-
Verrucous Carcinoma
Wikipedia
. ^ Chang Gung Med J 2003;26:807-12 Further reading [ edit ] Surgical Treatment of Oral Verrucous Carcinoma by Chung-Jan Kang, MD; Joseph Tung-Chieh Chang1, MD; Tsung-Ming Chen, MD; I-How Chen, MD; Chun-Ta Liao, MD External links [ edit ] eMedicine.com article Classification D ICD-O : M8051/3 MeSH : D018289 External resources eMedicine : derm/452 v t e Glandular and epithelial cancer Epithelium Papilloma / carcinoma Small-cell carcinoma Combined small-cell carcinoma Verrucous carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Basal-cell carcinoma Transitional cell carcinoma Inverted papilloma Complex epithelial Warthin's tumor Thymoma Bartholin gland carcinoma Glands Adenomas / adenocarcinomas Gastrointestinal tract: Linitis plastica Familial adenomatous polyposis pancreas Insulinoma Glucagonoma Gastrinoma VIPoma Somatostatinoma Cholangiocarcinoma Klatskin tumor Hepatocellular adenoma / Hepatocellular carcinoma Urogenital Renal cell carcinoma Endometrioid tumor Renal oncocytoma Endocrine Prolactinoma Multiple endocrine neoplasia Adrenocortical adenoma / Adrenocortical carcinoma Hürthle cell Other/multiple Neuroendocrine tumor Carcinoid Adenoid cystic carcinoma Oncocytoma Clear-cell adenocarcinoma Apudoma Cylindroma Papillary hidradenoma Adnexal and skin appendage sweat gland Hidrocystoma Syringoma Syringocystadenoma papilliferum Cystic, mucinous, and serous Cystic general Cystadenoma / Cystadenocarcinoma Mucinous Signet ring cell carcinoma Krukenberg tumor Mucinous cystadenoma / Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma Pseudomyxoma peritonei Mucoepidermoid carcinoma Serous Ovarian serous cystadenoma / Pancreatic serous cystadenoma / Serous cystadenocarcinoma / Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma Ductal, lobular, and medullary Ductal carcinoma Mammary ductal carcinoma Pancreatic ductal carcinoma Comedocarcinoma Paget's disease of the breast / Extramammary Paget's disease Lobular carcinoma Lobular carcinoma in situ Invasive lobular carcinoma Medullary carcinoma Medullary carcinoma of the breast Medullary thyroid cancer Acinar cell Acinic cell carcinoma v t e Oral and maxillofacial pathology Lips Cheilitis Actinic Angular Plasma cell Cleft lip Congenital lip pit Eclabium Herpes labialis Macrocheilia Microcheilia Nasolabial cyst Sun poisoning Trumpeter's wart Tongue Ankyloglossia Black hairy tongue Caviar tongue Crenated tongue Cunnilingus tongue Fissured tongue Foliate papillitis Glossitis Geographic tongue Median rhomboid glossitis Transient lingual papillitis Glossoptosis Hypoglossia Lingual thyroid Macroglossia Microglossia Rhabdomyoma Palate Bednar's aphthae Cleft palate High-arched palate Palatal cysts of the newborn Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia Stomatitis nicotina Torus palatinus Oral mucosa – Lining of mouth Amalgam tattoo Angina bullosa haemorrhagica Behçet's disease Bohn's nodules Burning mouth syndrome Candidiasis Condyloma acuminatum Darier's disease Epulis fissuratum Erythema multiforme Erythroplakia Fibroma Giant-cell Focal epithelial hyperplasia Fordyce spots Hairy leukoplakia Hand, foot and mouth disease Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis Herpangina Herpes zoster Intraoral dental sinus Leukoedema Leukoplakia Lichen planus Linea alba Lupus erythematosus Melanocytic nevus Melanocytic oral lesion Molluscum contagiosum Morsicatio buccarum Oral cancer Benign: Squamous cell papilloma Keratoacanthoma Malignant: Adenosquamous carcinoma Basaloid squamous carcinoma Mucosal melanoma Spindle cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Verrucous carcinoma Oral florid papillomatosis Oral melanosis Smoker's melanosis Pemphigoid Benign mucous membrane Pemphigus Plasmoacanthoma Stomatitis Aphthous Denture-related Herpetic Smokeless tobacco keratosis Submucous fibrosis Ulceration Riga–Fede disease Verruca vulgaris Verruciform xanthoma White sponge nevus Teeth ( pulp , dentin , enamel ) Amelogenesis imperfecta Ankylosis Anodontia Caries Early childhood caries Concrescence Failure of eruption of teeth Dens evaginatus Talon cusp Dentin dysplasia Dentin hypersensitivity Dentinogenesis imperfecta Dilaceration Discoloration Ectopic enamel Enamel hypocalcification Enamel hypoplasia Turner's hypoplasia Enamel pearl Fluorosis Fusion Gemination Hyperdontia Hypodontia Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis Impaction Wisdom tooth impaction Macrodontia Meth mouth Microdontia Odontogenic tumors Keratocystic odontogenic tumour Odontoma Dens in dente Open contact Premature eruption Neonatal teeth Pulp calcification Pulp stone Pulp canal obliteration Pulp necrosis Pulp polyp Pulpitis Regional odontodysplasia Resorption Shovel-shaped incisors Supernumerary root Taurodontism Trauma Avulsion Cracked tooth syndrome Vertical root fracture Occlusal Tooth loss Edentulism Tooth wear Abrasion Abfraction Acid erosion Attrition Periodontium ( gingiva , periodontal ligament , cementum , alveolus ) – Gums and tooth-supporting structures Cementicle Cementoblastoma Gigantiform Cementoma Eruption cyst Epulis Pyogenic granuloma Congenital epulis Gingival enlargement Gingival cyst of the adult Gingival cyst of the newborn Gingivitis Desquamative Granulomatous Plasma cell Hereditary gingival fibromatosis Hypercementosis Hypocementosis Linear gingival erythema Necrotizing periodontal diseases Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis Pericoronitis Peri-implantitis Periodontal abscess Periodontal trauma Periodontitis Aggressive As a manifestation of systemic disease Chronic Perio-endo lesion Teething Periapical, mandibular and maxillary hard tissues – Bones of jaws Agnathia Alveolar osteitis Buccal exostosis Cherubism Idiopathic osteosclerosis Mandibular fracture Microgenia Micrognathia Intraosseous cysts Odontogenic : periapical Dentigerous Buccal bifurcation Lateral periodontal Globulomaxillary Calcifying odontogenic Glandular odontogenic Non-odontogenic: Nasopalatine duct Median mandibular Median palatal Traumatic bone Osteoma Osteomyelitis Osteonecrosis Bisphosphonate-associated Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis Osteoradionecrosis Osteoporotic bone marrow defect Paget's disease of bone Periapical abscess Phoenix abscess Periapical periodontitis Stafne defect Torus mandibularis Temporomandibular joints , muscles of mastication and malocclusions – Jaw joints, chewing muscles and bite abnormalities Bruxism Condylar resorption Mandibular dislocation Malocclusion Crossbite Open bite Overbite Overeruption Overjet Prognathia Retrognathia Scissor bite Maxillary hypoplasia Temporomandibular joint dysfunction Salivary glands Benign lymphoepithelial lesion Ectopic salivary gland tissue Frey's syndrome HIV salivary gland disease Necrotizing sialometaplasia Mucocele Ranula Pneumoparotitis Salivary duct stricture Salivary gland aplasia Salivary gland atresia Salivary gland diverticulum Salivary gland fistula Salivary gland hyperplasia Salivary gland hypoplasia Salivary gland neoplasms Benign: Basal cell adenoma Canalicular adenoma Ductal papilloma Monomorphic adenoma Myoepithelioma Oncocytoma Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum Pleomorphic adenoma Sebaceous adenoma Malignant: Acinic cell carcinoma Adenocarcinoma Adenoid cystic carcinoma Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma Lymphoma Mucoepidermoid carcinoma Sclerosing polycystic adenosis Sialadenitis Parotitis Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis Sialectasis Sialocele Sialodochitis Sialosis Sialolithiasis Sjögren's syndrome Orofacial soft tissues – Soft tissues around the mouth Actinomycosis Angioedema Basal cell carcinoma Cutaneous sinus of dental origin Cystic hygroma Gnathophyma Ludwig's angina Macrostomia Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome Microstomia Noma Oral Crohn's disease Orofacial granulomatosis Perioral dermatitis Pyostomatitis vegetans Other Eagle syndrome Hemifacial hypertrophy Facial hemiatrophy Oral manifestations of systemic diseaseTP53, CDKN2A, H3P10, MMP26, TP63, SOCS1, ZNRD2, DCTN6, HPSE, CKAP4, RASSF1, LRIG1, TMED7, HCCAT5, MIB1, TICAM2, MIR125A, MIR195, MIR19A, MIR203A, MIR21, MIR31, TMED7-TICAM2, H3P23, UVRAG, CCND1, BCL2, MGMT, CDH1, CDK6, EGFR, ERBB2, IFI27, KRT5, MCM2, MCM7, MDM2, MKI67, SPRR3, MMP1, NOTCH4, MAPK1, PSMD9, PTEN, RAF1, RNASE3, RPE65, SLC2A1, TGFA
-
Hyperinsulinemia
Wikipedia
Hyperinsulinemia is associated with hypertension , obesity , dyslipidemia , and glucose intolerance . [2] These conditions are collectively known as Metabolic syndrome . [3] This close association between hyperinsulinemia and conditions of metabolic syndrome suggest related or common mechanisms of pathogenicity. [2] Hyperinsulinemia has been shown to "play a role in obese hypertension by increasing renal sodium retention". [2] In type 2 diabetes, the cells of the body become resistant to the effects of insulin as the receptors which bind to the hormone become less sensitive to insulin concentrations resulting in hyperinsulinemia and disturbances in insulin release. [4] With a reduced response to insulin, the beta cells of the pancreas secrete increasing amounts of insulin in response to the continued high blood glucose levels resulting in hyperinsulinemia. ... Causes [ edit ] Possible causes include: [ citation needed ] Neoplasm Carbohydrate malabsorption Pancreatic cancer Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) Trans fats [8] Link to obesity [ edit ] Since hyperinsulinemia and obesity are so closely linked it is hard to determine whether hyperinsulinemia causes obesity or obesity causes hyperinsulinemia, or both. [ citation needed ] Obesity is characterized by an excess of adipose tissue – insulin increases the synthesis of fatty acids from glucose, facilitates the entry of glucose into adipocytes and inhibits breakdown of fat in adipocytes. [9] On the other hand, adipose tissue is known to secrete various metabolites , hormones and cytokines that may play a role in causing hyperinsulinemia. [10] Specifically cytokines secreted by adipose tissue directly affect the insulin signalling cascade, and thus insulin secretion. [11] Adiponectins are cytokines that are inversely related to percent body fat; that is people with a low body fat will have higher concentrations of adiponectins where as people with high body fat will have lower concentrations of adiponectins. ... Adipocytes will generate triglycerides in the presence of insulin [23] but refers to a liver condition rather than a pancreatic one. See also [ edit ] Metabolic syndrome (Syndrome X) Acanthosis nigricans References [ edit ] ^ Ballantyne, Sarah, "Is It Paleo? ... "Moleculare mechanism of metabolic syndrome X: contribution of adiposcyte-derived bioactive substances".LEP, CCL2, INSR, MC4R, LEPR, GLUD1, TNF, IRS1, INS, GCG, UCP2, PTPN1, NOS3, GPX1, FOXA2, FBN1, FANCC, CD163, HMOX1, FCGR3B, FANCA, ITGAM, TSC22D3, COL3A1, CD68, CD40, MRC1, ADIPOQ, NEIL1, GIP, ADIPOR2, AGTR1, ADIPOR1, SCD, GFPT1, HNF4A, PRKCQ, PRKCD, IREB2, LIPC, PFKFB1, RPS6KB1, PTEN, NPY5R, SLC27A1, KCNJ11, PPARG, LMNA, POMC, DBH, PLIN1, ALMS1, CAV1, SH2B1, CAVIN1, BSCL2, PCSK1, PMM2, RP9, SEMA4A, SPATA7, AHI1, ASXL2, RP1, PRCD, POMGNT1, PRPF8, RP2, SNORD116-1, RBP3, GUCA1B, ROM1, SLC7A14, TULP1, GCK, RLBP1, RHO, RGR, KLHL7, KIAA1549, AHR, MAGEL2, PWRN1, AGBL5, PRPH2, KIZ, AGPAT2, PRPF4, IDH3A, IDH3B, PDE6A, OFD1, ARHGEF18, IFT172, PRPF31, ABCA4, SERPINE1, FSCN2, PRPF6, CRB1, NRL, NPAP1, NDN, NEK2, ARL2BP, PDE6G, MAK, PDE6B, PMS2, IGF1, IL6, IMPDH1, FOS, MKRN3, IMPG2, SCAPER, PIK3CA, SNRNP200, PIK3CG, IFT88, PIK3CD, PIK3CB, LPL, PROM1, GH1, IPW, USH2A, EYS, ARL6, SNORD115-1, MKRN3-AS1, CA4, IFT140, DHX38, CDHR1, SIM1, C8orf37, REEP6, PWAR1, RDH12, NR2E3, SLC2A4, ABCC8, SNRPN, CLRN1, HGSNAT, HERC2, ZNF513, DIS3L2, CRX, CNGB1, CNGA1, BBS2, FAM161A, CERKL, SAG, RPGR, ZNF408, AKT1, TUB, PRPF3, LRAT, DHDDS, RPE65, DCAF17, ESR1, ARL3, PCARE, TTC8, BEST1, TOPORS, ZMPSTE24, MERTK, GLP1R, CRP, IRS2, IDE, ZGLP1, EHMT1, FGF21, CD59, APOE, APLN, HADH, NR3C1, RETN, FASN, PYY, HK2, VEGFA, PNPLA3, SIRT1, SREBF1, FOXO1, AKT2, SHBG, PTK2B, IL1B, PRL, PPARGC1A, ACE, ABCA1, KL, HNF1A, GHR, REN, AGT, H6PD, PCSK9, TFRC, CEACAM1, FABP2, DPP4, CNR1, SST, TBC1D4, IGF1R, CDKN1C, CETP, IGFBP1, NPY, PPARA, PDX1, IL1A, NFE2L2, UCP3, TLR4, CIB2, UGDH, VIM, SGK1, RBP4, FST, TRPV1, TP53, PRKAA2, TLR2, MAPK8, PRKAA1, CAPN10, PRKCA, STAT1, PRKCZ, STAT3, SOX9, ST3GAL4, SLC5A2, PTPN6, PRKAB1, RAG1, CARTPT, PDK4, PRKCB, AKR1C3, ERN1, CRYL1, ANGPTL4, APOB, IGFBP3, IGFBP2, IGF2, GHRL, CYP19A1, IAPP, QRFP, BGLAP, HSD17B10, GSK3B, ANGPTL8, GPT, FFAR1, JPH3, CD14, GABPA, CD36, ELOVL6, FABP4, ANTXR2, ERBB2, EHHADH, MAPK14, PRRT2, CYBB, CXCL8, APOD, LTA, ADRB3, LOC102723407, MTTP, ALB, MC3R, LDLR, OSR1, SGMS2, TMEM11, TMPRSS6, TNFSF10, BMS1, PEA15, KLF14, UPK3B, MIR99A, HDAC3, VAMP8, APOA5, RN7SL263P, ARHGEF11, PDE5A, NLRP3, CDCA5, SLC23A2, ABCB11, LOC107985770, NR1I3, BECN1, SLC30A8, MIR29A, MIR132, MIR27B, HAP1, EIF2AK4, TRIM72, MGAM, MIR424, MIR449A, MIR21, DELYQ11, MIR15A, SFTPA1, SFTPA2, GLIS3, MIR106B, LINC01194, MALAT1, ENHO, TICAM2, NTN1, CDK5R1, RSPO1, GGPS1, PICK1, TMED7-TICAM2, FTMT, SH3BP4, TRIM63, SCLY, NT5C3A, RALBP1, PRDX3, MLXIPL, PSIP1, KHSRP, TMED7, NOX3, NOX4, DUSP12, KCNIP1, FAIM2, LPIN1, CD274, ANGPTL3, HPGDS, IL37, ARHGEF12, SNX5, SIGLEC7, NOX1, MYCBP, PTPN22, SIRT4, SIRT3, PRKD2, BACE2, SLC39A14, RBFOX2, SNX9, ARID4B, PROK1, HDL3, AKT1S1, ADGRV1, CCDC8, KCNH6, NDC80, ACAD10, LPAL2, MTCH2, TET1, STEAP4, FTO, ASPSCR1, G6PC2, ZNRD2, CIP2A, PNPLA2, KDM3A, OLFM4, SLC30A10, RBFOX1, TXNIP, DCTN6, GNA13, UGT1A1, DLL4, NFAT5, TCFL5, SLC38A2, GPR83, A2M, MOK, BHLHE40, CS, FOSB, FLT1, FKBP5, FGF11, FCN2, FABP3, F3, F2RL2, ELANE, EIF5A, EGR1, DYRK1A, DUSP1, DSPP, ATN1, DYNC1H1, DIO2, DECR1, DDIT3, DBP, CYP17A1, CYP1A2, CUX1, FPR1, NR5A1, GAST, GTF3A, HTR2C, HTR2B, HSD11B1, HES1, HRAS, HMGB1, HLA-DRB1, HIF1A, HCLS1, GYS1, GSN, G6PC, GRB10, GCLM, GCLC, GLB1, GLA, GIPR, MSTN, GDF2, GCHFR, GCGR, CTSH, CREBBP, OGT, CPT1B, AQP1, APP, APOC3, APOC1, APOA2, APEX1, APC, ANXA6, ANXA1, ANGPT1, AMY1C, AMY1B, AMY1A, ALDH2, AHSG, NR0B1, JAG1, AGER, GRK2, PLIN2, ACTB, ACLY, ACACA, AQP3, AQP7, AQP9, CAD, CPT1A, CDK8, CDK4, CDC42, CD63, CD40LG, CCNG2, SERPINA6, CANX, CALCA, DDR1, AR, KLF5, BTC, BMPR2, BMP2, BDNF, CCND1, BCHE, BAX, AVP, ATP2B1, IARS1, IFI27, IFNG, IFNGR1, TCF3, SURF1, SPP1, SP1, SNAP25, SLC2A3, SLC2A1, SI, SFTPC, SFTPB, CXCL12, CCL3, SCNN1A, ROS1, ROCK1, RENBP, RARRES2, RARRES1, RAB5B, PTPRD, PTPRA, PTH, PTGDS, TCF7L2, ZEB1, TDGF1P3, WFS1, KLF11, NR0B2, STK24, GDF5, HMGA2, FGF23, PDHX, CNBP, ZFP36, XBP1, VCAM1, TEK, KDM6A, UCP1, TWIST1, TPO, TPM1, TPD52, TNFRSF1B, TNFRSF1A, TM7SF2, TFPI, PSMD9, MAPK9, PPY, KRT16, MGAT5, MELTF, MEN1, MAPT, SMAD3, MAA, LRP5, LNPEP, LIPE, LECT2, KLK1, MMP12, KCNQ1, KCNJ15, JAK2, IRAK1, IL18, IL12A, IL10, IL4, IL2RB, IGFALS, MIP, MNAT1, PPP2R5B, PAH, PTPA, PPP2R2C, PLTP, PLAU, PKNOX1, PKD1, ENPP1, PCNA, PAX6, PAX4, P2RX7, MPI, NUCB2, NTS, NIT1, NFKBIA, MYLK, RNR1, MTNR1B, MT2A, MT1L, MT1B, H3P23
-
Cradle Cap
Wikipedia
. ^ Nobles, Timothy; Krishnamurthy, Karthik (2019), "Cradle Cap" , StatPearls , StatPearls Publishing, PMID 30285358 , retrieved 2019-08-02 External links [ edit ] Classification D ICD - 10 : L21.0 ICD - 9-CM : 690.11 External resources Patient UK : Cradle cap DermNet dermatitis/cradle-cap v t e Dermatitis and eczema Atopic dermatitis Besnier's prurigo Seborrheic dermatitis Pityriasis simplex capillitii Cradle cap Contact dermatitis ( allergic , irritant ) plants: Urushiol-induced contact dermatitis African blackwood dermatitis Tulip fingers other: Abietic acid dermatitis Diaper rash Airbag dermatitis Baboon syndrome Contact stomatitis Protein contact dermatitis Eczema Autoimmune estrogen dermatitis Autoimmune progesterone dermatitis Breast eczema Ear eczema Eyelid dermatitis Topical steroid addiction Hand eczema Chronic vesiculobullous hand eczema Hyperkeratotic hand dermatitis Autosensitization dermatitis / Id reaction Candidid Dermatophytid Molluscum dermatitis Circumostomy eczema Dyshidrosis Juvenile plantar dermatosis Nummular eczema Nutritional deficiency eczema Sulzberger–Garbe syndrome Xerotic eczema Pruritus / Itch / Prurigo Lichen simplex chronicus / Prurigo nodularis by location: Pruritus ani Pruritus scroti Pruritus vulvae Scalp pruritus Drug-induced pruritus Hydroxyethyl starch-induced pruritus Senile pruritus Aquagenic pruritus Aquadynia Adult blaschkitis due to liver disease Biliary pruritus Cholestatic pruritus Prion pruritus Prurigo pigmentosa Prurigo simplex Puncta pruritica Uremic pruritus Other substances taken internally: Bromoderma Fixed drug reaction Nummular dermatitis Pityriasis alba Papuloerythroderma of Ofuji v t e Infants and their care Health ( Pediatrics ) Baby food Birth weight Breast pump Breastfeeding Breastfeeding and medications Bottle feeding Colic Immunizations Cradle cap Cross eyed Failure to thrive Immunization Infant and toddler safety Infant bathing Infant food safety Infant formula Infant massage Infant food safety Infant nutrition Infant respiratory distress syndrome Infant sleep training Neo-natal intensive care unit Newborn care and safety Oral rehydration therapy Pedialyte Preterm birth Shaken baby syndrome Soy formula Sudden infant death syndrome Breastfeeding and mental health Development Attachment parenting Baby-led weaning Baby talk Babbling Childbirth Congenital disorder Crawling Infant visual development Diaper rash Gestational age Infant cognitive development Kangaroo care Mother Nursery Rhyme Object permanence Parent Parenting Peekaboo Play Prenatal development Prenatal development table Teething Types of crying Walking Weaning Socialization and Culture Attachment Babysitting Child abuse Child custody Child's rights UN Child rights Circumcision Daycare Foster care Grandparent visitation Infant swimming Milk bank Nanny Wet nurse Infant care and equipment Baby bouncer Baby gate Baby monitor / Hidden camera Baby powder Baby shampoo Baby toy Baby walker Bib Baby swing Baby transport Bassinet Car seat safety Cloth diaper Cradle board Diaper Diaper bag Baby wipes Haberman Feeder High chair Infant bed (American 'crib' and 'cradle', British 'cot') Infant carrier Infant clothing Pacifier Playpen Stroller Supplemental nursing system Swaddling Swim diaper Teether Travel cot Other topics Baby shower Babywearing Child neglect Closed adoption Cry room Infant ear piercing Open adoption Prenatal cocaine exposure Neonatal withdrawal syndrome Parental child abduction Parental responsibility Parenting plan Paternity Paternity fraud
-
Tooth Resorption
Wikipedia
External links [ edit ] Classification D MeSH : D014091 v t e Oral and maxillofacial pathology Lips Cheilitis Actinic Angular Plasma cell Cleft lip Congenital lip pit Eclabium Herpes labialis Macrocheilia Microcheilia Nasolabial cyst Sun poisoning Trumpeter's wart Tongue Ankyloglossia Black hairy tongue Caviar tongue Crenated tongue Cunnilingus tongue Fissured tongue Foliate papillitis Glossitis Geographic tongue Median rhomboid glossitis Transient lingual papillitis Glossoptosis Hypoglossia Lingual thyroid Macroglossia Microglossia Rhabdomyoma Palate Bednar's aphthae Cleft palate High-arched palate Palatal cysts of the newborn Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia Stomatitis nicotina Torus palatinus Oral mucosa – Lining of mouth Amalgam tattoo Angina bullosa haemorrhagica Behçet's disease Bohn's nodules Burning mouth syndrome Candidiasis Condyloma acuminatum Darier's disease Epulis fissuratum Erythema multiforme Erythroplakia Fibroma Giant-cell Focal epithelial hyperplasia Fordyce spots Hairy leukoplakia Hand, foot and mouth disease Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis Herpangina Herpes zoster Intraoral dental sinus Leukoedema Leukoplakia Lichen planus Linea alba Lupus erythematosus Melanocytic nevus Melanocytic oral lesion Molluscum contagiosum Morsicatio buccarum Oral cancer Benign: Squamous cell papilloma Keratoacanthoma Malignant: Adenosquamous carcinoma Basaloid squamous carcinoma Mucosal melanoma Spindle cell carcinoma Squamous cell carcinoma Verrucous carcinoma Oral florid papillomatosis Oral melanosis Smoker's melanosis Pemphigoid Benign mucous membrane Pemphigus Plasmoacanthoma Stomatitis Aphthous Denture-related Herpetic Smokeless tobacco keratosis Submucous fibrosis Ulceration Riga–Fede disease Verruca vulgaris Verruciform xanthoma White sponge nevus Teeth ( pulp , dentin , enamel ) Amelogenesis imperfecta Ankylosis Anodontia Caries Early childhood caries Concrescence Failure of eruption of teeth Dens evaginatus Talon cusp Dentin dysplasia Dentin hypersensitivity Dentinogenesis imperfecta Dilaceration Discoloration Ectopic enamel Enamel hypocalcification Enamel hypoplasia Turner's hypoplasia Enamel pearl Fluorosis Fusion Gemination Hyperdontia Hypodontia Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis Impaction Wisdom tooth impaction Macrodontia Meth mouth Microdontia Odontogenic tumors Keratocystic odontogenic tumour Odontoma Dens in dente Open contact Premature eruption Neonatal teeth Pulp calcification Pulp stone Pulp canal obliteration Pulp necrosis Pulp polyp Pulpitis Regional odontodysplasia Resorption Shovel-shaped incisors Supernumerary root Taurodontism Trauma Avulsion Cracked tooth syndrome Vertical root fracture Occlusal Tooth loss Edentulism Tooth wear Abrasion Abfraction Acid erosion Attrition Periodontium ( gingiva , periodontal ligament , cementum , alveolus ) – Gums and tooth-supporting structures Cementicle Cementoblastoma Gigantiform Cementoma Eruption cyst Epulis Pyogenic granuloma Congenital epulis Gingival enlargement Gingival cyst of the adult Gingival cyst of the newborn Gingivitis Desquamative Granulomatous Plasma cell Hereditary gingival fibromatosis Hypercementosis Hypocementosis Linear gingival erythema Necrotizing periodontal diseases Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis Pericoronitis Peri-implantitis Periodontal abscess Periodontal trauma Periodontitis Aggressive As a manifestation of systemic disease Chronic Perio-endo lesion Teething Periapical, mandibular and maxillary hard tissues – Bones of jaws Agnathia Alveolar osteitis Buccal exostosis Cherubism Idiopathic osteosclerosis Mandibular fracture Microgenia Micrognathia Intraosseous cysts Odontogenic : periapical Dentigerous Buccal bifurcation Lateral periodontal Globulomaxillary Calcifying odontogenic Glandular odontogenic Non-odontogenic: Nasopalatine duct Median mandibular Median palatal Traumatic bone Osteoma Osteomyelitis Osteonecrosis Bisphosphonate-associated Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis Osteoradionecrosis Osteoporotic bone marrow defect Paget's disease of bone Periapical abscess Phoenix abscess Periapical periodontitis Stafne defect Torus mandibularis Temporomandibular joints , muscles of mastication and malocclusions – Jaw joints, chewing muscles and bite abnormalities Bruxism Condylar resorption Mandibular dislocation Malocclusion Crossbite Open bite Overbite Overeruption Overjet Prognathia Retrognathia Scissor bite Maxillary hypoplasia Temporomandibular joint dysfunction Salivary glands Benign lymphoepithelial lesion Ectopic salivary gland tissue Frey's syndrome HIV salivary gland disease Necrotizing sialometaplasia Mucocele Ranula Pneumoparotitis Salivary duct stricture Salivary gland aplasia Salivary gland atresia Salivary gland diverticulum Salivary gland fistula Salivary gland hyperplasia Salivary gland hypoplasia Salivary gland neoplasms Benign: Basal cell adenoma Canalicular adenoma Ductal papilloma Monomorphic adenoma Myoepithelioma Oncocytoma Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum Pleomorphic adenoma Sebaceous adenoma Malignant: Acinic cell carcinoma Adenocarcinoma Adenoid cystic carcinoma Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma Lymphoma Mucoepidermoid carcinoma Sclerosing polycystic adenosis Sialadenitis Parotitis Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis Sialectasis Sialocele Sialodochitis Sialosis Sialolithiasis Sjögren's syndrome Orofacial soft tissues – Soft tissues around the mouth Actinomycosis Angioedema Basal cell carcinoma Cutaneous sinus of dental origin Cystic hygroma Gnathophyma Ludwig's angina Macrostomia Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome Microstomia Noma Oral Crohn's disease Orofacial granulomatosis Perioral dermatitis Pyostomatitis vegetans Other Eagle syndrome Hemifacial hypertrophy Facial hemiatrophy Oral manifestations of systemic disease
-
Callus
Wikipedia
For a definition of the word "callus", see the Wiktionary entry callus . v t e Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology Growths Epidermal Wart Callus Seborrheic keratosis Acrochordon Molluscum contagiosum Actinic keratosis Squamous-cell carcinoma Basal-cell carcinoma Merkel-cell carcinoma Nevus sebaceous Trichoepithelioma Pigmented Freckles Lentigo Melasma Nevus Melanoma Dermal and subcutaneous Epidermal inclusion cyst Hemangioma Dermatofibroma (benign fibrous histiocytoma) Keloid Lipoma Neurofibroma Xanthoma Kaposi's sarcoma Infantile digital fibromatosis Granular cell tumor Leiomyoma Lymphangioma circumscriptum Myxoid cyst Rashes With epidermal involvement Eczematous Contact dermatitis Atopic dermatitis Seborrheic dermatitis Stasis dermatitis Lichen simplex chronicus Darier's disease Glucagonoma syndrome Langerhans cell histiocytosis Lichen sclerosus Pemphigus foliaceus Wiskott–Aldrich syndrome Zinc deficiency Scaling Psoriasis Tinea ( Corporis Cruris Pedis Manuum Faciei ) Pityriasis rosea Secondary syphilis Mycosis fungoides Systemic lupus erythematosus Pityriasis rubra pilaris Parapsoriasis Ichthyosis Blistering Herpes simplex Herpes zoster Varicella Bullous impetigo Acute contact dermatitis Pemphigus vulgaris Bullous pemphigoid Dermatitis herpetiformis Porphyria cutanea tarda Epidermolysis bullosa simplex Papular Scabies Insect bite reactions Lichen planus Miliaria Keratosis pilaris Lichen spinulosus Transient acantholytic dermatosis Lichen nitidus Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta Pustular Acne vulgaris Acne rosacea Folliculitis Impetigo Candidiasis Gonococcemia Dermatophyte Coccidioidomycosis Subcorneal pustular dermatosis Hypopigmented Tinea versicolor Vitiligo Pityriasis alba Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Tuberous sclerosis Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis Leprosy Hypopigmented mycosis fungoides Without epidermal involvement Red Blanchable Erythema Generalized Drug eruptions Viral exanthems Toxic erythema Systemic lupus erythematosus Localized Cellulitis Abscess Boil Erythema nodosum Carcinoid syndrome Fixed drug eruption Specialized Urticaria Erythema ( Multiforme Migrans Gyratum repens Annulare centrifugum Ab igne ) Nonblanchable Purpura Macular Thrombocytopenic purpura Actinic/solar purpura Papular Disseminated intravascular coagulation Vasculitis Indurated Scleroderma / morphea Granuloma annulare Lichen sclerosis et atrophicus Necrobiosis lipoidica Miscellaneous disorders Ulcers Hair Telogen effluvium Androgenic alopecia Alopecia areata Systemic lupus erythematosus Tinea capitis Loose anagen syndrome Lichen planopilaris Folliculitis decalvans Acne keloidalis nuchae Nail Onychomycosis Psoriasis Paronychia Ingrown nail Mucous membrane Aphthous stomatitis Oral candidiasis Lichen planus Leukoplakia Pemphigus vulgaris Mucous membrane pemphigoid Cicatricial pemphigoid Herpesvirus Coxsackievirus Syphilis Systemic histoplasmosis Squamous-cell carcinoma v t e Cutaneous keratosis, ulcer, atrophy, and necrobiosis Epidermal thickening keratoderma : Keratoderma climactericum Paraneoplastic keratoderma Acrokeratosis paraneoplastica of Bazex Aquagenic keratoderma Drug-induced keratoderma psoriasis Keratoderma blennorrhagicum keratosis : Seborrheic keratosis Clonal seborrheic keratosis Common seborrheic keratosis Irritated seborrheic keratosis Seborrheic keratosis with squamous atypia Reticulated seborrheic keratosis Dermatosis papulosa nigra Keratosis punctata of the palmar creases other hyperkeratosis : Acanthosis nigricans Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis Callus Ichthyosis acquisita Arsenical keratosis Chronic scar keratosis Hyperkeratosis lenticularis perstans Hydrocarbon keratosis Hyperkeratosis of the nipple and areola Inverted follicular keratosis Lichenoid keratosis Multiple minute digitate hyperkeratosis PUVA keratosis Reactional keratosis Stucco keratosis Thermal keratosis Viral keratosis Warty dyskeratoma Waxy keratosis of childhood other hypertrophy: Keloid Hypertrophic scar Cutis verticis gyrata Necrobiosis / granuloma Necrobiotic/palisading Granuloma annulare Perforating Generalized Subcutaneous Granuloma annulare in HIV disease Localized granuloma annulare Patch-type granuloma annulare Necrobiosis lipoidica Annular elastolytic giant-cell granuloma Granuloma multiforme Necrobiotic xanthogranuloma Palisaded neutrophilic and granulomatous dermatitis Rheumatoid nodulosis Interstitial granulomatous dermatitis / Interstitial granulomatous drug reaction Foreign body granuloma Beryllium granuloma Mercury granuloma Silica granuloma Silicone granuloma Zirconium granuloma Soot tattoo Tattoo Carbon stain Other/ungrouped eosinophilic dermatosis Granuloma faciale Dermis / localized CTD Cutaneous lupus erythematosus chronic: Discoid Panniculitis subacute : Neonatal ungrouped: Chilblain Lupus erythematosus–lichen planus overlap syndrome Tumid Verrucous Rowell's syndrome Scleroderma / Morphea Localized scleroderma Localized morphea Morphea–lichen sclerosus et atrophicus overlap Generalized morphea Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini Pansclerotic morphea Morphea profunda Linear scleroderma Atrophic / atrophoderma Lichen sclerosus Anetoderma Schweninger–Buzzi anetoderma Jadassohn–Pellizzari anetoderma Atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini Acrodermatitis chronica atrophicans Semicircular lipoatrophy Follicular atrophoderma Linear atrophoderma of Moulin Perforating Kyrle disease Reactive perforating collagenosis Elastosis perforans serpiginosa Perforating folliculitis Acquired perforating dermatosis Skin ulcer Pyoderma gangrenosum Other Calcinosis cutis Sclerodactyly Poikiloderma vasculare atrophicans Ainhum / Pseudo-ainhumBMP2, PTH, VEGFA, RUNX2, BGLAP, PTRH1, IL6, PHB2, SIL1, TGFB1, TNFRSF11B, PECAM1, SOD1, PCNA, CYP24A1, ERLEC1, TNF, IL1B, IGF1, PTGS2, MSTN, FGF2, SEMA3A, PTOV1, BMP6, BMP7, IFITM5, CCDC6, NES, SEMA4D, MIR106A, NR1H4, CLOCK, PDLIM7, MGAM, SQSTM1, MIR142, BECN1, FGF23, MIR186, STRAP, TRPV1, MIR25, BEST1, NPS, VDR, UGT1A, POTEF, TLR4, KLHL2P1, TRAP, TFF3, STAT5A, SOX9, WWP1, MLST8, SLC25A19, LRIT1, IFT80, NSD1, MKS1, TRIT1, UGT1A3, UGT1A1, UGT1A4, UGT1A9, UGT1A5, SHCBP1, UGT1A6, UGT1A7, UGT1A8, UGT1A10, WNT5B, WNT4, TLCD3B, BFAR, EXOSC3, SOST, GIT1, PHOSPHO1, SPINK6, REM1, SGSM3, SOX2, ACTB, SI, EFNB1, CDKN2A, CTNNB1, CTSB, DCR, DMD, DMP1, EPHA5, GLB1, ERF, ESR1, FGFR3, FOXO1, GARS1, GDF2, CD38, CD34, RUNX1, CAT, CASR, CAPG, CALCA, BTF3P11, BMPR2, BMP4, BDNF, STS, AQP5, ANGPT2, ALOX5, ADRB2, ADM, GH1, GLI1, CXCL12, POU2F2, PAEP, PRDX1, PAM, PDGFB, PGC, PRRX1, PPA1, GLI2, MAP2K7, ADCYAP1, PTX3, RBBP4, RORC, S100A10, NGF, NELL1, MYB, COX2, MMP12, MMP7, ME1, MDK, MBL2, SMAD6, SMAD2, SMAD1, KRT16, KRT7, KRT6A, IFNG, GUSB, MTCO2P12
-
Phaeohyphomycosis
Gard
It can be associated with a variety of clinical syndromes including invasive sinusitis ; nodules or abscesses beneath the skin; keratitis ; lung masses; osteomyelitis ; mycotic arthritis ; endocarditis ; brain abscess; and wide-spread infection.
-
Thoraco-Abdominal Enteric Duplication
Orphanet
Thoraco-abdominal enteric duplication is a rare, syndromic intestinal malformation characterized by single or multiple smooth-walled, often tubular, cystic lesions, which on occasion contain ectopic gastric mucosa, located in the thorax (usually in the posterior mediastinum and to the right of the midline) and in the abdomen.
-
Osteoma Of Cranial Vault, Familial
Omim
The family history was otherwise unremarkable. Gardner syndrome (175100), which is characterized by cranial osteomas at other sites as well as soft tissue tumors in association with colonic polyposis was ruled out by excluding other associated clinical abnormalities and by the lack of family history of colonic disease.
-
Atypical Norrie Disease Due To Xp11.3 Microdeletion
Orphanet
A rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial deletion of the short arm of chromosome X, principally characterized by classical Norrie disease (bilateral, severe retinal malformations and opacity of the lens leading to congenital blindness, on occasion associated with progressive sensorineural deafness and intellectual disability), microcephaly, hypotonia, psychomotor and growth delay, moderate to severe mental handicap and disruptive behaviour.
-
Spondyloepimetaphyseal Dysplasia, Irapa Type
Orphanet
Spondyloepimetaphyseal dysplasia, Irapa type is characterized by disproportionate short-trunked short stature, pectus carinatum, short arms, short and broad hands, short metatarsals, flat and broad feet, coxa vara, genu valgum, osteoarthritis, arthrosis and moderate-to-serious gait impairment. Epidemiology The syndrome has been described among Venezuelan Indians of the Yukpa (Irapa) tribe and three sibs from a Mexican mestizo family.
-
Renal Tubular Dysgenesis Due To Twin-Twin Transfusion
Orphanet
'Renal tubular dysgenesis due to twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS; see this term) is an acquired form of renal tubular dysgenesis (see this term) that develops in donor fetuses due to the uneven shunting of growth factor and nutrients to the kidney of the recipient and is characterized by absent or poorly developed proximal tubules, persistent oligohydramnios and consequently the Potter sequence (facial dysmorphism with large and flat low-set ears, lung hypoplasia, arthrogryposis and limb positioning defects).'
-
Mosaic Trisomy 10
Orphanet
Mosaic trisomy 10 is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, with a highly variable phenotype, principally characterized by growth delay, craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. prominent forehead, hypertelorism, upslanting palpebral fissures, blepharophimosis, low-set malformed large ears, high arched palate, cleft lip/palate, retrognathia) and cardiac, renal and skeletal (e.g. radial ray defects, scoliosis) malformations, with death usually ocurring neonatally or in early infancy.
-
Microspherophakia With Hernia
Omim
No other stigmata of either the Marfan (154700) or the Weill-Marchesani (277600) syndrome were detected. They suggested that this is a distinct connective tissue disorder.
-
Dysostosis, Stanescu Type
Orphanet
The long bones are short and bent, and thickening of bone cortex occurs during the pubertal and post-pubertal periods and increases with age. Genetic counseling The syndrome is inherited in an autosomal dominant manner.
-
Systemic Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive T-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disease Of Childhood
Orphanet
It presents with persisting fever and malaise, hepatosplenomegaly with or without lymphadenopathy, liver failure, severe pancytopenia and a rapid progression towards multi-organ failure and hemophagocytic syndrome with a fatal issue. It is characterized by clonal proliferation of EBV-infected T cells with an activated cytotoxic phenotype.
-
Pulmonary Artery Coming From Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Orphanet
Pulmonary artery coming from patent ductus arteriosus is a rare, congenital, non-syndromic heart malformation characterized by the presence of a single (or a double) patent ductus arteriosus which associates one or both pulmonary arteries originating from it.
-
Cyanide-Induced Parkinsonism-Dystonia
Orphanet
Cyanide-induced parkinsonism is a rare parkinsonian syndrome due to intoxication which develops in individuals surviving an acute cyanide intoxication episode or due to chronic exposure to small cyanide doses.
-
Trisomy 1q
Orphanet
Trisomy 1q is a rare chromosomal anomaly syndrome, resulting from the partial duplication of the long arm of chromosome 1, with a highly variable phenotype principally characterized by intellectual disability, short stature, craniofacial dysmorphism (incl. macro/microcephaly, prominent forehead, posteriorly rotated, low-set ears, abnormal palpebral fissures, microphthalmia, broad, flat nasal bridge, high-arched palate, micro/retrognathia), cardiac defects and urogenital anomalies.
-
Severe Intellectual Disability-Epilepsy-Anal Anomalies-Distal Phalangeal Hypoplasia
Orphanet
It has been described in two sisters born to consanguineous parents. The syndrome is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait and appears to be caused by anomalies in to chromosome regions, one localised to chromosome 1 and the other to chromosome 14.
- Diphallia Orphanet