somatic symptom Body dysmorphic disorder Conversion disorder Ganser syndrome Globus pharyngis Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures False pregnancy Hypochondriasis Mass psychogenic illness Nosophobia Psychogenic pain Somatization disorder Physiological and physical behavior Eating Anorexia nervosa Bulimia nervosa Rumination syndrome Other specified feeding or eating disorder Nonorganic sleep Hypersomnia Insomnia Parasomnia Night terror Nightmare REM sleep behavior disorder Postnatal Postpartum depression Postpartum psychosis Sexual dysfunction Arousal Erectile dysfunction Female sexual arousal disorder Desire Hypersexuality Hypoactive sexual desire disorder Orgasm Anorgasmia Delayed ejaculation Premature ejaculation Sexual anhedonia Pain Nonorganic dyspareunia Nonorganic vaginismus Psychoactive substances, substance abuse and substance-related Drug overdose Intoxication Physical dependence Rebound effect Stimulant psychosis Substance dependence Withdrawal Schizophrenia , schizotypal and delusional Delusional Delusional disorder Folie à deux Psychosis and schizophrenia-like Brief reactive psychosis Schizoaffective disorder Schizophreniform disorder Schizophrenia Childhood schizophrenia Disorganized (hebephrenic) schizophrenia Paranoid schizophrenia Pseudoneurotic schizophrenia Simple-type schizophrenia Other Catatonia Symptoms and uncategorized Impulse control disorder Klüver–Bucy syndrome Psychomotor agitation Stereotypy
-
Gastritis
Wikipedia
External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : K29.0 - K29.7 ICD - 9-CM : 535.0 - 535.5 MeSH : D005756 DiseasesDB : 34500 External resources MedlinePlus : 001150 eMedicine : emerg/820 med/852 v t e Diseases of the digestive system Upper GI tract Esophagus Esophagitis Candidal Eosinophilic Herpetiform Rupture Boerhaave syndrome Mallory–Weiss syndrome UES Zenker's diverticulum LES Barrett's esophagus Esophageal motility disorder Nutcracker esophagus Achalasia Diffuse esophageal spasm Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) Esophageal stricture Megaesophagus Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis Stomach Gastritis Atrophic Ménétrier's disease Gastroenteritis Peptic (gastric) ulcer Cushing ulcer Dieulafoy's lesion Dyspepsia Pyloric stenosis Achlorhydria Gastroparesis Gastroptosis Portal hypertensive gastropathy Gastric antral vascular ectasia Gastric dumping syndrome Gastric volvulus Buried bumper syndrome Gastrinoma Zollinger–Ellison syndrome Lower GI tract Enteropathy Small intestine ( Duodenum / Jejunum / Ileum ) Enteritis Duodenitis Jejunitis Ileitis Peptic (duodenal) ulcer Curling's ulcer Malabsorption : Coeliac Tropical sprue Blind loop syndrome Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome Whipple's Short bowel syndrome Steatorrhea Milroy disease Bile acid malabsorption Large intestine ( Appendix / Colon ) Appendicitis Colitis Pseudomembranous Ulcerative Ischemic Microscopic Collagenous Lymphocytic Functional colonic disease IBS Intestinal pseudoobstruction / Ogilvie syndrome Megacolon / Toxic megacolon Diverticulitis / Diverticulosis / SCAD Large and/or small Enterocolitis Necrotizing Gastroenterocolitis IBD Crohn's disease Vascular : Abdominal angina Mesenteric ischemia Angiodysplasia Bowel obstruction : Ileus Intussusception Volvulus Fecal impaction Constipation Diarrhea Infectious Intestinal adhesions Rectum Proctitis Radiation proctitis Proctalgia fugax Rectal prolapse Anismus Anal canal Anal fissure / Anal fistula Anal abscess Hemorrhoid Anal dysplasia Pruritus ani GI bleeding Blood in stool Upper Hematemesis Melena Lower Hematochezia Accessory Liver Hepatitis Viral hepatitis Autoimmune hepatitis Alcoholic hepatitis Cirrhosis PBC Fatty liver NASH Vascular Budd–Chiari syndrome Hepatic veno-occlusive disease Portal hypertension Nutmeg liver Alcoholic liver disease Liver failure Hepatic encephalopathy Acute liver failure Liver abscess Pyogenic Amoebic Hepatorenal syndrome Peliosis hepatis Metabolic disorders Wilson's disease Hemochromatosis Gallbladder Cholecystitis Gallstone / Cholelithiasis Cholesterolosis Adenomyomatosis Postcholecystectomy syndrome Porcelain gallbladder Bile duct / Other biliary tree Cholangitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Secondary sclerosing cholangitis Ascending Cholestasis / Mirizzi's syndrome Biliary fistula Haemobilia Common bile duct Choledocholithiasis Biliary dyskinesia Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Pancreatic Pancreatitis Acute Chronic Hereditary Pancreatic abscess Pancreatic pseudocyst Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Pancreatic fistula Other Hernia Diaphragmatic Congenital Hiatus Inguinal Indirect Direct Umbilical Femoral Obturator Spigelian Lumbar Petit's Grynfeltt-Lesshaft Undefined location Incisional Internal hernia Richter's Peritoneal Peritonitis Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hemoperitoneum Pneumoperitoneum v t e Alcohol and health Alcohol use Alcohol-related crimes Drunk drivers Alcohol-related traffic crashes in the United States Driving under the influence (DUI) Drunk driving in the United States Public intoxication Rum-running Adulterated moonshine / Denatured alcohol List of methanol poisoning incidents Alcoholism Alcohol and Native Americans Alcoholism in adolescence Alcoholism in family systems Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism College student alcoholism Disease theory of alcoholism High-functioning alcoholic (HFA) Seeing pink elephants Chemistry Beer chemistry Congener Alcohol congener analysis Ethanol Blood alcohol content Breathalyzer Fusel alcohol Wine chemistry Effects Short-term effects of alcohol consumption Long-term effects of alcohol On memory Subjective response to alcohol Interactions Aging Brain Cancer breast cancer Cortisol Pregnancy Sleep Tolerance / intolerance Weight Beverage-specific Beer: Potomania Red wine: Red wine headache Social issues Alcohol advertising on college campuses Sex Alcohol myopia Alcohol abuse among college students Binge drinking Epidemiology Blackout (alcohol-related amnesia) Blackout Wednesday Drinking game list pregaming Drinking in public Drunk dialing Drunk walking Drunkorexia Dry drunk French paradox Hair of the dog Nightcap Pantsdrunk Passive drinking Binge drinking devices Beer bong Yard of ale Routes of administration Alcohol enema Alcohol inhalation Sconcing Surrogate alcohol Related issues Balconing Suicide History Dionysian Mysteries Dipsomania Gin Craze List of deaths through alcohol Rum ration Speakeasy General Beer day Drinking culture Apéritif and digestif Hangover remedies Health effects of wine Wine and food matching Long-distance race involving alcohol List of countries by alcohol consumption per capita Alcohol consumption by youth in the United States Nip joint Alcohol control Alcohol law Administrative license suspension (ALS) Alcohol packaging warning messages Drunk driving law by country DWI court Field sobriety testing Hip flask defence Ignition interlock device Legal drinking age Age controversy in US Underage drinking in US List of alcohol laws of US Alcohol prohibition List of countries with alcohol prohibition Neo-prohibitionism Temperance movement Sobriety Alcohol detoxification Alcohol-free zone Dry campus United States open-container laws Designated driver Alcohol rehabilitation Drunk tank Managed alcohol program Non-alcoholic drink List of cocktails List of mixed drinks Spritzer Malt drinks Teetotalism Temperance bar Twelve-step groups Al-Anon/Alateen Alcoholics Anonymous (AA): Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACA) Alcohol limitation 0-0-1-3 Alcohol education Alcohol server training FRAMES Dry January Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility Campaigns Get Your Sexy Back Liquor license Low-alcohol drinks Fermented tea Low-alcohol beer Low-alcoholic malt drinks Small beer Measurement Alcoholic spirits measure Standard drink Recommended maximum intake of alcoholic beverages Addiction medicine Disulfiram-like drugs : disulfiram , calcium carbimide , cyanamide . Sulfonic acids : Acamprosate Religion and alcohol Christian views on alcohol alcohol in the Bible Islam and alcohol History Bratt System Related Index of alcohol-related articles Austrian syndrome Ban on caffeinated alcoholic beverages Brief intervention Gateway drug effect Last call Mood disorder Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Self-medication Spins Sober companion Sober living houses Sobering center Town drunk Category Authority control The LNB id 174445 is not valid.TNF, PTGS2, CBLIF, CCL2, NFKBIA, FOXP3, CXCL8, RIPK1, LAMA1, S100A8, TTC37, PRKCD, RASGRP1, LRBA, IL1B, CASP10, SKIV2L, TP53, CLASP1, FAS, FASLG, RNU4ATAC, TLR4, GAST, IL10, IL17A, IL1RN, TGFB1, COX2, CYP2C19, IL1A, IL6, MTCO2P12, EGFR, MUC5AC, TBC1D9, MPO, ABCB1, IL4, DEFB1, MUC1, LEP, MLH1, CDH1, CDKN2A, PSCA, CDX1, MADCAM1, STAT3, CCKBR, MIR155, IL11, HSPD1, EBI3, IGH, DEFB4A, CD44, CAV1, TRBV20OR9-2, SLPI, CASP1, SMOX, MIR490, PLCE1, HSPA14, TERT, TFF2, LTBR, REM1, TLR2, MMP9, NOX1, IL18, NR0B2, HMOX1, SPP1, RBM45, DECR1, MIR146A, SELL, IL33, CSF2, IL32, SOX9, H3P10, HLA-DRB1, ABCB6, CDX2, NOD1, IL18R1, VDR, SPART, KDM1A, G3BP2, ADAM9, ELMO1, SIRT2, ADGRL1, VEGFA, ARID1A, PROM1, ADIPOQ, PTGDR2, BCL10, PSIP1, LGR5, LRPPRC, RPP14, SUB1, CHST2, MSC, LILRB1, CDK2AP2, SOCS3, IL17D, ADGRL2, MIR7-1, RTL10, CLIP4, RABEP2, REG4, TSLP, MUC16, TP53INP1, NOXO1, HT, IL27, MIR150, MIR203A, MIR210, MIR9-1, SMUG1, MIR370, PLF, MIR494, MIR193B, MIR499A, POU5F1P3, POU5F1P4, HOTAIR, DEFB4B, COMMD3-BMI1, LINC02605, H3P8, H3P42, VTCN1, TNFAIP8L2, NOD2, IL21, CHIA, SIGLEC8, HPGDS, LAMTOR2, SETD2, CD274, ZNRD1, DUOX2, IL22, A4GNT, IL23A, SF3B6, GHRL, TXN, MBD3, DUOX1, TLR9, KRT20, UGT1A6, L1TD1, RNF43, DEFB103B, MYDGF, GKN1, RETN, CD177, AICDA, UCN, ABL1, TRAF1, ATN1, FCGR3A, FCGR3B, VEGFD, FKBP4, FLT4, FOS, FOSB, FTL, FUT2, FUT4, GATA6, GHRH, GRN, GTF2H4, HDGF, HGF, HIF1A, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HNF4A, HSPA5, ICAM1, IFNG, IL6ST, IL7, FCER2, DMBT1, TNFRSF1A, DEFA5, AGT, ANXA1, APEX1, ARG1, ARNTL, ATP12A, ATP4A, ATP4B, BAG1, CXCR5, BMI1, KLF5, CACNA1E, CAPG, CAT, CD14, ENTPD1, CD69, CHIT1, CCR6, CRH, CYBA, CYP2C9, CYP3A4, ACE, IL15, CXCL10, PDX1, IREB2, NT5E, ODC1, SERPINE1, SERPINB2, PITX1, POU5F1, PPARG, MAPK3, PRTN3, PTGDS, PTGS1, RB1, AFP, S100A9, CCL5, CCL20, SELE, SHH, SMO, SOD2, SST, STAT1, TFF1, TFRC, TGM2, NOS2, NM, NFKB2, MBL2, IRF4, ITGAX, JUN, JUNB, JUND, KCNH2, KRAS, LCT, LGALS1, LIF, LYZ, CD46, NFKB1, MDH2, MDM2, KITLG, MIP, MMP2, MMP3, MMP7, MMP10, ABCC1, MSH2, NFE2L2, S100A2
-
Kidney Failure
Wikipedia
Disease where the kidneys fail to adequately filter waste products from the blood Kidney failure Other names Renal failure, end-stage renal disease (ESRD), stage 5 chronic kidney disease [1] A hemodialysis machine which is used to replace the function of the kidneys Specialty Nephrology Symptoms Leg swelling , feeling tired, loss of appetite, confusion [2] Complications Acute : Uremia , high blood potassium , volume overload [3] Chronic : Heart disease , high blood pressure, anemia [4] [5] Types Acute kidney failure , chronic kidney failure [6] Causes Acute : Low blood pressure , blockage of the urinary tract , certain medications, muscle breakdown , and hemolytic uremic syndrome . [6] Chronic : Diabetes , high blood pressure , nephrotic syndrome , polycystic kidney disease [6] Diagnostic method Acute : Decreased urine production , increased serum creatinine [3] Chronic : Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) < 15 [1] Treatment Acute : Depends on the cause [7] Chronic : Hemodialysis , peritoneal dialysis , kidney transplant [2] Frequency Acute : 3 per 1,000 per year [8] Chronic : 1 per 1,000 (US) [1] Kidney failure , also known as end-stage kidney disease , is a medical condition in which the kidneys are functioning at less than 15% of normal levels. [2] Kidney failure is classified as either acute kidney failure , which develops rapidly and may resolve; and chronic kidney failure , which develops slowly and can often be irreversible. [6] Symptoms may include leg swelling , feeling tired, vomiting , loss of appetite, and confusion . [2] Complications of acute and chronic failure include uremia , high blood potassium , and volume overload . [3] Complications of chronic failure also include heart disease , high blood pressure , and anemia . [4] [5] Causes of acute kidney failure include low blood pressure , blockage of the urinary tract , certain medications, muscle breakdown , and hemolytic uremic syndrome . [6] Causes of chronic kidney failure include diabetes , high blood pressure , nephrotic syndrome , and polycystic kidney disease . [6] Diagnosis of acute failure is often based on a combination of factors such as decreased urine production or increased serum creatinine . [3] Diagnosis of chronic failure is based on a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of less than 15 or the need for renal replacement therapy . [1] It is also equivalent to stage 5 chronic kidney disease . [1] Treatment of acute failure depends on the underlying cause. [7] Treatment of chronic failure may include hemodialysis , peritoneal dialysis , or a kidney transplant . [2] Hemodialysis uses a machine to filter the blood outside the body. [2] In peritoneal dialysis specific fluid is placed into the abdominal cavity and then drained, with this process being repeated multiple times per day. [2] Kidney transplantation involves surgically placing a kidney from someone else and then taking immunosuppressant medication to prevent rejection . [2] Other recommended measures from chronic disease include staying active and specific dietary changes. [2] In the United States acute failure affects about 3 per 1,000 people a year. [8] Chronic failure affects about 1 in 1,000 people with 3 per 10,000 people newly developing the condition each year. [1] [9] Acute failure is often reversible while chronic failure often is not. [6] With appropriate treatment many with chronic disease can continue working. [2] Contents 1 Classification 1.1 Acute kidney failure 1.2 Chronic kidney failure 1.3 Acute-on-chronic kidney failure 2 Signs and symptoms 3 Causes 3.1 Acute kidney injury 3.2 Chronic kidney failure 3.3 Genetic predisposition 4 Diagnostic approach 4.1 Measurement for CKD 4.2 Use of the term uremia 5 Treatment 5.1 Diet 5.2 Slowing progression 6 References 7 External links Classification [ edit ] See also: Hepatorenal syndrome Kidney failure can be divided into two categories: acute kidney failure or chronic kidney failure . ... People suffering from acute kidney injury require supportive treatment until their kidneys recover function, and they often remain at increased risk of developing future kidney failure. [23] Among the accidental causes of renal failure is the crush syndrome , when large amounts of toxins are suddenly released in the blood circulation after a long compressed limb is suddenly relieved from the pressure obstructing the blood flow through its tissues, causing ischemia . ... "Renal involvement with hantavirus infection (hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome)" . UpToDate . Retrieved 1 January 2013 . ^ Bostrom, M. ... External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : N17 – N19 ICD - 9-CM : 584 – 585 MeSH : D051437 DiseasesDB : 26060 v t e Kidney disease Glomerular disease See Template:Glomerular disease Tubules Renal tubular acidosis proximal distal Acute tubular necrosis Genetic Fanconi syndrome Bartter syndrome Gitelman syndrome Liddle's syndrome Interstitium Interstitial nephritis Pyelonephritis Balkan endemic nephropathy Vascular Renal artery stenosis Renal ischemia Hypertensive nephropathy Renovascular hypertension Renal cortical necrosis General syndromes Nephritis Nephrosis Renal failure Acute renal failure Chronic kidney disease Uremia Other Analgesic nephropathy Renal osteodystrophy Nephroptosis Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac syndrome Diabetes insipidus Nephrogenic Renal papilla Renal papillary necrosis Major calyx / pelvis Hydronephrosis Pyonephrosis Reflux nephropathy v t e Organ failure General Heart failure Respiratory failure Liver failure Acute Chronic Renal failure Acute Chronic Encephalopathy Multiple Multiple organ dysfunction syndromeTLR4, EDN1, ACE, AGT, MYH9, EPO, APOE, GLA, TRPC6, IFNG, CYBA, PPARG, MME, INF2, INS, CYP24A1, LEPR, LMX1B, CFHR5, IDH2, NOX4, IFNA2, KL, IL1B, PPARGC1A, TBXA2R, CD80, MT1A, SLCO4C1, TLR2, HIF1A, SLC22A2, RHCG, PHEX, PARP1, NAMPT, ACMSD, MT2A, UMOD, PKD1, PTH, REN, TGFB1, ALB, LCN2, TNF, MPO, MTHFR, RAPGEF5, CD2AP, APRT, APOL1, FGF23, ACTN4, ADIPOQ, SERPINA5, HNF1B, LPA, CLCN5, SCARB2, IGAN1, CCL2, IL18, ADAMTS13, B2M, HAMP, VDR, AGTR1, NPHS2, NOS3, CST3, CFH, CRP, IL6, UTS2, CASR, BSND, SLC17A5, ADM, LEP, MMP2, AGXT, KLK1, LAMB2, COL4A3, ANPEP, COL4A4, COL4A5, AQP2, COPD, LRSAM1, CLDN16, CNDP1, NT5C1A, PAX2, ABCB1, TSC2, IL1A, PKD2, VEGFA, SLC5A2, CABIN1, FGF21, PODXL, SPP1, LCAT, SERPINE1, NPHP1, TP53, STAT4, MUC1, CD46, NR3C2, LAMA5, PON1, IFNA13, RMND1, F5, STX2, ELANE, EGFR, DSPP, DPP4, IFNA1, CYP3A4, CCR5, BTBD8, C3, BCL2, AVP, MIR499A, ANGPT1, CCR2, ADCYAP1, G6PC, CYP11B2, IL1RN, APLN, EPX, ITGA8, DGKE, SLCO1B3, DESI1, DEGS1, RUVBL1, USO1, FRMD3, NRP1, SLC7A7, SLC9C1, CLDN1, RGN, KLF4, ADGRF5, SLC35G1, CBLL2, GDF15, MTRF1, IQCB1, KLB, TAM, MRPS7, IL34, WT1, IL20, RN7SL263P, MIR499B, TIMM23, ZGLP1, GGTLC4P, BEST1, SOST, UGT1A, VWF, XDH, NXPH1, GGT2, GGTLC3, GGTLC5P, PAX8, SMARCAL1, MIR216A, MIR21, NR4A3, CUBN, SLC26A5, CLDN19, DIANPH, MAP1S, SEC14L2, MUL1, WNK4, KIF3A, SLC2A6, RASSF1, NOD2, BNC2, ADGRL4, TRPV4, SQOR, PADI4, FERMT2, WDR19, SMUG1, FJX1, SUCNR1, SLC2A9, ANKH, ACSS2, PLA2G15, PPP6R3, NAT10, DHX40, ATRNL1, KEAP1, NXF1, RBM45, FBXO32, ACCS, ATP6AP2, GLIS2, PDLIM3, GDF11, SEMA3A, MZB1, KIRREL2, ASRGL1, CCDC51, SLC34A2, PDLIM5, COQ8B, HBS1L, IL17B, CCL27, INVS, SOX18, EHMT1, NLGN3, ADIPOR1, ACTB, UCP2, F3, FN1, FLT1, FLNB, FLII, FLI1, FECH, EYA1, DECR1, ETF1, ESRRG, EPOR, EPHB2, EGR1, DNMT3B, GATA3, GCG, GCNT2, GGT1, CBLIF, GLP1R, GOT1, GPT, GSN, GUCA2A, HAGH, HLA-B, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DRB1, HLF, HP, HSPG2, DLG1, DCN, TTR, APOA1, ATHS, SERPINC1, ARSL, APOH, APOC3, APOA4, ANGPT2, CYP2D6, AMBP, ALPP, AKR1B1, JAG1, ADRB1, ADD1, BMP7, VPS51, CASP6, CAT, CAV1, CD5L, CD6, CD59, CISH, CLCNKB, CCR6, COL4A6, CLDN7, CSF2, CCN2, CTNNB1, CX3CR1, IGF1, IL2, IL2RA, PTH1R, SCT, SALL1, RENBP, RELA, KDM5A, RAC1, PTHLH, CXCR1, PTGS2, PTGS1, PRTN3, MASP1, MAPK1, CTSA, CCL5, CCL20, SDC1, SDC2, SELL, SLPI, SREBF1, SREBF2, TERT, TFPI, TGFBR2, THBD, TIMP1, TIMP2, TM7SF2, TRPC5, TSC1, PLG, PLAU, PKHD1, MMP9, IL10, ILK, ISG20, ITGB1, ITGB2, KCNMB1, KIR2DS4, KNG1, KRT18, LDLR, LYZ, MBL2, MECP2, MEN1, MPV17, PIK3C3, MSH2, MSX2, COX1, COX2, MTX1, MYB, NPY, NPHS1, NPR3, OCRL, SIX6, PRKN, ENPP1, PGF, MTCO2P12
-
Urologic Disease
Wikipedia
Nephritis and nephrosis can give rise to nephritic syndrome and nephrotic syndrome respectively. ... PMID 21404794 . ^ a b c "Interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome fact sheet" . OWH . 16 July 2012. ... "Diagnosis and treatment of interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome: AUA guideline amendment" . The Journal of Urology . 193 (5): 1545–53. doi : 10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.086 . ... "Editor's Comment on Diagnosis and treatment of chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome" . Trends in Urology and Men's Health . 6 (1): 17. doi : 10.1002/tre.434 . ^ Collins MM, Stafford RS, O'Leary MP, Barry MJ (1998). ... External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : N00-N08 , N10-N16 , N17-N19 , N20-N23 , N25-N29 , N30-N39 , N99.0 , N99.1 , R30-R39 MeSH : D014570 v t e Kidney disease Glomerular disease See Template:Glomerular disease Tubules Renal tubular acidosis proximal distal Acute tubular necrosis Genetic Fanconi syndrome Bartter syndrome Gitelman syndrome Liddle's syndrome Interstitium Interstitial nephritis Pyelonephritis Balkan endemic nephropathy Vascular Renal artery stenosis Renal ischemia Hypertensive nephropathy Renovascular hypertension Renal cortical necrosis General syndromes Nephritis Nephrosis Renal failure Acute renal failure Chronic kidney disease Uremia Other Analgesic nephropathy Renal osteodystrophy Nephroptosis Abderhalden–Kaufmann–Lignac syndrome Diabetes insipidus Nephrogenic Renal papilla Renal papillary necrosis Major calyx / pelvis Hydronephrosis Pyonephrosis Reflux nephropathy
-
Fatty Liver Disease
Wikipedia
The rate of progression of fibrosis in NASH is estimated to one per 7 years and 14 years for NAFLD, with an increasing speed. [7] [8] There is a strong relationship between these pathologies and metabolic illnesses (diabetes type II, metabolic syndrome). These pathologies can also affect non-obese people, who are then at a higher risk. [6] Less than 10% of people with cirrhotic alcoholic FLD will develop hepatocellular carcinoma , [9] the most common type of primary liver cancer in adults, but up to 45% people with NASH without cirrhosis can develop hepatocellular carcinoma. [10] The condition is also associated with other diseases that influence fat metabolism . [11] Causes [ edit ] Different stages of liver damage Fatty liver (FL) is commonly associated with metabolic syndrome ( diabetes , hypertension , obesity , and dyslipidemia ), but can also be due to any one of many causes: [12] [13] Alcohol Alcoholism is one of the causes of fatty liver due to production of toxic metabolites like aldehydes during metabolism of alcohol in the liver. ... Acute fatty liver of pregnancy and Reye's syndrome are examples of severe liver disease caused by microvesicular fatty change. [17] The diagnosis of steatosis is made when fat in the liver exceeds 5–10% by weight. [11] [18] [19] Mechanism leading to hepatic steatosis Defects in fatty acid metabolism are responsible for pathogenesis of FLD, which may be due to imbalance in energy consumption and its combustion, resulting in lipid storage, or can be a consequence of peripheral resistance to insulin, whereby the transport of fatty acids from adipose tissue to the liver is increased. [11] [20] Impairment or inhibition of receptor molecules ( PPAR-α , PPAR-γ and SREBP1 ) that control the enzymes responsible for the oxidation and synthesis of fatty acids appears to contribute to fat accumulation. ... PMID 20656090 . ^ Hamaguchi M, Kojima T, Takeda N, Nakagawa T, Taniguchi H, Fujii K, Omatsu T, Nakajima T, Sarui H, Shimazaki M, Kato T, Okuda J, Ida K (November 2005). "The metabolic syndrome as a predictor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease". ... External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : K70 , K76.0 ICD - 9-CM : 571.0 , 571.8 MeSH : D005234 DiseasesDB : 18844 External resources eMedicine : med/775 article/170409 00474 at CHORUS Photo at Atlas of Pathology Healthdirect v t e Diseases of the digestive system Upper GI tract Esophagus Esophagitis Candidal Eosinophilic Herpetiform Rupture Boerhaave syndrome Mallory–Weiss syndrome UES Zenker's diverticulum LES Barrett's esophagus Esophageal motility disorder Nutcracker esophagus Achalasia Diffuse esophageal spasm Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) Esophageal stricture Megaesophagus Esophageal intramural pseudodiverticulosis Stomach Gastritis Atrophic Ménétrier's disease Gastroenteritis Peptic (gastric) ulcer Cushing ulcer Dieulafoy's lesion Dyspepsia Pyloric stenosis Achlorhydria Gastroparesis Gastroptosis Portal hypertensive gastropathy Gastric antral vascular ectasia Gastric dumping syndrome Gastric volvulus Buried bumper syndrome Gastrinoma Zollinger–Ellison syndrome Lower GI tract Enteropathy Small intestine ( Duodenum / Jejunum / Ileum ) Enteritis Duodenitis Jejunitis Ileitis Peptic (duodenal) ulcer Curling's ulcer Malabsorption : Coeliac Tropical sprue Blind loop syndrome Small bowel bacterial overgrowth syndrome Whipple's Short bowel syndrome Steatorrhea Milroy disease Bile acid malabsorption Large intestine ( Appendix / Colon ) Appendicitis Colitis Pseudomembranous Ulcerative Ischemic Microscopic Collagenous Lymphocytic Functional colonic disease IBS Intestinal pseudoobstruction / Ogilvie syndrome Megacolon / Toxic megacolon Diverticulitis / Diverticulosis / SCAD Large and/or small Enterocolitis Necrotizing Gastroenterocolitis IBD Crohn's disease Vascular : Abdominal angina Mesenteric ischemia Angiodysplasia Bowel obstruction : Ileus Intussusception Volvulus Fecal impaction Constipation Diarrhea Infectious Intestinal adhesions Rectum Proctitis Radiation proctitis Proctalgia fugax Rectal prolapse Anismus Anal canal Anal fissure / Anal fistula Anal abscess Hemorrhoid Anal dysplasia Pruritus ani GI bleeding Blood in stool Upper Hematemesis Melena Lower Hematochezia Accessory Liver Hepatitis Viral hepatitis Autoimmune hepatitis Alcoholic hepatitis Cirrhosis PBC Fatty liver NASH Vascular Budd–Chiari syndrome Hepatic veno-occlusive disease Portal hypertension Nutmeg liver Alcoholic liver disease Liver failure Hepatic encephalopathy Acute liver failure Liver abscess Pyogenic Amoebic Hepatorenal syndrome Peliosis hepatis Metabolic disorders Wilson's disease Hemochromatosis Gallbladder Cholecystitis Gallstone / Cholelithiasis Cholesterolosis Adenomyomatosis Postcholecystectomy syndrome Porcelain gallbladder Bile duct / Other biliary tree Cholangitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Secondary sclerosing cholangitis Ascending Cholestasis / Mirizzi's syndrome Biliary fistula Haemobilia Common bile duct Choledocholithiasis Biliary dyskinesia Sphincter of Oddi dysfunction Pancreatic Pancreatitis Acute Chronic Hereditary Pancreatic abscess Pancreatic pseudocyst Exocrine pancreatic insufficiency Pancreatic fistula Other Hernia Diaphragmatic Congenital Hiatus Inguinal Indirect Direct Umbilical Femoral Obturator Spigelian Lumbar Petit's Grynfeltt-Lesshaft Undefined location Incisional Internal hernia Richter's Peritoneal Peritonitis Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis Hemoperitoneum Pneumoperitoneum v t e Alcohol and health Alcohol use Alcohol-related crimes Drunk drivers Alcohol-related traffic crashes in the United States Driving under the influence (DUI) Drunk driving in the United States Public intoxication Rum-running Adulterated moonshine / Denatured alcohol List of methanol poisoning incidents Alcoholism Alcohol and Native Americans Alcoholism in adolescence Alcoholism in family systems Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism College student alcoholism Disease theory of alcoholism High-functioning alcoholic (HFA) Seeing pink elephants Chemistry Beer chemistry Congener Alcohol congener analysis Ethanol Blood alcohol content Breathalyzer Fusel alcohol Wine chemistry Effects Short-term effects of alcohol consumption Long-term effects of alcohol On memory Subjective response to alcohol Interactions Aging Brain Cancer breast cancer Cortisol Pregnancy Sleep Tolerance / intolerance Weight Beverage-specific Beer: Potomania Red wine: Red wine headache Social issues Alcohol advertising on college campuses Sex Alcohol myopia Alcohol abuse among college students Binge drinking Epidemiology Blackout (alcohol-related amnesia) Blackout Wednesday Drinking game list pregaming Drinking in public Drunk dialing Drunk walking Drunkorexia Dry drunk French paradox Hair of the dog Nightcap Pantsdrunk Passive drinking Binge drinking devices Beer bong Yard of ale Routes of administration Alcohol enema Alcohol inhalation Sconcing Surrogate alcohol Related issues Balconing Suicide History Dionysian Mysteries Dipsomania Gin Craze List of deaths through alcohol Rum ration Speakeasy General Beer day Drinking culture Apéritif and digestif Hangover remedies Health effects of wine Wine and food matching Long-distance race involving alcohol List of countries by alcohol consumption per capita Alcohol consumption by youth in the United States Nip joint Alcohol control Alcohol law Administrative license suspension (ALS) Alcohol packaging warning messages Drunk driving law by country DWI court Field sobriety testing Hip flask defence Ignition interlock device Legal drinking age Age controversy in US Underage drinking in US List of alcohol laws of US Alcohol prohibition List of countries with alcohol prohibition Neo-prohibitionism Temperance movement Sobriety Alcohol detoxification Alcohol-free zone Dry campus United States open-container laws Designated driver Alcohol rehabilitation Drunk tank Managed alcohol program Non-alcoholic drink List of cocktails List of mixed drinks Spritzer Malt drinks Teetotalism Temperance bar Twelve-step groups Al-Anon/Alateen Alcoholics Anonymous (AA): Adult Children of Alcoholics (ACA) Alcohol limitation 0-0-1-3 Alcohol education Alcohol server training FRAMES Dry January Foundation for Advancing Alcohol Responsibility Campaigns Get Your Sexy Back Liquor license Low-alcohol drinks Fermented tea Low-alcohol beer Low-alcoholic malt drinks Small beer Measurement Alcoholic spirits measure Standard drink Recommended maximum intake of alcoholic beverages Addiction medicine Disulfiram-like drugs : disulfiram , calcium carbimide , cyanamide . Sulfonic acids : Acamprosate Religion and alcohol Christian views on alcohol alcohol in the Bible Islam and alcohol History Bratt System Related Index of alcohol-related articles Austrian syndrome Ban on caffeinated alcoholic beverages Brief intervention Gateway drug effect Last call Mood disorder Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Self-medication Spins Sober companion Sober living houses Sobering center Town drunk CategoryAPOB, LDLR, LEP, SIRT1, PPARA, CYP2E1, UCP2, PTEN, CAT, CYP19A1, ATP7B, PNPLA3, GPT, TNF, MTTP, PPARG, APOE, NFE2L2, SREBF1, FGF21, TLR4, MIR34A, PPARD, SERPINE1, LEPR, NR1H3, ATF4, NR1H4, NR0B2, XBP1, NR1I2, PLIN2, CCL2, SOD1, SLC13A5, MIR17, ANGPTL4, SIRT7, MIR150, SLC2A2, PON1, MIR384, POMC, FOXA1, RIPK3, CXCL8, IFNA2, GPX1, MIR219A1, GPX4, HADHB, HAS3, F2, MIR197, HHEX, DDIT3, SERPINA6, MIR134, MIR139, MIR183, CYP1B1, INS, COL3A1, MIR154, MAT1A, MIR10B, MYC, CEBPB, NEIL1, F2R, CNDP2, MIR148B, MIR320A, BIRC3, MIR503, MIR449C, MIR410, SOD2, GPD1L, NREP, MIR542, DHRS7, STS, ADIPOQ, SLC22A8, ADK, PSMA5, PTMA, CYP7B1, TF, CYCS, NR1D1, SCD, IL6, PPARGC1A, INSR, DGAT2, G6PC, PTGS2, IL10, INSIG1, IL1B, GCK, IL18, ABCA1, MC4R, LGALS3, NQO1, CTSB, HSPA5, ACACA, IL13RA2, CA3, MFN2, PLAU, RELA, ATP5IF1, ACACB, OTC, LRP6, NFKB1, SLC27A4, ABCC2, FIS1, SUOX, TXN, CPS1, IKBKG, OPA1, ABCC3, HNF4A, CIDEC, CPT1A, HFE, PCSK9, LIPA, LIPE, AKT2, PLIN1, BSCL2, SLC25A13, PNPLA2, ABHD5, HNRNPA1, PCK1, SLC22A5, PRDM16, PCK2, ZMPSTE24, HNF1B, ABCG5, LMNA, AGPAT2, CAV1, CAVIN1, CBS, ACADVL, HNRNPA2B1, LMNB2, SLC40A1, TARS2, CLPB, ACAD9, ALDOB, NSMCE2, VCP, CEP19, KCNAB2, XRCC4, MRPS7, ALMS1, DGUOK, DDOST, LDLRAP1, HSD17B4, CNBP, COX15, MLXIPL, GPD1, PHKG2, PHKA2, PGM1, PMM2, LYRM4, POLD1, CD36, BCS1L, RMND1, TM6SF2, TRAPPC11, ATP6AP1, RERE, PTRH2, ABCG8, SKI, LARS1, MARS1, SAR1B, HADH, SLC17A5, FARSB, ETFA, GABRD, FBP1, FOS, FASN, ACADL, ETFDH, POLR3A, ETFB, TMEM199, ACADM, FABP1, IFNL3, GGTLC1, PRKAA1, GGT1, GCG, LOC102724197, PRKAB1, PRKAA2, GGT2, GGTLC3, GGTLC4P, DPP4, GGTLC5P, CRP, GABPA, AHSG, ALB, MBOAT7, SERPINA1, MIR122, GCKR, ALDH2, SIRT6, FETUB, EGFR, APOC3, CNR1, SHBG, FBL, STAT3, PIK3CG, PIK3CA, PIK3CD, PIK3CB, APOA1, TGFB1, AHR, APRT, GLP1R, ADIPOR1, EPO, ERN1, MAP3K5, CHPT1, KRT18, SLC5A2, XPR1, MFAP1, VDR, G0S2, TFEB, LCN2, DGAT1, SREBF2, PPP1R3B, APOD, EGR1, FLII, SCP2, CEBPA, NAMPT, LINC01194, AQP7, ANGPTL8, FOXO1, CETP, MUC1, ESR1, FGL1, NR3C2, AFP, NLRP3, IKBKB, NRG4, FFAR1, LPIN1, LYPLAL1, SIRT3, MLYCD, HIF1A, HMGB1, AKT1, GH1, GFER, FGF19, TRPV1, IGF1, RETN, AKR1B1, KHK, ACLY, CPT2, HAVCR1, CES2, PRL, BHMT, MAP2K1, MAPK8, TP63, TNFRSF1A, TFF3, CREG1, PPID, HNRNPA1P10, PEMT, BDNF, HDAC3, ZGLP1, POSTN, LINC01672, SELENBP1, MAP3K7, USP10, LPAR2, AIRE, MIR33A, SMUG1, ACOX1, CCL4, CASP8, NR1I3, VLDLR, SMPD1, FAS, UCP1, MTCO2P12, ADAMTS13, STAM, SFRP5, SETMAR, CCR2, NUDT11, FGF23, ARID1A, ANGPTL3, BCAP31, PRMT3, CXCR6, EIF2AK3, CCND1, RBP4, TP53, RARA, PPIF, ELANE, MAS1, GIP, KLF6, CD44, C1QTNF5, MTOR, G6PD, IRF3, MAP3K8, RTL1, ACE2, COX2, DNASE2, CPT1B, DECR1, HGF, NR4A1, TBL1XR1, MIR141, HMOX1, EHMT1, GPR119, CXCL16, CNTF, IDH2, IGLL1, IFNG, NR3C1, EPAS1, IFNA13, HSD17B13, CYBB, IFNA1, TNFRSF11B, GHSR, HTR2A, E2F1, CMKLR1, FAT1, ADIPOR2, P2RX7, CD40LG, MOGAT1, SIK2, SPPL3, TWIST2, CRTC1, MYDGF, BRD4, DDAH1, ZNF300, ZBTB20, TRPC4AP, MTG1, FANK1, TIPARP, POC1A, NOCT, BAMBI, SLC25A47, BRD1, SDF2L1, SLC7A11, OR10J5, NUP62, NEAT1, NUS1, CD2AP, HSPA12A, PPP1R15A, NADK2, SULF1, NES, CCDC80, PNPLA6, PAQR3, PGRMC1, PPM1K, HPSE, IQGAP2, SLC16A11, PAQR7, SGMS2, CERS1, GPBAR1, EBP, ADIPQTL3, JAZF1, CELF1, KHDRBS1, MLKL, IGF2BP2, TXNIP, ERLIN1, SORBS1, FNDC5, ERFE, CERS6, DUSP12, SARM1, PPARGC1B, PHLPP2, FBXO3, KDM4B, SIRT2, S100A16, MGLL, SESN3, USP18, OCLN, RAB40B, APOC4-APOC2, APCDD1, SIK1, NUS1P3, CBSL, LARP1BP2, RNU6-392P, SLC27A5, FERMT2, CKAP4, IL33, LCOR, TBL1Y, TERF2IP, AGGF1, PRM3, NMRK1, RETSAT, TRPV4, ALOXE3, EGLN1, DLL4, CCHCR1, TOLLIP, PLIN5, CARD6, FAM3B, ELOVL5, MIR149, MIR132, SMOC2, ARID4B, GHRL, MIR130A, TMBIM1, ATG3, MID1IP1, CWF19L1, LAPTM4B, EIF2AK4, MIR200C, SPHK2, ACKR3, SMURF1, MIR203A, MIR21, CRTC2, MIR30C1, MIR30C2, GPAM, CMAS, SUGP1, MIR192, CCAR2, ACSS2, ACOT13, HAMP, NLRP2, MIOX, RBM38, CREBZF, DEPTOR, RTRAF, MIR367, REPIN1, TBK1, MFRP, SETD2, KLF15, MCTS1, CHKB-CPT1B, MALAT1, IMMP2L, ASPG, MCAT, RABGEF1, SYVN1, GNMT, INTU, APOM, IRF2BP2, IRGM, ZGPAT, RNU1-1, FFAR4, THEM5, HM13, SPX, MIR378A, NPC1L1, IL25, MIR423, PINK1, FUNDC2, DUSP26, CCL4L1, GOLM1, PLEKHO1, FTO, LEF1, DCTN4, AGPAT1, NLRX1, STEAP4, PPP1R3G, CXADRP1, DELEC1, DHDDS, CERS2, PIF1, SNX10, MIR24-1, SSTR4, ATG7, IGF2, MCHR1, GPR35, GPR42, CXCL1, GTF2H1, GZMB, HADHA, HDAC1, FOXA2, HOXD13, HSD11B1, HSF1, HSPA1A, HSPA1B, ICAM1, GOT2, GNA12, GLUL, FLT1, EIF2S1, ENO2, ESRRA, FABP5, PTK2B, FOXO3, FN1, GLRX, FPR1, GC, GDF1, MSTN, GDNF, GIPR, IFNB1, IGFBP1, NM, IGFBP2, LIM2, LNPEP, LPL, LRP1, CYP4F3, LTF, MCL1, MEN1, MET, MMP9, MPST, MSRA, MT1B, MTHFR, ND3, LECT2, LBP, LAMP1, CXCL10, IGFBP7, IL1A, IL6ST, CXCR2, IL15, IL17A, IRF6, LALBA, IRS1, ITGA1, ITGB2, ITPR2, JAK2, KDR, EDNRA, ATN1, DNMT1, DBP, AOX1, APOC1, APOC4, AQP9, ARNTL, ARR3, ASS1, ATF3, AVP, BCL2A1, CFB, BGLAP, CEACAM1, BID, BLVRA, ANXA6, ANPEP, ANGPT1, ADRB3, ACVR2B, ADH1B, PARP1, ADRA1A, ADRA2B, ADRB2, AGT, AMPD2, AGTR1, AHCY, ABCD1, ALOX12, ALOX5, AMPD1, BMP4, BNIP3, BRS3, CTNNB1, CS, MAPK14, CSF3, NCAN, CTAA1, CTF1, CTSD, CCR7, CXADR, CYP3A4, CYP7A1, CYP8B1, CYP17A1, DAPK3, CP, CMA1, CAPN2, CD68, CASP3, CASR, CD5L, CD14, ENTPD1, CD40, CD69, CLTC, CDK4, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CES1, CHKA, CHUK, MTRR, NNMT, STK25, CCN4, NCOA3, NRIP1, KDM5D, FZD7, SOAT2, NCK2, OGT, PIK3R3, BHLHE40, STC2, IRS2, BECN1, MBTPS1, TNFSF14, GGH, SLC7A5, KMT2D, ST8SIA4, TSN, NR2E1, TM7SF2, TPH1, NR2C2, TRAF3, HSP90B2P, UBE3A, ZFP36, UGCG, UGT2B4, USP4, UVRAG, VDAC1, VEGFA, CFLAR, APLN, NOS1, SQSTM1, HDAC5, PQBP1, CTDSP2, LRPPRC, PSME3, TRIM13, TRIB1, PLIN3, FSTL3, SYCP2, PRMT5, FAM3C, VAV3, CAP1, CREB3, SRA1, GAB2, KEAP1, CD163, EIF2B5, MBD2, SOCS3, MYOM2, HACD1, IL32, GLP2R, IP6K1, FADS2, CCL4L2, H6PD, CLOCK, NOS1AP, KMT2B, TLR3, TIMP3, TFRC, TFAM, PKM, PKNOX1, PLG, PLTP, PTPA, PRKAR1A, PRKD1, MAP2K7, PRTN3, PSMD10, PTBP1, PTN, PTPN1, PTPN6, RAP1A, PIN1, SERPINB6, PEX1, NR4A2, NOS2, NOTCH1, NPC1, NPPC, NTS, NUCB2, OPCML, SERPINF1, P2RY2, PAEP, PDC, PDK4, ENPP1, PDZK1, RARRES1, RARRES2, RBL1, STAR, SPG7, SPINK1, SPINT1, SPP1, SRI, ST14, STK11, SNAP25, TAC1, ADAM17, TBL1X, HNF1A, TCF7L2, TDGF1P3, SP1, SNAI1, REN, S100A10, RENBP, RLN2, ROCK1, RPE65, SORT1, S100A4, CCL5, SLC16A1, SELE, SGK1, SLC1A2, SLC2A4, SLC3A2, SLC4A1, H3P10
-
Luteoma
Wikipedia
If testosterone exposure occurs after the first 12 weeks of pregnancy, no fusion will occur but the clitoris could still be enlarged. [3] The enlarged clitoris usually corrects itself after birth and the abnormally high testosterone levels will decrease as the body produces its own hormones. [3] Risk factors [ edit ] Several conditions predispose a woman to forming a luteoma during pregnancy. Polycystic ovary syndrome is one such condition. [5] This syndrome is associated with high hormone levels and the failure of the ovaries to release an egg during the menstrual cycle , a symptom more often associated with menopause . The high levels of hormones in polycystic ovary syndrome seem to predispose women to forming a luteoma during pregnancy. A characteristic of luteomas is that they grow better in the presence of high levels of hormones that function in normal growth, sexual development, and reproductive function. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome causes an excess of hormones in the body including some of the hormones related to these functions. [11] Women who have already had a luteoma during a previous pregnancy have a higher high risk of having another luteoma. ... Contemporary Endocrinology: Androgen Excess Disorders in Women: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome and Other Disorders, Second Edition . ... PMID 11157413 . ^ Carmina, Enrico; Lobo, Rogerio (1999). "Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS):Arguably the most common endocrinopathy is associated with significant morbidity in women" .