"Reactive amyloidosis complicated by end-stage renal disease 28 years after liquid silicone injection in the buttocks" .

Archived from the original on 2019-04-28 . Retrieved 2019-07-24 . ^ Chang CW, Donovan DJ, Liem LK, O'Phelan KH, Green DM, Bassin S, Asai S (2012).

"Antigen receptor signalling: a distinctive role for the p110δ isoform of PI3K" . Trends in Immunology . 28 (2): 80–87. doi : 10.1016/j.it.2006.12.007 .

. ^ Over 1,000 Deaths from H1N1 Outbreak in Brazil Archived 2016-09-11 at the Wayback Machine (article from 12 July 2016) ^ Guan, Wei-jie (February 28, 2020). "Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in China" .

"The myxoid liposarcoma FUS-DDIT3 fusion oncoprotein deregulates NF-kappaB target genes by interaction with NFKBIZ" . Oncogene . 28 (2): 270–8. doi : 10.1038/onc.2008.378 .

An unusual feature was the presence of 'primary' osteoporosis in the 28-year-old affected man, who was 130 cm tall.

"The characteristic physiognomy and tissue specific karyotype distribution in the Pallister-Killian syndrome". Clin Genet . 28 (1): 47–53. doi : 10.1111/j.1399-0004.1985.tb01217.x .

. ^ Honeyman JN, Simon EP, Robine N, Chiaroni-Clarke R, Darcy DG, Lim II, Gleason CE, Murphy JM, Rosenberg BR, Teegan L, Takacs CN, Botero S, Belote R, Germer S, Emde AK, Vacic V, Bhanot U, LaQuaglia MP, Simon SM (28 February 2014). "Detection of a Recurrent DNAJB1-PRKACA Chimeric Transcript in Fibrolamellar Hepatocellular Carcinoma" .

McNicholl and Egan (1968) described a brother and sister with congenital PA and stated that 28 cases had been described. They noted that the defect seems to be one of failure of intrinsic factor secretion despite normal gastric acidity and mucosal morphology.

.%60Immunoproliferative%20Disorders%60/home.html Archived 2007-09-28 at the Wayback Machine . Accessed March 2007. ^ Ma ES, Lee ET (2007).

"pili multigemini" . www.keratin.com . Retrieved 2019-10-28 . Pili multigemini hair follicles, also called 'compound hairs', are considered rare although there have been no studies to define the actual frequency in the general population, it is believed to be more common in men’s beards and children’s scalps. ^ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005).

"PRK-pTK as a treatment for a patient with Thygeson's superficial punctate keratopathy" . The CLAO Journal . 28 (4): 172–173. doi : 10.1097/01.ICL.0000024359.29208.59 (inactive 2021-01-15).

Females with a phenotype similar to males with typical OPD2 had pathogenic variants in exons 28 and 29. Frontometaphyseal dysplasia Out of 13 males with FMD1, all had pathogenic variants in FLNA (exons 3-5, 22, 28-29) [Robertson et al 2006a]. Pathogenic variants in females with FMD1 (found in 68% of affected females) are more widely distributed over the gene (exons 3-5, 11, 22, 28-29, 41, 44-47) than pathogenic variants identified in males.

The family study of Clark et al. (1973), using echocardiography, indicated that 28 of 30 probands (93%) had an affected parent. ... More males than females were affected. In 28 of 50 families, familial occurrence was observed. ... Myocardial bridging was present in 10 (28%) of the patients. As compared with patients without bridging, patients with bridging had a greater incidence of chest pain, cardiac arrest with subsequent resuscitation, and ventricular tachycardia.

Functional defects consisted of hearing impairment (83%; including conductive loss, sensorineural, or combined), visual impairment (28%), both visual and hearing impairment (28%), difficulties in feeding/eating (50%), speech impairment (53%), and mental retardation (39%). ... Digilio et al. (2008) analyzed the frequency and anatomic characteristics of congenital heart defects (CHDs) in a series of 87 patients with OAVS who were examined during a 17-year period at a single center. CHDs were diagnosed in 28 (32%) of the patients. The most common CHDs were membranous or muscular ventricular septal defect (6 patients) and tetralogy of Fallot, either classic or with pulmonary atresia (6 patients).

If the symptoms improve, an empiric diagnosis of bacterial overgrowth can be made. [28] There is insufficient evidence to support the use of inflammatory markers, such as fecal calprotectin , to detect SIBO. [4] Treatment [ edit ] Treatment strategies should focus on identifying and correcting the root causes, where possible, resolving nutritional deficiencies, and administering antibiotics. ... Alternatively, the choice of antibiotic used can be cycled. [28] There is still limited data to guide the clinician in developing antibiotic strategies for SIBO. ... Current Treatment Options in Gastroenterology . 7 (1): 19–28. doi : 10.1007/s11938-004-0022-4 .

Onset of symptoms from long half-life benzodiazepines might be delayed for up to three weeks, although withdrawal symptoms from short-acting ones often present early, usually within 24–48 hours. [28] There may be no fundamental differences in symptoms from either high or low dose discontinuation, but symptoms tend to be more severe from higher doses. [29] Daytime reemergence and rebound withdrawal symptoms, sometimes confused with interdose withdrawal, may occur once dependence has set in. ... "Discontinuation of long-term benzodiazepine use: 10-year follow-up" . Family Practice . 28 (3): 253–9. doi : 10.1093/fampra/cmq113 . ... Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment . 8 (1–2): 19–28. doi : 10.1016/0740-5472(91)90023-4 . ... New Castle University Institute of Neuroscience . Retrieved 28 December 2017 . ^ Adam, Kirstine; Oswald, I. (2008). ... "Benzodiazepine physical dependence. 6 cases (author's transl)". La Nouvelle Presse Médicale . 9 (28): 1941–5. PMID 6106922 . ^ Loeb, P; Adnet, P; Boittiaux, P; Forget, AP; Mille, FX (1997).

For instance, figures for sentences pronounced during the years before the First World War include: 20 (1910), 28 (1911), 31 (1912), and 60 (1914). [5] In the late Russian Empire, doctors and jurists began to advocate for relaxed abortion laws and increased contraception . ... While such resources became more available with the fall of the Soviet Union, by 1993 still less than half of Russian women felt they had adequate access to them. [28] In the first decade of the Russian Federation alone both of Russia's condom factories and the only Russian IUD factory shut down for periods of time because of concerns about latex prices and quality control. ... Miscellanea Geographica . 11 : 217–28. doi : 10.2478/mgrsd-2004-0025 . ^ a b Heer, "Abortion, Contraception, and Population Policy in the Soviet Union" 532–36. ^ Gadasina, A. (1997). ... 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A group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood Cerebral palsy A child with cerebral palsy being assessed by a physician Specialty Pediatrics , neurology , physiatry Symptoms Poor coordination, stiff muscles , weak muscles, tremors [1] Complications Seizures , intellectual disability [1] Usual onset Early childhood [1] Duration Lifelong [1] Causes Often unknown [1] Risk factors Preterm birth , being a twin , certain infections during pregnancy, difficult delivery [1] Diagnostic method Based on child's development [1] Treatment Physical therapy , occupational therapy , speech therapy , conductive education , external braces , orthopedic surgery [1] Medication Diazepam , baclofen , botulinum toxin [1] Frequency 2.1 per 1,000 [2] Cerebral palsy ( CP ) is a group of permanent movement disorders that appear in early childhood. [1] Signs and symptoms vary among people and over time. [1] [3] Often, symptoms include poor coordination, stiff muscles , weak muscles , and tremors . [1] There may be problems with sensation , vision , hearing , swallowing , and speaking . [1] Often, babies with cerebral palsy do not roll over, sit, crawl or walk as early as other children of their age. [1] Other symptoms include seizures and problems with thinking or reasoning , which each occur in about one third of people with CP. [1] While symptoms may get more noticeable over the first few years of life, underlying problems do not worsen over time. [1] Cerebral palsy is caused by abnormal development or damage to the parts of the brain that control movement, balance, and posture. [1] [4] Most often, the problems occur during pregnancy; however, they may also occur during childbirth or shortly after birth. [1] Often, the cause is unknown. [1] Risk factors include preterm birth , being a twin , certain infections during pregnancy such as toxoplasmosis or rubella , exposure to methylmercury during pregnancy, a difficult delivery, and head trauma during the first few years of life, among others. [1] About 2% of cases are believed to be due to an inherited genetic cause . [5] A number of sub-types are classified based on the specific problems present. [1] For example, those with stiff muscles have spastic cerebral palsy , those with poor coordination in locomotion have ataxic cerebral palsy and those with writhing movements have dyskinetic cerebral palsy . [6] Diagnosis is based on the child's development over time. [1] Blood tests and medical imaging may be used to rule out other possible causes. [1] CP is partly preventable through immunization of the mother and efforts to prevent head injuries in children such as through improved safety. [1] There is no known cure for CP; however, supportive treatments, medications and surgery may help many individuals. [1] This may include physical therapy , occupational therapy and speech therapy . [1] Medications such as diazepam , baclofen and botulinum toxin may help relax stiff muscles. [7] [8] [1] Surgery may include lengthening muscles and cutting overly active nerves . [1] Often, external braces and other assistive technology are helpful. [1] Some affected children can achieve near normal adult lives with appropriate treatment. [1] While alternative medicines are frequently used, there is no evidence to support their use. [1] Cerebral palsy is the most common movement disorder in children. [9] It occurs in about 2.1 per 1,000 live births. [2] Cerebral palsy has been documented throughout history, with the first known descriptions occurring in the work of Hippocrates in the 5th century BC. [10] Extensive study of the condition began in the 19th century by William John Little , after whom spastic diplegia was called "Little's disease". [10] William Osler first named it "cerebral palsy" from the German zerebrale Kinderlähmung (cerebral child-paralysis). [11] A number of potential treatments are being examined, including stem cell therapy . [1] However, more research is required to determine if it is effective and safe. [1] Contents 1 Signs and symptoms 1.1 Skeleton 1.2 Eating 1.3 Language 1.4 Pain and sleep 1.5 Associated disorders 2 Causes 2.1 Preterm birth 2.2 Term infants 2.3 Genetics 2.4 Early childhood 2.5 Others 3 Diagnosis 3.1 Classification 3.1.1 Spastic 3.1.2 Ataxic 3.1.3 Dyskinetic 3.1.4 Mixed 4 Prevention 5 Management 6 Prognosis 6.1 Self-care 6.2 Productivity 6.3 Leisure 6.4 Participation and barriers 6.5 Aging 7 Epidemiology 8 History 9 Society and culture 9.1 Economic impact 9.2 Use of the term 9.3 Media 9.4 Notable cases 9.5 Litigation 10 See also 11 References 12 External links Signs and symptoms [ edit ] Cerebral palsy is defined as "a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing fetal or infant brain." [12] While movement problems are the central feature of CP, difficulties with thinking, learning, feeling, communication and behavior often co-occur, [12] with 28% having epilepsy, 58% having difficulties with communication, at least 42% having problems with their vision, and 23–56% having learning disabilities. [13] Muscle contractions in people with cerebral palsy are commonly thought to arise from overactivation. [14] Cerebral palsy is characterized by abnormal muscle tone , reflexes, or motor development and coordination. ... Sometimes bones grow to different lengths, so the person may have one leg longer than the other. [28] [ citation needed ] Children with CP are prone to low trauma fractures , particularly children with higher GMFCS levels who cannot walk. ... In those who are born with a weight between 1 kg and 1.5 kg CP occurs in 6%. [2] Among those born before 28 weeks of gestation it occurs in 11%. [2] Genetic factors are believed to play an important role in prematurity and cerebral palsy generally. [62] While in those who are born between 34 and 37 weeks the risk is 0.4% (three times normal). [63] Term infants [ edit ] In babies that are born at term risk factors include problems with the placenta, birth defects , low birth weight, breathing meconium into the lungs , a delivery requiring either the use of instruments or an emergency Caesarean section , birth asphyxia, seizures just after birth, respiratory distress syndrome , low blood sugar , and infections in the baby. [64] As of 2013 [update] , it was unclear how much of a role birth asphyxia plays as a cause. [65] It is unclear if the size of the placenta plays a role. [66] As of 2015 [update] it is evident that in advanced countries, most cases of cerebral palsy in term or near-term neonates have explanations other than asphyxia. [58] Genetics [ edit ] Autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. ... A 2013 review stated that outcomes for adults with cerebral palsy without intellectual disability in the 2000s were that "60–80% completed high school, 14–25% completed college, up to 61% were living independently in the community, 25–55% were competitively employed, and 14–28% were involved in long term relationships with partners or had established families". [143] Adults with cerebral palsy may not seek physical therapy due to transport issues, financial restrictions and practitioners not feeling like they know enough about cerebral palsy to take people with CP on as clients. [144] A study in young adults (18–34) on transitioning to adulthood found that their concerns were physical health care and understanding their bodies, being able to navigate and use services and supports successfully, and dealing with prejudices.

Symptoms and Long-term effects [ edit ] Symptoms and complications vary according to the nature and severity of the eating disorder: [24] Associated physical symptoms of eating disorders include weakness, fatigue, sensitivity to cold, reduced beard growth in men, reduction in waking erections, reduced libido, weight loss and growth failure. [28] Frequent vomiting, which may cause acid reflux or entry of acidic gastric material into the laryngoesophageal tract, can lead to unexplained hoarseness. As such, individuals who induce vomiting as part of their eating disorder, such as those with anorexia nervosa, binge eating-purging type or those with purging-type bulimia nervosa, are at risk for acid reflux. [ medical citation needed ] Possible complications acne xerosis amenorrhoea tooth loss, cavities constipation diarrhea water retention and/or edema lanugo telogen effluvium cardiac arrest hypokalemia death osteoporosis [25] electrolyte imbalance hyponatremia brain atrophy [26] [27] pellagra [29] scurvy kidney failure suicide [30] [31] [32] Associated physical symptoms of eating disorders include weakness, fatigue, sensitivity to cold, reduced beard growth in men, reduction in waking erections, reduced libido, weight loss and growth failure. [28] Frequent vomiting, which may cause acid reflux or entry of acidic gastric material into the laryngoesophageal tract, can lead to unexplained hoarseness. ... Members of these websites typically feel that their eating disorder is the only aspect of a chaotic life that they can control. [40] These websites are often interactive and have discussion boards where individuals can share strategies, ideas, and experiences, such as diet and exercise plans that achieve extremely low weights. [41] A study comparing the personal web-blogs that were pro-eating disorder with those focused on recovery found that the pro-eating disorder blogs contained language reflecting lower cognitive processing, used a more closed-minded writing style, contained less emotional expression and fewer social references, and focused more on eating-related contents than did the recovery blogs. [42] Psychopathology [ edit ] The psychopathology of eating disorders centers around body image disturbance, such as concerns with weight and shape; self-worth being too dependent on weight and shape; fear of gaining weight even when underweight; denial of how severe the symptoms are and a distortion in the way the body is experienced. [28] The main psychopathological features of anorexia were outlined in 1982 as problems in body perception, emotion processing and interpersonal relationships. [43] [44] Women with eating disorders have greater body dissatisfaction. [45] This impairment of body perception involves vision, proprioception, and tactile perception. [46] There is an alteration in integration of signals in which body parts are experienced as dissociated from the body as a whole. [46] Bruch theorized that difficult early relationships were related to the cause of anorexia and how primary caregivers can contribute to the onset of the illness. [43] A prominent feature of bulimia is dissatisfaction with body shape. [47] However, dissatisfaction with body shape is not of diagnostic significance as it is sometimes present in individuals with no eating disorder. [47] This highly labile feature can fluctuate depending on changes in shape and weight, the degree of control over eating and mood. [47] In contrast, a necessary diagnostic feature for anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa is having overvalued ideas about shape and weight are relatively stable and closely related to the patients’ low self-esteem. [47] Causes [ edit ] The causes of eating disorders are not clear. [ citation needed ] Many people with eating disorders also have body dysmorphic disorder , altering the way a person sees oneself. [48] [49] Studies have found that a high proportion of individuals diagnosed with body dysmorphic disorder also had some type of eating disorder, with 15% of individuals having either anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa. [48] This link between body dysmorphic disorder and anorexia stems from the fact that both BDD and anorexia nervosa are characterized by a preoccupation with physical appearance and a distortion of body image . [49] There are also many other possibilities such as environmental, social and interpersonal issues that could promote and sustain these illnesses. [50] Also, the media are oftentimes blamed for the rise in the incidence of eating disorders due to the fact that media images of idealized slim physical shape of people such as models and celebrities motivate or even force people to attempt to achieve slimness themselves.