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Transient Ischemic Attack
Wikipedia
About 70% of patients with recent ischemic stroke are found to have hypertension, defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 140 mmHg, or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > 90 mmHg. [21] Until the first half of the 2010s, blood pressure goals have generally been SBP < 140 mmHg and DBP < 90 mmHg. [21] However, newer studies suggest that a goal of SBP <130 mmHg may confer even greater benefit. [27] [28] Blood pressure control is often achieved using diuretics or a combination of diuretics and angiotensin converter enzyme inhibitors , although the optimal treatment regimen depends on the individual. [21] Cholesterol control [ edit ] There is inconsistent evidence regarding the effect of LDL-cholesterol levels on stroke risk after TIA. ... PMID 27209146 . ^ a b López-López, José A; Sterne, Jonathan A C; Thom, Howard H Z; Higgins, Julian P T; Hingorani, Aroon D; Okoli, George N; Davies, Philippa A; Bodalia, Pritesh N; Bryden, Peter A; Welton, Nicky J; Hollingworth, William; Caldwell, Deborah M; Savović, Jelena; Dias, Sofia; Salisbury, Chris; Eaton, Diane; Stephens-Boal, Annya; Sofat, Reecha (28 November 2017). "Oral anticoagulants for prevention of stroke in atrial fibrillation: systematic review, network meta-analysis, and cost effectiveness analysis" .
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Hepatitis B
Wikipedia
It is 50 to 100 times more infectious than human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) . [27] Possible forms of transmission include sexual contact , [28] blood transfusions and transfusion with other human blood products, [29] re-use of contaminated needles and syringes, [30] and vertical transmission from mother to child (MTCT) during childbirth. ... In 1986, research began on a second generation of vaccines that do not use human serum, and the first vaccine was discontinued in 1990. [123] Society and culture [ edit ] World Hepatitis Day , observed 28 July, aims to raise global awareness of hepatitis B and hepatitis C and encourage prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. ... S2CID 45638523 . ^ "Hepatitis B – the facts: IDEAS –Victorian Government Health Information, Australia" . State of Victoria. 28 July 2009. Archived from the original on 18 September 2011 .IFNG, IFNA2, SLC10A1, IFNB1, MIR122, IFNA1, HP, MIR192, IFNAR2, IL10RB, MIRLET7C, IFNGR1, MIR204, MIR148A, MIR193B, MIR100, LOX, LOXL2, MIR1468, MIR885, MIR365A, MIR365B, MIR6881, MIR378A, MIR378I, MIR28, MIR125B2, MIR99A, MIR190A, CYP2A6, MIR455, MIR194-2, HLA-DPB1, HLA-DPA1, HLA-A, HLA-B, KIF1B, PNPLA3, ALDH2, UBE2L3, HLA-DQB1, HLA-DQB2, DLC1, GGT1, TAP2, TCF19, TRIM31, CCHCR1, HLA-DQA2, HLA-DOB, CDSN, HLA-DRA, ALB, HLA-DQB3, HLA-DRB9, CDKN2A, VTN, HNF4A, CDKN1A, HLA-DRB1, IFNAR1, HSPG2, HLA-DPB2, EHMT2-AS1, HLA-DPA3, IFNA13, TLR7, TP53, TNF, TLR4, TLR3, LINC02571, TLR2, IFNL3, ERVK-32, SLC17A5, CHRNE, GGNBP1, SH2B3, ERG, FBL, CYP21A2, F2, HBS1L, APOBEC3B, EHMT2, GABRG3, CTNNB1, CTLA4, GCKR, HLA-DPA2, GP1BA, GPT, BRAP, COL11A2P1, SFTA2, AFP, HSD17B8, CCR5, IGF2, CD274, YDJC, CDK14, ITPR3, IL22, DDR1, KRT88P, MBL2, HAVCR2, MICD, ATXN2, PAEP, PDCD1, ERVK-6, GPSM3, IL21, RING1, BRD2, RPL32P1, RBM45, RBFOX1, IL17A, ZNF285B, IL10, IL1B, TERT, CXCL10, IL6, IL2, IL4, IL18, THPO, TGFB1, TLR9, APOB, OPN1SW, STAT3, HNF1A, APOBEC3G, VDR, STAT4, SMC5, ESR1, AR, PTGS2, KRT20, SLCO6A1, HSPA5, LINC01194, CXCL8, HFE, GSTK1, MS4A1, PPARG, LAMTOR5, MDM2, HPGDS, SLC26A5, LOC110806263, PTEN, HMGB1, HIF1A, EGF, SPP1, IL1A, RECQL4, SOCS3, PLAAT4, TNFSF10, ENOSF1, GPC3, SIRT1, HLA-C, MX1, MECP2, ISG20, GOLM1, H3P10, ABO, FAS, BCL2, FASLG, MICA, ERVW-4, KLRC4-KLRK1, PIK3CA, LGALS3BP, PIN1, CHP1, KLRK1, KIR3DL1, AICDA, MIR146A, SLC12A9, LTA, BRD4, DDB1, GSTP1, CCL5, VEGFA, IL27, IL37, SKP2, IL23A, APOE, TGFA, FOXP3, MIR125A, MMP9, DNA2, NOTCH1, IL33, ABCB6, SERPINB6, CCNA2, C4BPA, CCL2, GSTM1, SERPINB3, MUL1, KMT2D, CDR3, VWCE, CAV1, CBLL2, MIR29A, EGFR, ZC3HAV1, PARP1, GEM, CTAA1, CARD14, ARC, XRCC1, CREB1, IL1RN, HLA-DQA1, HMOX1, PRDX2, CDKN2B, HLA-G, MRC1, APOC3, ICOS, HSPD1, SRY, IFNL1, CCN2, GPT2, CD40, TSC1, TSC2, IL17D, MYD88, CAP1, AKT1, CD9, SORBS1, SOCS1, IL17F, MAPK8, MIR21, TPPP, TMED2, CCND1, KMT2B, PRKN, PIK3CG, PDLIM5, PIK3CD, KIR2DL3, ACE, MAPK1, FLNB, HACD1, LNPEP, TRBV20OR9-2, PRNP, H3P19, MTOR, ATG5, PIK3CB, NRSN1, SMYD3, MTHFR, PML, PLK1, CD28, PRDM6, CDA, MOV10, SPINK1, ROBO3, HSPA4, NLRP3, LGALS9, ICAM1, HSF4, IGFBP7, COX2, ERVK-11, IL34, MTDH, NCAM1, IL12B, ITIH4, BCHE, PELI1, SALL4, IL23R, RAF1, JUN, OCA2, PRDM1, RXRA, MAPK3, S100A9, IL12A, KRT19, SERPINB4, MAVS, PRKAA1, CCL4, ERVK-20, IL2RA, UGT1A7, KLRC1, AKR1B10, PPARA, CXCR5, KRT18, BTLA, APOA1, MIR149, MTCO2P12, FN1, URI1, USO1, MIR141, CST3, MIR130A, CSF2, GLB1, MAPK14, SEC14L2, DDX58, GSTM2, YY1, GZMB, AGT, CYP2C19, RASSF1, MTA1, ERBB2, NXF1, CXCL13, E2F1, EPAS1, FGL2, PPARGC1A, MIR22, ACTB, SUB1, AIM2, MIR499A, MIR210, XPR1, CYP2E1, AGO2, MMP3, HLA-DOA, HLA-E, ERVW-1, CEACAM5, TNFAIP3, SIAH1, HDAC9, LINC01672, PPIP5K1, ISG15, TLR8, APC, ANXA5, STAT1, SSB, GRAP2, IL32, PLA2G2A, PLAU, TP53COR1, BCL6, TRIM21, ERVK-19, TLR5, GAS5, ISYNA1, WDHD1, PPIA, SRPK1, DEPDC5, SETD1A, PER2, TNFSF13B, MMP14, IFITM3, ABCC4, KLRG1, PRMT5, COX3, IL21R, MTTP, MYC, PSME3, EBI3, ZNRD1ASP, NFKB1, NFKBIA, ABCA4, BATF, TREML2, TNFAIP8L2, TAP1, OAS1, PLCE1, MRPL28, OGG1, GNLY, AHSA1, SERPINE1, FARP2, ARTN, PROM1, HAMP, XRCC3, DLL1, S100A4, HSP90B1, SATB1, AIMP2, AGRP, MANF, ZMYM2, SMARCA1, RNF19A, CCL3L1, SLC25A1, XPO1, ERVK-9, CCL22, SELE, SET, POLDIP2, SFRP1, WNT5A, FGF21, TNFSF4, SFRP5, TNFRSF4, TM6SF2, UGT1A, RTEL1, SUZ12, MCS+9.7, SRC, SEMA6A, ALOX5, HDAC3, CFLAR, IL18R1, TNFRSF6B, SREBF1, EIF2AK2, TNFSF9, ADAR, SIRT2, RIPK1, PSMB6, SMARCE1, H3P9, ADH1B, MBL3P, NR0B2, NXT1, AXIN1, SETD2, URGCP, SNAI1, REG1A, LAPTM4B, ATM, IFNL4, DHX15, CEBPA, HSPA8, GSK3B, FCN2, CASP3, GSTT1, CD44, CD58, CD59, FASN, PTK2B, CALR, KIR2DS1, KIR3DL2, GGTLC5P, KIR3DS1, KIT, CDK1, IFN1@, KRAS, KRT8, APOA5, ETS2, CTHRC1, LAG3, IFI16, LASP1, DNAJB1, MIR7-3HG, IGF1, ITGAL, CD14, GNA12, IL13, IFNLR1, RUNX3, MIR145, MIR132, GLI1, ARID2, CCND2, MIR152, CAT, G6PD, APOBEC3A, APOBEC3F, MIR106B, INSRR, MIR126, MIR18A, CCNE1, FLNA, CD1D, CD24, FOXM1, MIR1231, CRP, RBM24, CRK, LEP, MIR143, DDB2, EIF5, GGTLC3, DNMT1, DDX5, MIR338, EPCAM, CIITA, CISH, CDKN2C, SMAD4, CPD, MIR34B, SLC26A3, STING1, ATN1, CR1, MIR17HG, BST2, C3, MIR29C, HOXD13, POTEF, MIR223, GGTLC4P, DNLZ, DMBT1, HDAC1, MIF, GGT2, HPN, CALCR, BEX2, MIR27A, MIR224, KMT2A, DDX3X, MMP2, MIR129-2, LILRA4, LOC110283621, LAMTOR2, CST12P, SCFV, KLF15, SNORD118, KRT8P3, IGHV1-3, NUP62, LY96, TARDBP, TBK1, LIN28B, KIF4A, UBE2S, NSG1, AGO1, FOXP1, CACYBP, CIDEB, LOC109286563, CCL4L1, MIR137, SNORA26, ST20, PTPN22, SH2D5, SNHG5, MIR545, CXADRP1, MIR106A, MIR101-1, MALAT1, MIR574, CNTNAP2, POLL, SAMHD1, MIR101-2, MIR602, MIR604, PART1, APOBEC3C, BAMBI, MIR92B, GCA, VHLL, SARNP, SIRT3, UTS2, MIR30C2, MIR30C1, KDM5B, PPP1R13L, HPSE, SMR3B, MRPS30, MIR222, JTB, PAPOLA, ASCC3, MIR221, H3P24, MIR219A1, MIR216A, SPIN1, APOBEC2, PRSS21, HCC, H3P23, DLL3, MIR30E, MIR34A, EBP, NDRG1, KIR2DP1, MIR449A, MIR384, MIR181D, PLF, C1orf61, KAT5, ZNRD2, MIR340, UBD, H3P31, HTATIP2, SLC35A1, MIR302C, XRCC6P5, MIR96, KHDRBS1, DCTN6, PNRC1, COPS5, PPP1R13B, MIR17, ZHX2, MIR199A2, MIR199A1, SNHG6, UPK3B, ATF6, RAB18, H3P16, MIR185, MIR15B, SLC38A3, MIR155, DKK1, SPEN, WFDC21P, TBC1D9, MIR150, ZCCHC14, JMJD6, USP22, PUF60, TUSC2, MIR19A, PDAP1, MIR212, GTF2A1L, MHB, STON1, MIR205, TENT4A, DNAJB4, RPP14, MIR203A, PTP4A3, MIR200C, MIR200A, CHEK2, H3P8, DCTN3, MIR20A, USP18, VSIG4, PHB2, MMRN1, MIR802, HULC, FCRL1, SFMBT2, CYP2R1, MORN4, HPSE2, ANIB1, IGAN1, CIDEC, MEG9, UHRF2, GOLPH3, PAG1, KCTD12, CDCA5, CYTOR, SFXN1, SMOC1, NOD2, FOXP2, XYLT2, IFIH1, PCDH10, KIDINS220, TPPP2, SCLT1, APOM, MYDGF, BTNL2, RETN, TICAM1, LY75-CD302, EXOSC5, MEPE, MIR1270, SLC38A6, PCBP4, TRIM69, DOCK11, MCOLN1, VANGL2, DBH-AS1, RAB22A, PPARGC1B, MIR1271, MIR323B, MIR1236, TENT4B, MFSD2A, HOTTIP, RIOX2, PDCD1LG2, CD276, TRIM52, MAP1LC3B, PYROXD2, TRIM7, HDGFL2, MIR3613, MED25, RAB33B, MIR3065, SOX7, SESN2, CREB3L3, HDAC10, DGAT2, ING5, HDAC11, AGMAT, GAS5-AS1, LIN28A, XPO4, CLEC7A, GORASP1, TRIM22, RSAD2, WNK1, MPPE1, ZNF479, CENPM, AHNAK, FTO, PRMT9, MBOAT7, TRIM5, TMED7-TICAM2, ATOH8, ZNF382, VTCN1, STEAP4, USE1, RCOR3, GPSM2, MIR216B, BANCR, WEE2-AS1, TNFRSF12A, CTBP1-AS, MIR675, ATRAID, POLK, HOTAIR, LYPD5, MIR942, TENM3, SIRT7, IFNL2, TDP2, GDE1, SF3B6, GHRL, CD244, KIR2DS2, ATP8A2, SCARA5, LEF1, DCTN4, APOBEC3A_B, HOOK2, MIR6126, IL19, TBX21, CYCSP38, PCNAP1, ZNRD1, CD209, IL20, MYMX, TICAM2, LINC01149, HLA-V, ACOD1, RAB7B, ASAP1, STON1-GTF2A1L, TMED5, TMED7, HS6ST3, RSF1, TINCR, CASZ1, LAMTOR1, MED9, MIR4717, GPATCH2, MTPAP, MSL2, INTS10, GPBAR1, VPS53, FBXW7, MIR1275, MEG3, ERVK-2, SAGE1, MAML3, RNF187, PDIK1L, GALNT10, UBE2Q1, PINX1, SWT1, H3P12, APOBEC3H, NANS, TAC4, ANLN, CADM2, CPVL, ERVK-22, DLL4, AD12, SAMD9L, UGT1A6, UGT1A1, MARCHF5, PTCRA, DNAJB1P1, DEFB4B, ERVK-12, CLEC4C, TET2, KCTD9, PJA1, NAT1, AKR1A1, NR4A1, GYS2, H2AX, HBB, HBE1, SERPIND1, HDAC2, HINT1, HIVEP2, HK2, HLA-DMA, HLF, HLA-F, MR1, HMMR, HOXA10, MNAT1, HOXA13, HRC, PRMT1, HSPA1B, HSP90AA1, IFI27, SP110, IFIT1, IFNA5, IFNA6, IFNGR2, IGF1R, IGF2R, IGFBP1, GYPE, GYPB, GYPA, GUSB, FGF4, FGFR4, FHL1, FLT4, FOS, FOSB, NR5A2, FTL, FYB1, GABPA, GAPDH, GATA2, GATA3, GBA, GC, GCHFR, GFAP, GFER, GFPT1, CBLIF, GPI, CXCR3, UTS2R, GRN, GRIN2A, NR3C1, PDIA3, GTF2B, GTF2H1, IGHA1, IGHG3, IL4R, KRT14, LAMP1, STMN1, LCN2, LDLR, LEPR, LGALS3, LGALS4, LIPA, LMNA, LTB, LTBR, LTK, LY75, SH2D1A, SMAD3, MAFG, MAGEA3, MAT2A, MBP, MCC, MET, MFAP1, MGAT3, MIA2, MGMT, CXCL9, MKI67, FOXO4, MMP1, KRT35, KLRD1, IL6R, KLRB1, IL6ST, IL7R, CXCR1, IL9, IL10RA, IL15, IL16, TNFRSF9, INS, INPPL1, INSR, ITGA6, IRF1, IRF3, ITGA1, ITGA5, ITGAV, ITGAX, EIF6, ITK, IVL, JAK1, JUNB, JUND, CD82, KCNA5, KIF2A, KIR2DL2, KLK2, FGF2, FEN1, FDX1, ASL, ATF3, RERE, ATP1B3, ATP6V1E1, BCKDHB, BCL3, BGLAP, CEACAM1, BMI1, BSG, BTD, CA12, CALD1, CAPN2, CASP8, CASP10, CASR, CBFB, CCK, CCNG1, CD247, CD19, CD80, CD34, ENTPD1, CDC6, CDC42, CDH1, CDH17, ASS1, ARSA, CDKN1B, ARRB1, ABL1, ABL2, ACACA, ACP3, ADA, PLIN2, AP1G1, AFM, JAG1, AHR, ABCD1, ALDH1A1, ALDH3A2, ALK, AMBP, ANGPT2, ANPEP, ANXA1, ANXA2, ANXA13, APCS, XIAP, BIRC5, APOA2, APOC4, APRT, ABCC6, RHOA, ARR3, CDK4, CDO1, FCGR3B, DNMT3A, DTX1, EGR2, EGR3, EPHA2, EIF4E, EIF4EBP1, EIF4G2, ELANE, ELAVL2, ELAVL1, ELK1, ELK4, ENO1, EPHA1, EPHA3, EPHB2, EPHB6, EPHX1, ERBB3, ERBB4, ERCC2, ERN1, EXT1, EZH2, F11, FABP1, FAH, FCER1A, FCGR3A, DPT, DNM2, CDX1, DYNC1H1, CENPA, CFL1, CHI3L1, CHKA, CHUK, CLTC, CNR1, COL3A1, COX8A, CP, CPOX, CREBBP, CRHBP, CRHR2, CRYZ, VCAN, CXADR, CYBB, CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP3A4, CYP17A1, CYP27B1, DHX9, DEFB4A, DES, DIO3, DKC1, DNASE1, MMP8, MPI, TNIP1, LOH19CR1, XRCC5, ZFP36, TRIM25, DNALI1, CXCR4, RAB7A, MAFK, STAM, FOSL1, CUL5, SLC14A2, NCOA3, TKTL1, FZD7, SPARCL1, MSR1, CAVIN2, SMARCA5, IKBKG, LGR5, PLPP1, NCOA1, DYNLL1, EIF3A, EIF3H, BECN1, TNFSF14, TNFRSF10B, NRP1, SOCS2, XRCC4, XBP1, WNT1, CLIP2, NR2F1, TFPI, TFRC, NAT2, TGFBI, THBS1, THRA, TIA1, TIAM1, TKT, TNFAIP1, TNFRSF1A, TNFRSF1B, TNNI3, TOP2A, TP53BP2, TPP2, TRAF6, TUFM, UBE2I, UCP1, SLC35A2, UNG, UQCRH, VBP1, VCP, VIM, VIPR1, VWF, KAT2B, CDK5R1, ASAP2, PTGES, CHD1L, CCL4L2, CLOCK, RBM39, CREB5, RUBCN, RAPGEF5, MTSS1, SPATA2, ZEB2, SETDB1, SEC24D, MFN2, HS3ST3B1, USP15, MVP, NR1I3, NR1H4, TANK, SRA1, CHAF1A, TRAP1, BCAP31, NAMPT, ZNF197, TRIM13, EIF1, CDK2AP2, PAK4, CXCL14, GOSR1, NR1I2, EEF1E1, SPHK1, SQSTM1, CCNA1, AP1M1, P4HA2, SELENBP1, AIP, PAPSS1, RGN, NMI, CCNE2, PDCD5, EXO1, MYOM2, IL1RL1, DCLK1, MTA2, MSC, AIMP1, CD163, TCEAL1, SNAP29, TMPRSS11D, NCR1, GSTO1, MAP4K4, HOMER1, GAL3ST1, GDF15, TERF1, TMBIM6, TDG, SLC25A3, SERPINE2, PIGR, PIN4, PLSCR1, PMS2, POMC, PON1, POU2F1, PPP1R1A, PPP2CA, PTPA, SRGN, PRKAA2, PRKAB1, PRKAR1A, PRKCSH, PRKDC, PROX1, KLK10, PSAP, PSMA1, PSMA3, PSMA7, PSMB8, PSMD8, PSMD9, PSMD10, PTH, PTK2, SERPINA1, ABCB4, PTPN3, ABCB1, MSRA, MTRR, MVK, NBN, NDUFB2, NEDD4, NFATC1, NFE2L2, NME1, NOTCH4, NPC1, NPM1, NPR2, NRF1, NUCB1, NUP88, OAS3, SIX6, ORM1, PEBP1, FURIN, PRDX1, PAK1, REG3A, PCNA, PCYT1A, PDE4A, PDR, PGF, PTN, PTPN6, TCF3, SRSF4, SHMT2, SKIV2L, SLA, SLC5A5, SLC6A2, SLC6A8, SLC12A3, SLC22A1, SMARCC1, SIGLEC1, SNCA, SOAT1, SP1, UAP1, SPG7, SPINT1, SRPK2, SSRP1, ST14, AURKA, STK11, SUV39H1, SYK, SYT1, ADAM17, MAP3K7, TAT, TBX1, TBP, SHBG, SRSF3, PTPN12, SFRP2, PTPRC, PTPRH, RAB5A, RAB5B, RAC1, RAD51, RAD52, RAG1, RAG2, RAP1A, OPN1LW, RELA, RFX1, RHEB, RNASE1, RNASE3, SNORA73A, RORA, RPS6KB1, RPS15A, RPS19, CLIP1, S100A6, SALL1, TSPAN31, CCL8, CCL13, CCL14, SDC2, TGFB3
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Onychomycosis
Wikipedia
Medications [ edit ] Most treatments are with antifungal medications either topically or by mouth. [2] Avoiding use of antifungal therapy by mouth (e.g. terbinafine ) in persons without a confirmed infection is recommended because of the possible side effects of that treatment. [19] Topical agents include ciclopirox nail paint, amorolfine , and efinaconazole . [22] [23] [24] Some topical treatments need to be applied daily for prolonged periods (at least 1 year). [23] Topical amorolfine is applied weekly. [25] Topical ciclopirox results in a cure in 6% to 9% of cases; amorolfine might be more effective. [2] [23] Ciclopirox when used with terbinafine appears to be better than either agent alone. [2] In trials, about 17% of people were cured using efinaconazole as opposed to 4% of people using placebo. [26] Although eficonazole, P-3051 (ciclopirox 8% hydrolacquer), and tavaborole are effective at treating fungal infection of toenails, complete cure rates are low. [27] Medications that may be taken by mouth include terbinafine (76% effective), itraconazole (60% effective) and fluconazole (48% effective). [2] They share characteristics that enhance their effectiveness: prompt penetration of the nail and nail bed, [28] and persistence in the nail for months after discontinuation of therapy. [29] Ketoconazole by mouth is not recommended due to side effects. [30] Oral terbinafine is better tolerated than itraconazole. [31] For superficial white onychomycosis, systemic rather than topical antifungal therapy is advised. [32] Other [ edit ] Chemical ( keratolytic ) or surgical debridement of the affected nail appears to improve outcomes. [2] As of 2014 evidence for laser treatment is unclear as the evidence is of low quality [33] and varies by type of laser. [34] Tea tree oil is not recommended as a treatment, since it is not effective and can irritate the surrounding skin. [35] Cost [ edit ] United States [ edit ] According to a 2015 study, the cost in the United States of testing with the periodic acid–Schiff stain (PAS) was about $148.
- Tennis Elbow Wikipedia
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Haemophilia
Wikipedia
A blood test will also be able to identify whether a child has haemophilia A or B, and how severe it is. [22] Classification [ edit ] There are several types of haemophilia: haemophilia A , haemophilia B , haemophilia C , parahaemophilia , acquired haemophilia A , and acquired haemophilia B . [25] [26] [27] [28] Haemophilia A, is a recessive X-linked genetic disorder resulting in a deficiency of functional clotting Factor VIII. [26] Haemophilia B, is also a recessive X-linked genetic disorder involving a lack of functional clotting Factor IX. [29] Haemophilia C, is an autosomal genetic disorder involving a lack of functional clotting Factor XI .COX8A, F9, F8, TFPI, F2, ZAP70, AK3, PROC, F3, VWF, CCR5, F10, VIPR1, PROCR, TNF, F5, AAVS1, MTHFR, IFNA2, ADAMTS5, ABR, HAL, PRNP, PROS1, GH1, AMBP, IFNL3, CPB2, SLC4A1, HPSE2, TAL1, C4orf3, ASPG, PRDX2, THBD, IL33, CARD14, UPF3B, KRT20, NT5C2, LAP, HAP1, ARTN, SCLY, CD163, ABCB6, SERPINA10, SOST, FOXP3, ST14, NHS, SELP, GPT, AGRP, APC, APOH, BPI, C4BPA, CALR, MS4A1, CLTC, CSF2, DMD, DPP4, F7, G6PD, HLA-A, CCL3L1, HLA-B, HNF4A, ICAM1, IL2RA, IL6, ISG20, KRT7, LTF, MRC1, NFYA, TNFRSF11B, SERPINA5, SERPINE2, C20orf181
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Progressive Supranuclear Palsy
Wikipedia
Frontal PSP initially presents with behavioral and cognitive symptoms, with or without ophthalmoparesis and then evolve into typical PSP. [6] The phenotypes of PSP-P and PSP-PAGF are sometimes referred as the ‘brain stem’ variants of PSP, as opposed to the ‘cortical’ variants which present with predominant cortical features including PSP-CBS, PSP-bvFTD, and PSP-PNFA. [28] Cerebellar ataxia as the predominant early presenting feature is increasingly recognized as a very rare subtype of PSP (PSP-C) which is associated with severe neuronal loss with gliosis and higher densities of coiled bodies in the cerebellar dentate nucleus. [29] Differential diagnosis [ edit ] PSP is frequently misdiagnosed as Parkinson's disease because they both involve slowed movements and gait difficulty, with PSP being one of a collection of diseases referred to as Parkinson plus syndromes .MAPT, STX6, MOBP, EIF2AK3, SRSF2, TRA2B, SLCO1A2, TRIM11, SP1, PSPH, REG1A, SNCA, RIDA, STXBP3, MSMB, PSPN, TPO, CD8B, ASAP1, RUNX2, BPIFA2, PIK3C2G, IRF4, APOE, SLC6A3, TARDBP, LRRK2, NEFL, SOD1, CIT, C9orf72, CSF2, MAOB, GRN, LAMC2, DCTN1, STH, SMUG1, PRKN, UBB, PYCARD, NPC1, APP, TYMS, CRHR1, TH, TGM2, SLC25A38, ATXN2, GFAP, IGLON5, CST3, NPEPPS, VEGFA, RAB35, YWHAE, OGA, CXCR4, PICALM, NPC2, SNCAIP, BSN, MAP3K14, OPN1MW3, DUSP10, ARL17B, ROCK2, SCRN1, MAP4K4, NF1P1, UNC13A, DNAJB1P1, FLAD1, UBASH3B, SPECC1, FOXP2, RMDN2, ASXL1, MCIDAS, SETX, MIR132, MIR518E, GGTLC5P, GGTLC3, GGT2, OPN1MW2, CTNNBL1, SYBU, PSPC1, RMDN3, LRRC37A4P, TET2, TMEM106B, TREM2, LCMT1, PPME1, RMDN1, GGTLC4P, PSAT1, TBK1, CSDC2, LMOD1, SF3B1, MINK1, NAT1, TPI1, OPN1MW, FMR1, MTOR, FUS, GABPA, GABRG2, GBA, GGT1, EGFR, GLDC, GSTM1, NRG1, HSPA4, DNAJB1, IFNG, ERBB4, DLX1, IGFALS, CASP3, AP2A2, ANXA6, KLK3, BDNF, BNIP1, BRCA1, CBS, ACE, CDK5, CHI3L1, CLU, CRP, CTSS, CYP2D6, IGF1, IL2, TP53BP1, MAP2K4, PSEN2, PTEN, PTPRC, RAPSN, ROCK1, ATXN8OS, NAT2, PROS1, SPOCK1, SPP1, TCOF1, TGFB1, TGM1, TNF, PSEN1, PRNP, IL6, NR4A2, IRS1, MUSK, NFE2L2, NGF, NOS1, NSF, PAEP, PTPA, PAFAH1B1, PDK1, PIN1, PLAG1, PLCG2, PLXNA2, ATXN2-AS
- Prosopagnosia Wikipedia
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Lassa Fever
Wikipedia
Abortion decreases the risk of death to the mother. [26] Some survivors experience lasting effects of the disease, [27] and can include partial or complete deafness. [1] Because of treatment with ribavirin , fatality rates have declined. [28] [29] Epidemiology [ edit ] Lassa fever distribution.
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Acute Myeloid Leukemia
Wikipedia
While an excess of abnormal white blood cells ( leukocytosis ) is a common finding with the leukemia, and leukemic blasts are sometimes seen, AML can also present with isolated decreases in platelets , red blood cells , or even with a low white blood cell count ( leukopenia ). [26] While a presumptive diagnosis of AML can be made by examination of the peripheral blood smear when there are circulating leukemic blasts, a definitive diagnosis usually requires an adequate bone marrow aspiration and biopsy as well as ruling out pernicious anemia (Vitamin B12 deficiency), folic acid deficiency and copper deficiency . [27] [28] [29] [30] Marrow or blood is examined under light microscopy , as well as flow cytometry , to diagnose the presence of leukemia, to differentiate AML from other types of leukemia (e.g. acute lymphoblastic leukemia – ALL), and to classify the subtype of disease. ... Indian Journal of Hematology & Blood Transfusion . 28 (2): 89–96. doi : 10.1007/s12288-011-0110-2 .FLT3, NPM1, KIT, RUNX1T1, RUNX1, CD33, KMT2A, BCL2, KRAS, IDH2, AQP9, FAS, TRH, TERT, SGK1, TCEA2, TRIO, TSC2, SVIL, STAT3, TUBB2A, SPI1, SPARC, SH3GL1, ADCY7, S100A10, S100A8, RGS2, PXDN, NECTIN2, PVR, PTPN11, POU4F1, PDE4B, NUP98, NTRK3, NRAS, WT1, ASMTL, NUP214, MLLT10, MALAT1, AGRN, SPRY4, VOPP1, BAALC, NSD1, BACH2, KMT2C, ENAH, ASXL2, FXYD6, CHMP5, ZBTB7A, EHD3, CHIC2, VSIG4, PSIP1, PIM2, EHMT2, SEPTIN9, GAS2L1, IFI30, RASGRP1, SYNGR1, DLEU2, INPP4B, TNFSF10, MYH11, PICALM, NF1, MYC, LPAR1, CTSH, MECOM, ETV6, ERG, EPHX1, ENO2, EIF4EBP1, CASP7, DNMT3A, DHX15, DAPK1, CTSZ, CTNNA1, CCND2, CST3, CSF3, CSF2, CSF1R, CNR2, CEBPD, CEBPA, CDK6, RUNX3, CBFB, CD44, FHL2, CD9, FOXO1, GATA2, ANXA2, MX1, ANXA4, MN1, MLF1, ANXA5, MET, ANXA6, LYL1, LPP, ATP1B1, JAK2, CAPG, CAPN2, IDH1, ID2, HSPB1, HOXA9, HGF, H1-2, H1-0, GTF2I, GFI1, TP53, MIR181A1HG, MPO, MIR378A, CDH1, SEPTIN6, NCAM1, RET, RARA, CCND1, LIN28A, LCP2, ABCB1, OPRK1, MYBL1, MIR223, NCF1, ANPEP
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Pellagra
Wikipedia
In the 19th century Roussel started a campaign in France to restrict consumption of maize and eradicated the disease in France, but it remained endemic in many rural areas of Europe. [27] Because pellagra outbreaks occurred in regions where maize was a dominant food crop, the most convincing hypothesis during the late nineteenth century, as espoused by Cesare Lombroso , was that the maize either carried a toxic substance or was a carrier of disease. [28] Louis Sambon, an Anglo-Italian doctor working at the London School of Tropical Medicine, was convinced that pellagra was carried by an insect, along the lines of malaria.
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Common Cold
Wikipedia
Common viral infection of the upper respiratory tract Common cold Other names Cold, acute viral nasopharyngitis, nasopharyngitis, viral rhinitis, rhinopharyngitis, acute coryza, head cold [1] Upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) [2] A representation of the molecular surface of one variant of human rhinovirus Specialty Infectious disease Symptoms Cough, sore throat, runny nose, fever [3] [4] Complications Usually none, but occasionally otitis media , sinusitis , pneumonia and sepsis can occur [5] Usual onset ~2 days from exposure [6] Duration 1–3 weeks [3] [7] Causes Viral (Usually Rhinovirus ) [8] Diagnostic method Based on symptoms Differential diagnosis Allergic rhinitis , bronchitis , pertussis , sinusitis [5] Prevention Hand washing, face masks, cough etiquette, avoiding sick people [3] [9] Treatment Symptomatic therapy , [3] zinc [10] Medication NSAIDs [11] Frequency 2–4 per year (adults); 6–8 per year (young children) [12] The common cold , also known simply as a cold , is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the respiratory mucosa of the nose , throat , sinuses , and larynx . [6] [8] Signs and symptoms may appear less than two days after exposure to the virus. [6] These may include coughing , sore throat , runny nose , sneezing , headache , and fever . [3] [4] People usually recover in seven to ten days, [3] but some symptoms may last up to three weeks. [7] Occasionally, those with other health problems may develop pneumonia . [3] Well over 200 virus strains are implicated in causing the common cold, with rhinoviruses being the most common. [13] They spread through the air during close contact with infected people or indirectly through contact with objects in the environment, followed by transfer to the mouth or nose. [3] Risk factors include going to child care facilities, not sleeping well , and psychological stress . [6] The symptoms are mostly due to the body's immune response to the infection rather than to tissue destruction by the viruses themselves. [14] The symptoms of influenza are similar to those of a cold, although usually more severe and less likely to include a runny nose . [6] [15] There is no vaccine for the common cold. [3] The primary methods of prevention are handwashing ; not touching the eyes, nose or mouth with unwashed hands; and staying away from sick people . [3] Some evidence supports the use of face masks . [9] There is also no cure , but the symptoms can be treated. [3] Zinc may reduce the duration and severity of symptoms if started shortly after the onset of symptoms. [10] Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen may help with pain. [11] Antibiotics , however, should not be used, as all colds are caused by viruses, [16] and there is no good evidence that cough medicines are effective. [6] [17] The common cold is the most frequent infectious disease in humans. [18] Under normal circumstances, the average adult gets two to three colds a year, while the average child may get six to eight. [8] [12] Infections occur more commonly during the winter. [3] These infections have existed throughout human history. [19] Contents 1 Signs and symptoms 1.1 Progression 2 Cause 2.1 Viruses 2.2 Transmission 2.3 Weather 2.4 Other 3 Pathophysiology 4 Diagnosis 5 Prevention 6 Management 6.1 Symptomatic 6.2 Antibiotics and antivirals 6.3 Zinc 6.4 Alternative medicine 6.5 Vitamins C and D 7 Prognosis 8 Epidemiology 9 History 10 Society and culture 11 Research directions 12 References 12.1 Works cited 13 External links Signs and symptoms Woman with symptoms of the common cold The typical symptoms of a cold include cough , runny nose , sneezing , nasal congestion , and a sore throat , sometimes accompanied by muscle ache , fatigue , headache , and loss of appetite . [20] A sore throat is present in about 40% of cases and a cough in about 50%, [8] while muscle ache occurs in about half. [4] In adults, a fever is generally not present but it is common in infants and young children. [4] The cough is usually mild compared to that accompanying influenza . [4] While a cough and a fever indicate a higher likelihood of influenza in adults, a great deal of similarity exists between these two conditions. [21] A number of the viruses that cause the common cold may also result in asymptomatic infections . [22] [23] The color of the mucus or nasal secretion may vary from clear to yellow to green and does not indicate the class of agent causing the infection. [24] Progression A cold usually begins with fatigue, a feeling of being chilled, sneezing, and a headache, followed in a couple of days by a runny nose and cough. [20] Symptoms may begin within sixteen hours of exposure [25] and typically peak two to four days after onset. [4] [26] They usually resolve in seven to ten days, but some can last for up to three weeks. [7] The average duration of cough is eighteen days [27] and in some cases people develop a post-viral cough which can linger after the infection is gone. [28] In children, the cough lasts for more than ten days in 35–40% of cases and continues for more than 25 days in 10%. [29] Cause Viruses Coronaviruses are a group of viruses known for causing the common cold. ... Archived from the original on 26 April 2009 . Retrieved 28 April 2009 . Works cited Eccles, Ronald; Weber, Olaf, eds. (2009).
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Botulism
Wikipedia
On egg yolk medium, toxin-producing colonies usually display surface iridescence that extends beyond the colony. [27] Prevention [ edit ] Although the vegetative form of the bacteria is destroyed by boiling, [28] [29] the spore itself is not killed by the temperatures reached with normal sea-level-pressure boiling, leaving it free to grow and again produce the toxin when conditions are right. [30] [31] A recommended prevention measure for infant botulism is to avoid giving honey to infants less than 12 months of age, as botulinum spores are often present. ... Archived from the original on 2016-10-07 . Retrieved 2016-09-28 . ^ Domingo RM, Haller JS, Gruenthal M (November 2008). ... PMID 12608715 . ^ "1 dead in botulism outbreak linked to Ohio church potluck" . CNNWIRE. CNN. 28 April 2015. Archived from the original on 22 July 2015 .
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Egg Allergy
Wikipedia
Egg are specifically mentioned as a causative food. [25] [26] [27] One theory is that exercise is stimulating the release of mediators such as histamine from IgE-activated mast cells. [27] Two of the reviews postulate that exercise is not essential for the development of symptoms, but rather that it is one of several augmentation factors, citing evidence that the culprit food in combination with alcohol or aspirin will result in a respiratory anaphylactic reaction. [25] [27] Mechanisms [ edit ] Conditions caused by food allergies are classified into three groups according to the mechanism of the allergic response: [28] IgE-mediated (classic) – the most common type, manifesting acute changes that occur shortly after eating, and may progress to anaphylaxis Non-IgE mediated – characterized by an immune response not involving immunoglobulin E ; may occur hours to days after eating, complicating diagnosis IgE and non-IgE-mediated – a hybrid of the above two types Allergic reactions are hyperactive responses of the immune system to generally innocuous substances, such as proteins in the foods we eat. ... Archived (PDF) from the original on October 28, 2013 . Retrieved May 27, 2013 . ^ a b Grohskopf LA, Sokolow LZ, Broder KR; et al. (2017). ... Archived from the original on 2009-06-28. ^ Grimbaldeston MA, Metz M, Yu M, Tsai M, Galli SJ (2006). ... J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol . 25 (5): 316–28, quiz 2 p following 328. PMID 26727760 . ^ Lambert R, Grimshaw KE, Ellis B, Jaitly J, Roberts G (2017).
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Neuroendocrine Tumor
Wikipedia
Pituitary gland : Neuroendocrine tumor of the anterior pituitary Thyroid gland : Neuroendocrine thyroid tumors, particularly medullary carcinoma Parathyroid tumors Thymus and mediastinal carcinoid tumors [8] [9] Pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors [10] [11] bronchus [9] pulmonary carcinoid tumors: typical carcinoid (TC; low-grade); atypical carcinoid (AC; intermediate-grade) small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung (LCNEC) [12] Extrapulmonary small cell carcinomas (ESCC or EPSCC) Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET) [13] [14] Foregut GEP-NET (foregut tumors can conceptually encompasses not only NETs of the stomach and proximal duodenum, but also the pancreas, and even thymus, lung and bronchus) [ citation needed ] Pancreatic endocrine tumors (if considered separately from foregut GEP-NET) [15] Midgut GEP-NET (from distal half of 2nd part of the duodenum to the proximal two-thirds of the transverse colon) appendix, [16] including well differentiated NETs (benign); well differentiated NETs (uncertain malignant potential); well differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma (with low malignant potential); mixed exocrine-neuroendocrine carcinoma (goblet cell carcinoma, also called adenocarcinoid and mucous adenocarcinoid) Hindgut GEP-NET [17] [18] Liver [19] [20] [21] and gallbladder [22] Adrenal tumors, particularly adrenomedullary tumors Pheochromocytoma Peripheral nervous system tumors, such as: Schwannoma paraganglioma neuroblastoma Breast [23] Genitourinary tract urinary tract carcinoid tumor and neuroendocrine carcinoma [24] [25] ovary neuroendocrine tumor of the cervix [26] Prostate tumor with neuroendocrine differentiation [27] [28] testes Merkel cell carcinoma of skin (trabecular cancer) Several inherited conditions: [29] multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2) von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease [29] neurofibromatosis type 1 [30] [31] tuberous sclerosis [31] [32] Carney complex [33] [34] Grading [ edit ] Neuroendocrine lesions are graded histologically according to markers of cellular proliferation, rather than cellular polymorphism. ... World Journal of Clinical Oncology . 2 (1): 28–43. doi : 10.5306/wjco.v2.i1.28 .MEN1, CDKN1B, SSTR2, DAXX, ATRX, BRAF, TYMS, PTHLH, SSTR3, SSTR1, BAP1, MTOR, SST, GAST, SLC6A2, INSM1, CTNNB1, RET, PIK3CA, DNMT3A, POMC, EPHB1, PIK3CG, PIK3CD, CHGA, ELK3, CHEK2, PIK3CB, GRN, CD274, SMUG1, AKT1, GNA12, TP53, SYP, VEGFA, CDKN2A, ASCL1, BCL2, ENO2, NCAM1, GCG, MYCN, EGFR, MGMT, KIT, RASSF1, VHL, SCLC1, SSTR5, FOLH1, NKX2-1, KRAS, CALCA, CCND1, TAC1, PTPRF, VIP, NTS, PAX5, RHBDF2, GRP, IGF1, SDHD, GOT1, MAP2K7, CCK, ERBB2, DLL3, PPY, CXCL12, TP63, SMAD4, MUC1, INS, GCGR, CKAP4, NEUROD1, ISL1, MYC, NGF, SATB2, GLP1R, HSP90AA1, H3P10, HRAS, CHGB, CALR, NTRK1, TEK, DLK1, CDK4, CDX2, TGFA, UCHL1, RPE65, PGR, PDGFRA, CARTPT, CRH, UVRAG, SLC5A5, CXCR4, IGF1R, OTP, IL6, PHLDA3, TTF1, PAX8, TACR1, STK11, TRIM21, PLA2G15, SCG2, SQLE, SLC18A2, TERT, HDAC9, SLC2A1, PROM1, BCL2L11, NTSR1, PAX6, NAMPT, NOCT, INA, PLCB3, CD200, MKI67, PDX1, MAPK1, NES, HPSE, PTEN, STMN1, ABO, RIPK1, RORC, RAF1, IL1B, TRPV1, GATA3, ANGPT2, FOXM1, PTK2B, SDHAF2, ACCS, BDNF, EPAS1, EGF, ACSS2, MIB1, DNMT1, CCN2, TRPM8, CLDN4, CPE, CD34, CD44, FLNA, CEACAM5, B3GAT1, GH1, GIP, GHSR, GIPR, ADCY2, ALB, H3P28, TPPP2, H4C5, GGH, MIR1290, TMEM209, ELOA3, H4C13, H4C14, GPR151, SRPX, LGR5, TNFSF11, PSMG1, DCBLD2, H4-16, NRP1, MRGPRX4, SOCS1, H4C2, MIR3137, MRGPRX3, TNFRSF25, H3P12, CYYR1, AZIN2, DNER, AK6, MLIP, LMLN, NRP2, GPR68, MIR1246, H4C8, MAFK, MIR150, MIR155, MBOAT4, H4C9, MIR21, POTEKP, VN1R17P, SNORD95, GPR166P, ARID1A, EID3, SLC7A5, MIR375, H4C15, FZD4, MIRLET7C, OXER1, H4C12, HMGA2, H4C3, ARX, ELOA3B, GPRC6A, H4C11, H4C6, C17orf97, POTEM, MRGPRX1, ARMH1, H4C1, GADL1, ACTBL2, H4C4, BRI3, SQSTM1, ISYNA1, GHRL, ACOT7, KLF12, KRT20, SLC27A4, TET2, BCOR, EBNA1BP2, RALBP1, PGRMC1, LAMTOR1, FBXW7, MEG3, MAML3, TMEM127, NTNG1, ATRAID, KHDRBS1, DCTN4, SNORD61, NUP62, SNORD48, NTSR2, LPAR3, MAPK8IP2, SRRM2, BRD4, TRAM1, SPINK4, XIST, PPWD1, RBMS3, SETD1B, ZHX2, TNFSF13B, USE1, MAK16, UBE2Z, ONECUT2, FHL5, GCM2, DCLK1, ZBED1, ARHGEF2, PALB2, ALG9, SNED1, TET1, PDCD1LG2, TMPRSS13, MTA1, RPAIN, H1-10, EEF1E1, LGR6, PRMT5, NEUROD4, YAP1, SCML2, LANCL1, PAK4, RABEPK, ZNF197, CTNNBL1, PNO1, INSL5, EPB41L5, HDAC5, AKT3, CD302, GBA3, DCAF1, ATAT1, SERPINA3, VCL, CGA, ESR1, ERBB4, EPHB2, E2F1, DUSP2, DSG3, DPT, DPP4, DMBT1, DDC, DAD1, VCAN, CREB1, CRABP1, KLF6, CLU, FOXN3, CEACAM7, CEACAM3, ESR2, ETFA, EZH2, GHRH, HSPA4, AGFG1, HMOX1, HMGA1, GTF2H1, GSN, GNAS, GNA15, GFRA1, F3, GDNF, FSHR, FLT4, FLII, FLI1, FOXO1, FHIT, FGFR4, CGB3, CFL1, UQCRFS1, CDKN2C, FAS, APRT, APLP1, XIAP, APC, SLC25A6, SLC25A4, ANGPT1, ALK, AKT2, AFP, PARP1, ADCYAP1R1, ADCYAP1, ACVRL1, ACTN4, ACTG2, ACTG1, ACR, AQP4, ARF1, ATM, CASP3, CDK6, CD40LG, CD36, CD33, CCNE1, CCKBR, SERPINA6, CAV1, CA9, ATOH1, VPS51, C5, BRS3, BRCA2, DST, BAX, AVP, ATP4A, HTC2, HTR2A, TNC, IAPP, SDC1, SCT, SORT1, RNASE3, RARB, PTPRZ1, PTPRM, PTBP1, PSMD7, PSG2, PRKAR1A, PPP4C, POU4F1, PNN, PKD2, PITX2, PCYT1A, SERPINA5, PAX4, SDCBP, SDHB, SDHC, ST2, UBE2I, TPM3, TPH1, TNF, TM7SF2, TERC, TAT, STAT3, SSTR4, SEMA3F, SSR2, SOX11, SOX4, SOX2, SLPI, SLC3A2, SLC1A5, SFRP1, PAK3, PAK1, TNFRSF11B, KIF11, MDK, MAOA, LCN2, RPSA, L1CAM, KRT19, KRT7, KRT5, IL12A, MET, IL9, CXCL8, IL2, IL1A, IGFBP1, IGF2, IFNA13, IFNA1, MDM2, MFAP1, ODC1, MUTYH, NTRK2, NT5E, NRAS, NOTCH3, NPY, NOTCH1, NFKB1, NEFM, MUC4, CD99, NUDT1, COX2, MTAP, MST1R, MST1, MSMB, MMP7, MLH1, PTPRC
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Diabetic Retinopathy
Wikipedia
There may be artefacts caused by dust, dirt, condensation, or smudge. [25] Screening [ edit ] In the UK, screening for diabetic retinopathy is part of the standard of care for people with diabetes. [26] After one normal screening in people with diabetes, further screening is recommended every two years. [27] In the UK, this is recommended every year. [28] Teleophthalmology has been employed in these programs. [29] In The U.S, a current guideline for diabetic retinopathy is recommendation of annual dilated exams for all patients with diabetes. ... Seminars in Ophthalmology . 32 (1): 22–28. doi : 10.1080/08820538.2016.1228403 .ICAM1, AGT, CASP3, THBS1, VEGFA, SIRT1, PON1, CRP, AGTR1, SOD1, AGER, GAD2, NOS3, CCL2, SERPINF1, AKR1B1, HIF1A, PGF, NFE2L2, EDN1, ANGPT2, CAT, BDNF, INS, CCN2, FGF2, PPARGC1A, FLT1, OCLN, CLDN1, GAPDH, CD59, SERPINA3, NUTF2, KDM1A, MFN2, BDKRB2, HRAS, ITGA4, KCNJ10, BDKRB1, NOS1, FUCA1, TIMM44, NPR3, IGF1R, AQP4, CYBA, EP300, VTN, KEAP1, ARHGAP22, NOX4, PLXDC2, MYSM1, HS6ST3, NLRP3, KIAA0825, EPO, LINC01611, IGF1, LMO7-AS1, LINC02774, MAN2A1, IL1B, IL6, LMO7, MMP9, RBFOX1, MTHFR, SERPINE1, PDR, PLXNA2, TBC1D4, ACE, UCHL3, TNF, PPARG, LINC02196, ALB, MALAT1, KDR, REN, PPARA, SOD2, TXNIP, IL10, TLR4, MOK, GLP1R, EHMT1, GCG, MIR126, TGFB1, TTR, UCP2, DECR1, ADIPOQ, AKT1, AKR1A1, FN1, PIK3CG, PIK3CD, PIK3CB, MAPK3, PIK3CA, GFER, LOX, GABPA, SLC2A1, GFAP, KMT2D, VDR, ZGLP1, ROBO4, RBP4, VCAM1, TXN, MMP2, MIR200B, TCF7L2, LGALS1, HMGB1, SST, CD34, GOLGA6A, MIAT, RCBTB1, ITGA2, PNPLA2, RHO, ALOX15, SORD, HP, LTA, APOE, AIF1, IL27, APOA1, KNG1, NFKB1, IL17A, LILRB1, HEMGN, STK38, P2RX7, MYDGF, SUCNR1, RPE, RENBP, SP1, RAC1, PTX3, PSMD9, PRL, STAT3, MAPK1, PRKCB, TEK, MEG3, VEGFC, IL17D, POSTN, GH1, EGFR, MIR21, MIR15A, GSTT1, PARP1, CYBB, DPP4, MIR29A, RMC1, WNK1, PRKCA, MIR29B1, PRKCZ, SLC19A3, GORASP1, MIR29B2, ENG, PTGS2, SCG3, MAP1LC3B, CXCR4, ANGPTL4, PLG, ANGPTL3, GSTM1, FGF21, CASP1, PECAM1, PDGFRB, POU2F3, OPN4, PRRT2, NRP1, SRR, MIR30B, GJA1, EPHB2, CTNNB1, SYT1, FOXO1, SMPD1, HNF1A, SLC5A2, NME1-NME2, SELP, SELE, TIMP3, ADA2, TLR2, CTSD, SIRT6, MIR20B, APLN, CTNNBL1, MZB1, MIR383, GP6, ROS1, BCL2, MIR133B, UCP1, MIR150, RELA, RBP3, ALDH2, ACE2, GHRH, LRG1, SPARC, NPY, CAPN10, IL1A, CLDN7, NTN1, MBL2, IL4, LRP6, IL18, LPA, CXCL10, HCAR2, CNR1, INSR, ADCYAP1, LCN1, IRS1, MIR15B, HMGA1, KLKB1, TNFSF15, KCNQ1OT1, KCNJ11, CHN2, ATP6AP2, HOXB3, LIPG, HDAC6, HFE, CORT, IGFBP3, MIR145, MIR146A, CD40, SIRT3, NME2, CLDN19, NGF, CD36, NOS2, CCN1, TNC, CFH, CDKN2B-AS1, TUBD1, UTS2, NFAT5, SMOX, MIR1470, NES, HOTAIR, MTCO2P12, MIR2116, MIR543, ANXA2, TLR7, ISYNA1, RN7SL263P, EMCN, FOXO6, TLR9, ARPP21, HPSE, RBPMS, HOTTIP, ING4, IGHD1-14, SIRT5, INTU, NOX1, SIRT4, PABPC1, CCR2, ANGPT1, POLDIP2, RNF19A, TARDBP, HEY1, TXN2, IL17RA, CASP14, ADNP, REM1, RGCC, BANCR, ACP1, SDS, ATP6V0A2, MIR3197, RMDN1, SCAF8, NLRP1, ANPEP, TVP23B, MBL3P, MMRN1, NOX3, ATF6, ANG, FBXO8, MIR152, CPVL, PPARGC1B, MIR203A, MIR204, TMEM217, CNKSR3, RMDN2, GPBAR1, ROMO1, UPRT, MAGEC3, ACVR1C, TAS1R3, KLHDC7A, C1QTNF3, MIR211, UCN3, AZIN2, GORAB, SNHG7, IGSF21, ZNRF1, AHSG, H19, MIR195, OR10A4, MIR148A, MIR144, MIR122, FENDRR, LIN28B, LEKR1, HES5, MIR155, ARMS2, SUMO4, ENHO, MALRD1, MIR17, GADL1, ADRB3, C1QTNF9, MIR183, JAG1, MIR192, MIR217, MIR219A1, MIR590, STAP2, AKR1B10, FAM20C, MIR384, SLC50A1, MYO5C, ANGPTL8, ADCY10, MCTP2, SYBU, MIR451A, MIR221, MIR146B, TMEM63B, FBXW7, RMDN3, ENOX1, CDKAL1, MIR411, MIR449B, CCHCR1, CCNL1, MIR377, MIR93, PLXDC1, MIR223, MIR23B, PLVAP, COLEC12, COL18A1, MIR27A, SCUBE1, ARMC9, MIR27B, RTN4R, MIR28, PINK1, MRPL14, FBRS, VSIR, MIR30A, PRDM16, TRPV4, MIR320A, SESN2, CYP2C19, AHSA1, CXCL8, CDH13, LGALS3, AFF3, KIF11, KLK1, KCNQ1, JUND, JUNB, JUN, ITGB3, CCR5, CNTF, ABCB1, IL1RN, COL11A2, IKBKB, IGL, COMP, IFNG, IDUA, IDE, ID2, MAP3K8, HSPB2, LRP1, CDH5, MEFV, MME, CASP8, PCSK2, SERPINB2, RUNX2, PEBP1, TNFRSF11B, OGG1, NVL, NUCB2, NT5E, CD14, PNP, NOVA1, NOTCH2, NID1, NGFR, NFKBIA, NF1, CD40LG, COX2, MMP10, CD74, MMP3, HSPB1, HSPA5, HNF4A, CRX, MAPK14, FOSB, FOS, FLT4, CST3, FGF13, FGF3, PTK2B, FABP4, FAAH, F2, ERCC4, ERCC1, ERBB3, EPHB1, CTSH, ELK3, ELAVL2, ELANE, EGF, DUSP1, DSPP, SARDH, GAD1, CRK, HLA-DQB1, GCK, HLA-A, HK2, ATF2, HHEX, HGF, H1-2, GUCA1A, GSTP1, GSR, GRM5, NR3C1, GRIK2, GRB2, GPX4, GNAT1, GLUL, GLO1, GLI1, GCLC, GIP, GH2, GGT1, GDNF, CA1, SERPINA1, TXNRD2, XBP1, B4GALT2, AOC3, API5, OGT, LOH19CR1, HMGA2, AIMP2, PLA2G7, ST8SIA4, SLMAP, CNBP, VWF, PLAU, AVP, VPREB1, VLDLR, VIP, VIM, BAX, UPP1, UMOD, SUMO1, UBE2I, TYRP1, CTSF, FGF16, PROM1, TSC22D1, CARM1, YAP1, RAPGEF3, SEMA3A, SIGMAR1, APOB, AKT3, ARF6, ATF4, HDAC9, CLOCK, VPS26A, TBPL1, ROCK2, ABCG2, GRAP2, KL, XPR1, ATM, SOCS3, SELENBP1, HSPB3, PER2, PHLDA2, TRPC1, CFB, RPS19, RPGR, ROCK1, RNASE3, RDH5, RARRES2, RAF1, PTPN1, PTN, PTEN, HTRA1, PRNP, MAPK13, MAPK7, PRKCD, PRKAB1, PRKAA2, PRKAA1, SRGN, C3, PPARD, PON2, C5AR1, VPS51, RPE65, RS1, TM7SF2, RXRG, TLE1, TIMP1, BMP4, SULT1A1, SPP1, SOD3, BSG, SLC12A3, SLC6A2, ACR, ST3GAL4, SHBG, SELL, SDHB, CXCL12, SDC1, CX3CL1, CCL21, CCL15, CCL8, CCL3, SERPING1, S100A12, VAV2
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Oral Pigmentation
Wikipedia
A biopsy may be indicated where the following features are present: large or new-pigmented lesions and those with a papular appearance or irregular colouration. [28] Management [ edit ] Physiological oral pigmentation [ edit ] Physiological pigmentation is considered of normal variation.
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Osteoarthritis
Wikipedia
The breakdown of collagen fibers results in a net increase in water content. [28] [29] [30] [31] [32] This increase occurs because whilst there is an overall loss of proteoglycans (and thus a decreased osmotic pull), [29] [33] it is outweighed by a loss of collagen. [27] [33] Without the protective effects of the proteoglycans, the collagen fibers of the cartilage can become susceptible to degradation and thus exacerbate the degeneration. ... Best Practice & Research. Clinical Rheumatology . 28 (3): 353–66. doi : 10.1016/j.berh.2014.08.002 . ... Arthritis and Osteoporosis Victoria . Archived from the original on 28 April 2015. ^ Sinusas K (January 2012). ... "Knee effusions, popliteal cysts, and synovial thickening: association with knee pain in osteoarthritis". The Journal of Rheumatology . 28 (6): 1330–7. PMID 11409127 . ^ Felson DT, Chaisson CE, Hill CL, Totterman SM, Gale ME, Skinner KM, Kazis L, Gale DR (April 2001).TGFB1, COMP, COL2A1, MATN3, ALDH1A2, DPEP1, GDF5, FRZB, PPARG, RUNX2, SMAD3, ASPN, IL1B, AGER, CTSK, SOD2, FGF18, CALCA, TGM2, CHI3L1, TRPV4, S100A4, CXCL2, CLU, EDIL3, SLC2A1, BMP4, CXCL6, VIM, ACTB, PLOD2, ENO1, LTBP3, AKR1C1, CTSD, TRIM2, BMP6, COL1A2, GSTK1, TFPI2, ETFA, ISOC2, SCRN1, SGCG, MSN, SDHA, CLIC1, TXNRD1, SDCBP, VDAC2, HADHA, TNFSF15, NDUFV1, NDUFS8, EZR, NME2, MYH13, IDH2, IDH3A, MVP, COL6A2, ESD, DPYSL2, OPA1, CLIC4, IMMT, HIBCH, EEF2, DAPP1, YWHAQ, FTL, P3H3, PDCD6IP, AKR1C2, GAPDH, SEC23A, PLCD1, ADGRG2, GLS, RCN3, TRAP1, ACAA2, DDX3X, RAN, PSMB1, PLS3, POU3F3, ACO1, PPP2R1A, AK4, PDHA1, ATP1A3, ATP6V1B2, ACAN, MMP13, COL1A1, SLC39A8, DOT1L, COL11A1, COL11A2, ANKH, FGFR3, GNL3, MEFV, COL9A1, F9, TGFA, MCF2L, CCN6, COL9A3, COG5, GNAS, GHR, CLCN7, DUS4L, LTBP1, LMNA, CHADL, UQCC1, SUPT3H, MAPT, SLC26A2, UNC5C, CAMK2B, COL9A2, GLIS3, SLC40A1, MYOF, PDE1C, SPP1, LMX1B, MMP1, AVL9, DKK1, HECW1, F8, MMP3, CTNNB1, ADAMTS5, CCN2, STMN2, KIF26B, IL4, TBC1D1, STAT3, F2RL1, EXT2, EXT1, SOST, SYT1, DYNC1I1, ESR1, SIRT1, ANAPC4, EPHB2, RNF19A, EPAS1, TSKU, MAPK8, MAPK1, MIR140, CPSF6, CXCR4, PIK3CG, AIP, HGD, HIF1A, HLA-DPA1, HLA-DPB1, HMGB1, IL18, IL17A, HPGD, CRADD, IL10, AIMP2, VEGFA, ACLY, LINC02319, CXCL8, TNFSF11, MTCO2P12, IFNG, IGF1, SORBS2, H2BC4, IL6, IL1A, IL1RN, MSC, MFHAS1, AKT1, PRG4, LEP, TIMP1, TLR4, FN1, UFSP2, AHSA1, MTOR, GABPA, GBA, KIF22, ZMPSTE24, TRPS1, MPHOSPH9, ADIPOQ, RBM6, PHEX, AEBP1, PIK3CA, PIK3CB, PTGES, ITGA4, ADAMTS3, ADAMTS4, PIK3CD, VDR, GRAP2, TNF, POLDIP2, MAPK14, TMEM241, BGLAP, NLRP3, COL3A1, BCL2, BMP2, PTGS2, MIR146A, CASP3, KIRREL3, ZNF687, BTF3P11, FAM53A, OPCML, COL10A1, GPR101, NFE2L2, SCARB2, RELA, COL5A2, COL5A1, PTHLH, SLC44A2, KIF7, NAV3, CPNE4, TNFRSF11B, CRP, CANT1, GLT8D1, CRK, WNK1, NGF, SOX9, CXCL12, SCN3A, ATP7B, RETN, SCUBE1, COX2, GORASP1, CCL2, CMC1, RAPH1, RYR3, SFRP1, MMP9, FGF2, POSTN, HTRA1, GJA1, CCN4, MIR27A, CD44, PTH, FOS, MIR145, CALM1, HFE, HMOX1, NOTCH1, ACE, ADAM12, MAPK3, VIP, S100A8, VCAM1, TIMP3, TLR2, JUN, DIO2, CCR2, MMP2, ALOX5, WNT5A, BECN1, MIR223, EBI3, MIR34A, MIR21, ENPP1, DNMT3A, TNC, TP53, TLR3, CCL5, CXCL10, TGFBR1, LEPR, LGALS3, TGFBR2, NR1I2, CDKN2A, GRN, TIMP2, SLC52A1, IL23A, TTR, CD14, TAC1, BMP5, COL6A4P1, IL37, SMAD2, HOTAIR, PRKAA1, TNFRSF1B, UCMA, IL13, PRKAA2, P2RX7, DDR2, NFKB1, FOXO3, CLOCK, PPARA, CD68, PDCD5, GNAQ, LRRC32, MIR149, NOS2, TNFAIP6, CD40, OSM, HDAC4, MAP1LC3B, CNGB1, MIR130A, ELF3, ELAVL2, LGALS1, GREM1, EDN1, LPAR1, ICAM1, ADAM17, CCND1, BGN, BDNF, WNT16, RARRES2, PTEN, PLG, CSF2, IL11, MIR204, TGFB3, IL18R1, MMRN1, ALCAM, EZH2, PRKAB1, FTO, IL16, ALOX15, FGFR1, IL2, SQSTM1, TRPV1, IL34, IL1R1, HMGB2, NCOA3, MIA, TKTL1, MALAT1, CAT, MIR127, SPAG9, NM, CALM2, APLN, CASP1, KL, BMP7, SOCS1, PLAAT4, C4BPA, TNFRSF11A, S100A9, XIST, ROS1, POMC, MMP8, HAVCR2, TXN, ESR2, IL22, MIR373, PANK2, MFAP1, SERPINE1, CX3CL1, CNR1, FSTL1, FGF1, FCGR3B, THBS1, SGSH, SDC4, MIR17, PAEP, PRDX2, MIR93, ARNTL, CCR5, ADM, MIR98, S100B, TNFRSF1A, MIR483, YAP1, ABCB6, CXCR3, MEG3, MATN1, APRT, FAS, MIR206, TTN, GLI1, EGR1, MIR455, MIP, IL17F, CD86, IL33, SIRT6, SMAD1, GFER, SIRT3, CD46, MCL1, SOD1, AURKA, SLPI, SNRPN, IL7, ST14, MRC1, IL6ST, SRY, MGP, SREBF2, PLA2G4A, FOXO4, MMP7, IL5, TACR1, CCN3, MAP3K7, KNG1, TWIST1, NGFR, S100A12, JUNB, S100A11, JUND, TSC1, IRF5, KDR, IRF1, PECAM1, PRNP, MYD88, BEST1, SDC1, OPRK1, TGFB2, PITX1, MOK, LRP1, TCF4, ZFP36, FGF23, A2M, FOSB, CNMD, CDH11, MIR203A, AQP1, FABP4, PTK2B, PADI2, EFEMP1, FCGR3A, DANCR, MIR210, WWP2, MIR20A, ADAMTS16, FOXM1, HPSE, TNFSF13B, CALM3, FLT4, FMOD, CX3CR1, CXCL13, CALR, SULF1, ETS1, SEMA3A, DNMT3B, GDE1, DCN, TLR9, BAX, ATF3, MIR155, MIR15A, CHST11, DMD, NOX4, DPP4, TARDBP, EFEMP2, DUSP1, PYCARD, MIR195, HBP1, SULF2, TRPV5, ADAMTS9, PADI4, CEMIP, MIR23B, BSG, IL21, MIR590, CISH, ASPSCR1, MIR671, MIR27B, CARD14, WNT3A, HLA-DRB1, ACVRL1, CCN5, TNFRSF6B, VIM2P, ADAM15, RIPK1, HSPA4, HSPA5, ZC3H12A, TP63, CILP, IGF2, IGFBP7, CCN1, IL32, SOCS3, JAG1, GPR22, GLB1, MIR193B, LRPPRC, CASP8, ASPRV1, GPI, GLP1R, ADAMTS14, CCR6, CAPG, CXCL1, MIR29A, RENBP, CCL11, SYVN1, PAQR7, REN, S100A10, PTRH1, TRIM63, FOXD2-AS1, ROM1, CLEC4D, NEAT1, COPD, S100A1, OSCAR, PANX3, CTHRC1, HS6ST2, HMGA2, PTH1R, ARMH1, MIR29B2, MIR320A, PRKCZ, MIR337, MIR449A, MIR488, MIR146B, PRELP, MIR495, MIR634, PON1, ACTD, MIR675, TRAP, DIP, LINC01672, H3P13, H3P28, MIR30A, MIR29B1, REG1A, MIR26B, RSPO2, MIR126, MIR144, MIR181A2, MIR186, RAC1, PVT1, PTPN1, PTN, MIR19B1, PTK2, PTGS1, PTGER4, MIR211, PTCH1, PSMD7, MIR22, CCL17, BTNL2, ADAMTS12, CCL20, RABEPK, SIGMAR1, TRAF6, TRAF3, LANCL1, KLF2, TNNC1, RACK1, GPNMB, KHDRBS1, TIMP4, EBNA1BP2, ADAMTS7, THY1, THBS4, KDM6B, TGFBI, LRCH1, PHLPP1, CLEC3A, NAMPT, PIEZO1, SNURF, ULK1, TNKS, HYAL2, TNFSF14, TNFSF10, VTN, ARHGEF7, BUD31, PAPSS2, NR1D1, ARHGEF2, VEGFC, CRLF1, CD163, NTN1, ATG5, ADAMTS1, TYROBP, BRD4, PART1, PPP1R11, SFRP4, SMN2, SMN1, SEMA6A, CFAP97, GAS5, PCGEM1, SFTPD, XYLT1, SFRP2, ANP32A, SEMA4A, SELE, FBRS, SMURF2, ADIPOR2, XCL1, KLF3-AS1, CCL22, SUMO2, LGR4, OPTC, STAT1, FBXO8, BBC3, TBX5, DKK2, HPGDS, FOXP3, ASCC1, FIS1, ADIPOR1, PGPEP1, SSRP1, ANGPTL4, LEF1, NME8, HDAC7, SOX11, TREM1, EGLN1, PLCG1, H3P40, CRYAB, GGCX, NHS, CYBB, CYBA, NFATC2, CCR3, MSTN, HDAC2, CIRBP, ALPL, RPSA, STMN1, LCN2, MYOG, HDAC1, NODAL, C5AR1, CD82, CALCR, NQO1, CHAT, DECR1, OLR1, OMD, AGTR1, NTRK1, CHUK, FLT1, CHI3L2, NR4A1, FUT1, CYP19A1, CREB1, ANGPT1, MYC, MTRR, GZMA, STS, MMP12, GRIN2B, B2M, LUM, CXCL9, CXCR5, GLA, NR3C1, GRP, CRH, BDKRB2, CPB1, CRAT, MMP19, MPO, LRP5, HAS1, RHOB, LOXL2, GPR39, AR, CSF1R, CSF3, APOE, APOA1, LIF, ANXA6, MTF1, CMKLR1, ANK1, P2RX4, MRPL49, JAK2, PAX5, CCNB1, DNMT1, ETS2, ELANE, ESRRG, PCNA, CXCR1, HYAL1, CEBPB, IL15, CD34, IRF4, INHBA, ERN1, CDH5, IL9, ITGA6, CD38, IL6R, PRKN, PFKFB3, HOXD9, CXCR2, ITGB2, FHL2, CD19, DMP1, FGFR2, EGFR, CDKN2D, ITGB1, IL3, CASR, CDK2, MINDY4, ROPN1L, CNR2, COL8A2, SENP2, CXCL16, ZNF410, JAM3, KLHL42, TRIB3, SFMBT2, CDA, CPB2, VANGL2, CDK1, KDM2B, PBXIP1, CORT, AICDA, CDC42, SPZ1, ZNF469, CDH2, MAVS, RPTOR, SESN2, MICAL3, COMT, COL15A1, COL13A1, LGR6, SLC38A1, FAM3A, CENPE, RUBCNL, PINK1, CEBPD, SCD5, HDAC11, CDK15, SECISBP2, CHRM3, CAMKMT, CHGA, TPP1, NLRX1, C9orf16, MAPKAP1, PHF23, MMP28, IRX1, BHLHE41, TUT7, MUL1, CLC, CLEC7A, CDK9, PNPLA3, SLC5A7, CNC2, TLR10, LTB4R, CDKN1A, TXNDC5, CETP, NOD2, DCSTAMP, CEP70, HHIP, PPP1R2C, TET1, CCR7, CDSN, CCR4, TM2D3, ROBO3, HIF3A, MMP25, CPA6, PLAUR, SLC12A9, DYNC1LI1, DLL1, SPCS1, KLF15, SETD2, DVL2, MYLIP, CD274, ICOS, DSP, IL19, A1CF, RHOD, DSC3, ERVW-1, KCNIP3, RRM2B, MINK1, CD207, DLX5, IL20, IL21R, DLG4, TAS2R13, DIO3, DEFB4A, EXOSC3, NDUFA13, DHX9, RMDN1, SGSM3, E2F1, APEX2, SLC17A5, EPHA4, POT1, EPHA3, ENG, PCDHGA12, ELN, PRPF31, KIFBP, ELK1, ELAVL1, FGF21, EGR2, NUPR1, IL36RN, IL17B, EGF, RNU1-1, EFNB2, SIGLEC7, EEF1A1, FOXP1, B3GAT1, EDNRB, DKK3, EDNRA, AGO2, NAAA, E2F2, DCC, DCTN4, FAM20C, DBP, CSNK1E, CRTAC1, PIWIL2, RMDN3, CHDH, CSF1, CRYGD, TRPV6, SOX6, TENT5A, SYBU, SELENOS, HSH2D, CENPJ, HDAC8, PBK, ZC4H2, HAPLN1, BCAP29, MYDGF, CRHR2, CRHR1, METTL3, LTB4R2, CCL28, SAR1A, CREBBP, SPHK2, MEPE, CSPG4, MOCOS, TUG1, IL20RA, HSPA14, TLR7, SLC25A37, PHF21A, HOOK1, ANGPT4, CYP2D6, ISYNA1, UFC1, SIRT7, CYP1B1, CUX1, ADA2, RIPK4, CASZ1, CTSS, CTSL, CYTL1, WNT4, SIAE, DGCR8, SMOX, CPVL, DDIT4, CTSB, FBLIM1, CSTA, SLC25A10, ORAI1, LRG1, UBASH3B, CD53, MIR324, MIR335, ABCD2, MIR338, MIR340, MIR376C, MIR370, AKT2, MIR377, MIR384, MIR4435-2HG, MIR448, AIF1, MIR451A, MIR410, MIR485, AHR, AHCY, MIR202, APLNR, AGTR2, MIR502, MIR486-1, AGT, COL6A4P2, UCA1, NCF1, SPAG11A, GGTLC5P, MIR302D, MIR302B, MIR133B, ANPEP, MIR200B, ARG2, AREG, AQP9, FASLG, APP, MIR216A, MIR221, MIR23A, XIAP, MIR24-1, BIRC2, ANXA5, ANGPT2, GPR166P, MIR301A, MIR30B, MIR31, ANG, MIR33A, ALOX5AP, MIR95, ALDOA, MIR17HG, CCL3L3, MIAT, VN1R17P, ZFAS1, MIR33B, MIR558, MIR576, LOC102724197, ACR, HOTAIRM1, MELTF-AS1, SNHG16, COMMD3-BMI1, MIR4454, MIR4784, DNM3OS, ERVK-18, LINC-ROR, PRNCR1, LINC01534, THRIL, SIK1B, HOTTIP, CDR1-AS, PACERR, GACAT3, LINC02210-CRHR1, ABO, THRA1/BTR, CST12P, AOC1, LOC107987479, LOC112694756, LINC02605, ABCA1, ABAT, MIR4262, FAS-AS1, MIR577, GGTLC4P, MIR582, ADRB2, MIR602, MIR608, MIR615, PARP1, MIR641, GGTLC3, GGT2, HULC, ZBED3-AS1, ADCYAP1, PMS2P6, ADCY6, MIR1227, MIR454, ADAM10, ADAM8, CDKN2B-AS1, ADA, MIR216B, MIR940, ACVR1, ACTN1, ACP3, DEFB4B, MIR1246, MIR1277, RHOA, MIR19A, MIR199A2, CBLL2, RUNX1, DUSP19, LAYN, CASP10, CILP2, SIK1, CASP7, PLB1, GPBAR1, RMDN2, CAST, DDR1, AMOT, SYNE3, GPR151, ZNF780B, IFNLR1, OXER1, CHST13, VPS51, ADAMTS15, RHOV, NLRP6, PTCRA, PAOX, ADCY4, LCTL, NLRC3, SHROOM1, PPARGC1B, UNC5B, SAAL1, TMEM60, ABCC11, DCLK3, TSLP, CD47, CD36, UCN2, GGTLC1, MTDH, NAF1, DNER, MUC16, CD27, UCN3, SLCO6A1, TIRAP, TNFRSF13C, CD247, FOXP4, PRDX5, TADA1, MRGPRX3, MRGPRX4, KRIT1, CCK, RBM45, CCAL1, LRRC15, PRSS55, MARCHF8, MIR199A1, MIR141, MIRLET7E, MIR100, MIR106A, MIR107, MIR10A, MIR122, BDKRB1, BCS1L, TNFRSF17, MIR132, MIR137, MIR139, BCL9, MIR142, HES5, MIR143, BCL2L1, BAD, MIR148A, ATR, MIR150, SERPINC1, ASPA, ASIP, MIR181C, ARSA, MIR191, RHOH, SNX19, SNHG5, C4B, HNF1A-AS1, GPRC6A, SEMA3D, RICTOR, EBF3, TAC4, CASC2, PLA2G4F, MRGPRX1, ASPM, C3, IFNL1, C1R, B4GALNT3, PRTG, CA13, NUDT7, TSPO, FFAR4, BST2, AGBL3, ZFP36L1, BMPR1A, H3P44, ZACN, PADI6, BMI1, ATP9B, ENHO, EPHB4, ZNF423, SNHG1, NUP62, MAP3K3, STC1, MECP2, ABCC8, MDM4, MDM2, SMCP, MCAM, MAZ, TAT, TBX1, TAZ, SMAD4, MAD2L1, TCF3, TCF7L2, TRB, LRPAP1, TEK, TERF1, TFAM, TFAP2A, TFDP1, TFF1, TFF2, TFF3, LPP, TGFB1I1, LOX, MAP3K4, MAP3K5, MET, FSCN1, SHMT2, SHOX, MPST, SLC8A1, SLC14A1, SLC20A1, SLC20A2, SLC25A1, MPP1, SMARCA4, CD200, SUMO3, MOS, SOAT1, TRIM21, MMP14, SOD3, SOX2, SOX4, SOX5, MMP10, MAP3K11, SP1, SERPINA3, SREBF1, MIF, SRM, MFAP4, LNPEP, LMNB1, LIMS1, KDM6A, KIR3DS1, HSP90B2P, TRH, TRIO, KCNMA1, KCNA4, TUFT1, ITIH1, ITGB3, TYRP1, UCN, COL14A1, UQCRFS1, UVRAG, TRAF2, ITGAM, ITGA2, IRS1, IRAK1, INSRR, INPP5D, VIPR2, IDO1, VWF, WNT3, IL13RA2, WNT7A, WNT10B, KLK1, TRAF1, TGFBR3, TMSB4X, LIG4, LGALS9, THRA, LGALS8, TIA1, TIE1, LDLR, TLR1, LAIR2, LAIR1, LAG3, TLR5, TM7SF2, CLEC3B, HSP90B1, KRT13, TNFAIP3, KRT5, TNPO1, KPNA2, KIF11, KLRB1, TPH1, TPI1, TPM1, TPSAB1, CRISP2, NR2C2, SHH, SHBG, MSD, PSMD11, PDPK1, PDK2, PDK1, PDGFRA, MAPK10, MAP2K1, MAP2K7, EIF2AK2, PDE4A, PDE3A, PDCD1, PSMB3, CDK16, PSMD12, PRKCD, PCSK1, PTGDS, PTGER2, PTGER3, PAX7, PAM, PAK2, SERPINB2, PTH2R, PRDX1, PCSK6, P4HB, PTPN7, PRKD1, PRKAR2B, PTPN14, SERPINA4, PLEC, PLAGL1, SERPINF2, PLK1, FXYD1, PLA2G1B, PKM, PLXNB1, PMS2P2, PRRX1, PIK3R1, SERPINE2, POU1F1, PI3, PRKAR1A, PPARD, PGF, PPM1A, PPP1R1A, PPP2CA, PGAM1, PPP3R2, SRGN, PF4, SERPINF1, PDYN, PRKACB, PRKACG, PTPN11, PTPRK, SGK1, CCL21, SCN9A, NFATC1, CCL3, CCL3L1, CCL4, NEK2, CCL7, CCL8, NELL1, CCL13, NEDD9, CCL18, NCAM1, GADD45B, SAA3P, CXCL5, MUTYH, RNR2, ND2, ND1, MTHFR, MAP2K4, SET, COX1, MSX2, MSX1, MSH3, MSH2, SCN8A, SAA2, PTX3, NT5E, P4HA1, OPRM1, OPRD1, RARA, RARB, OCRL, OAT, ROR2, NTRK2, RHAG, RHEB, RLBP1, RORA, RPE65, SAA1, RPL29, RPLP0, RPS3, RPS6KA1, RPS6KA3, RRAS, NPPA, NPAS2, NOTCH4, NOTCH3, NOTCH2, NFKBIA, NFATC4, WNT11, WRN, XBP1, IPO8, GDF2, NOD1, GCK, SPAG11B, GCG, SPON1, C1D, GC, GATA4, GATA1, FST, GAS6, SEMA3C, FUT2, GGT1, BATF, ANP32B, PRDX4, SLC35A1, FPR2, PDPN, FOLH1, CXCR6, GNA13, FLG, YME1L1, MAP3K2, FOXO1, GFAP, SPRY2, ADAM28, CCR10, GPX4, KEAP1, TLK1, USP3, GPX1, SLC23A2, GRK5, MED12, CASP8AP2, AKT3, HDAC6, GJC1, GPR17, UST, GH1, KIF20A, GNAI3, GNAI1, GMDS, GLRX, G3BP1, GLO1, GPC3, CHST4, GIP, CALCRL, CBLIF, RASGRP2, LILRB1, PPARGC1A, HDAC9, ESRRB, FASN, FAP, ACSL4, PLAU, MCF2L2, FAAH, F11, GPD1L, GANAB, F5, F2R, ACSL6, SATB2, SIK3, ATF6, ESRRA, ERG, HARS2, ANGPTL2, EREG, LPAR3, ERCC1, SMUG1, DDX58, FAM215A, PATZ1, CLEC5A, CD2AP, SIRT2, FAT1, CPSF4, CDC42EP1, RALBP1, FOXD1, CKAP4, FOXC1, FKBP5, KIF2C, LILRB3, FH, FGF13, CNTRL, FGF8, FGF6, CD160, FGF5, MLXIP, PSIP1, FGF4, FZD10, DDX20, POLG2, FBN2, CHP1, TREX1, B4GALT7, GABARAP, CASC3, CILK1, NLRP1, GRIA1, IKBKE, IL13RA1, HSD11B1, CBX4, APOL1, LGR5, KHSRP, IFNA13, SLC25A12, PSMG1, IFNA1, IRF8, ICAM3, HSPD1, HSP90AA1, HSPA1A, HES1, PIK3R3, PRMT1, TNFSF13, HPRT1, HPN, RIPK2, HP, FADD, HOXD13, IL1RL2, HOXA1, NRP1, SOCS2, CFLAR, ITGA8, MAP4K3, HNRNPD, IL2RG, YWHAB, YWHAZ, ZAP70, CNBP, ZNF143, ZNF185, SCG2, BAG6, TFEB, GHS, IL7R, NR4A3, IL4R, IL2RB, IFNB1, IL2RA, IKBKB, IHH, AXIN1, FZD1, FZD4, IGFBP6, SPARCL1, IGFBP5, BBOX1, RECK, IGFBP3, IGFBP1, HNRNPK, HNF4A, NCOR2, GSTT1, HABP2, H3-3B, PDLIM7, MAPKAPK2, KLF4, H3-3A, LHX2, PPIG, GTF2H1, ZFYVE9, MSH6, PEX16, CYP7B1, EIF2AK3, NOG, ITM2A, GGPS1, GSTM1, SLC25A27, GSTA4, GSM1, PDIA3, GAL3ST1, LITAF, GDF15, TBPL1, VPS4B, GRINA, HARS1, XPR1, HDAC3, P4HA2, KAT2B, FOXA1, HMX1, PER2, IER3, HMMR, SPHK1, HLA-G, DDX18, HK2, AP1S2, HK1, SKAP2, KALRN, HCLS1, MAP3K14, HGF, CH25H, PKD2L1, HCRTR1, USP14, SLC16A4, SLC16A3, PDLIM1, PRPF3, ATG12, HCRT, LPAR2, SPTBN1
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Hearing Loss
Wikipedia
There are several hypotheses including cognitive resources being redistributed to hearing and social isolation from hearing loss having a negative effect. [28] According to preliminary data, hearing aid usage can slow down the decline in cognitive functions . [29] Hearing loss is responsible for causing thalamocortical dysrthymia in the brain which is a cause for several neurological disorders including tinnitus and visual snow syndrome . ... Journal of the American Academy of Audiology . 28 (6): 575–588. doi : 10.3766/jaaa.16044 . ... "When timing is everything: Age of first-language acquisition effects on second-language learning" . Applied Psycholinguistics . 28 (3): 537–549. doi : 10.1017/s0142716407070294 . ^ Robinson DW, Sutton GJ (1979).SLC26A4, PCDH15, USH1G, MSRB3, GSDME, DNMT1, TJP2, TECTA, WFS1, GJB6, GJB2, MYO7A, GJB3, OTOF, USH2A, CDH23, EYA4, TMPRSS3, TMC1, PRPS1, ACTG1, WHRN, TRIOBP, USH1C, LRTOMT, MYO15A, MARVELD2, ILDR1, SIX1, POU3F4, PJVK, COL4A5, FGFR3, ADGRV1, CHD7, MYO3A, SALL4, TMIE, FOXC1, GRXCR1, DSPP, FANCC, FGF3, PITX2, COCH, GIPC3, TPRN, EYA1, SLC33A1, CLDN14, FANCG, FANCA, BTD, ARSB, PNPT1, SLC29A3, APOE, CLRN1, GRHL2, SMPX, ESRRB, CIB2, SLC26A5, COL11A2, LOXHD1, CRYM, DIAPH1, SH3PXD2B, TIMM8A, OTOA, RDX, LMX1A, STAG2, CACNA2D2, TLR4, ERCC6, MN1, NTF3, RPS6KA3, TRAPPC4, ABHD5, RPGR, HSD17B4, DIABLO, FOXI1, CCDC50, SOD1, ATP6V1B1, MIR96, ABHD12, BCL2L1, CISD2, BSND, MYO1A, SLC17A8, STAT1, CDK8, SERPINB6, UCP2, BDNF, PDE5A, UCP3, IL10, ARC, KCNQ4, STRC, POU4F3, ELMOD3, OTOGL, SLC26A2, LHFPL5, ESPN, CEACAM16, TBC1D24, SOX10, PAX3, GUSB, TFAP2A, IQGAP2, LMNA, GJB1, GJB4, MANBA, ATP6, KCNE1, MPZ, COL2A1, CDC14A, COL4A4, PMP22, CABP2, RMND1, OTOG, EDN1, TFAP2B, TCF12, HNF1B, UBE2A, FIG4, TWIST1, ALMS1, TELO2, IFT140, PIEZO1, MED12, SEMA3E, SHOC2, CEP57, IQCB1, GDF3, GABBR2, AMMECR1, CREB3L1, SCO2, CERT1, ZMPSTE24, SF3B4, COQ7, KDM6A, BCAP31, SLX4, PIGO, TBX1, NSD2, ZIC1, PQBP1, TBX15, NELFA, LMNB2, WNT5A, ABCB6, XRCC2, PPP1R15B, TULP1, KMT2D, ARL6, TBX4, BMP15, TRRAP, SHANK3, CDC45, BUB3, PLA2G6, AIFM1, SMC3, PLOD3, KYNU, TGFB1, ZNF469, PEX11B, TNFRSF11A, PHF6, OFD1, TP63, TNFSF11, CNTNAP1, TGM1, STUB1, LRAT, TERT, MKKS, PIGL, CHST3, ANTXR1, ITM2B, TERC, RECQL4, COG1, USP9X, ARID1A, RBM10, USP45, TK2, NRXN1, THRB, TRIP13, NAA10, RNF135, AP1S2, CEP290, TCIRG1, TBL1XR1, DARS2, MSTO1, WRAP53, FANCL, CARS2, PHIP, SH3TC2, IMPAD1, MKS1, NSUN2, BCOR, UGT1A1, LZTFL1, NDUFB11, USB1, RTEL1, OTUD6B, LIPT1, MBTPS2, DACT1, WAC, TACO1, TRAPPC12, NDUFA13, WDPCP, GMNN, TPRKB, SOST, TBX22, RFWD3, BBS7, FANCI, HYMAI, PORCN, NMNAT1, EPS8L2, NXN, SLC39A8, PIEZO2, ALOXE3, NDUFAF5, GBA2, FANCM, ARID1B, NUP107, RPGRIP1, COQ8A, NOP10, MRPS22, TWNK, CCDC28B, KLHL7, NDUFA12, VPS11, SPATA7, MCTP2, VAC14, NHP2, PIGV, SLC52A2, FOXRED1, RRM2B, PALB2, NDRG1, NARS2, CTC1, CRB1, SURF1, PLXND1, POGZ, TRIM32, P2RX2, DHX30, MORC2, NTNG1, PUF60, EXOSC8, POLG2, POLR3A, PRDM5, IFT27, SLC19A3, SDCCAG8, CDT1, RAI1, YME1L1, EBP, STAMBP, BRIP1, POMT1, COLEC10, NOP56, SEC23B, MAD2L2, SPIDR, KAT6B, CDK20, IFT172, PYCR2, PSMC3IP, SNX10, ANKRD11, UBE2T, NDUFAF4, BBS10, PCLO, PGAP2, BBS9, INTU, EHMT1, TINF2, ABCA12, WBP2, ZBTB20, CNTNAP2, DNAH1, SIN3A, NDUFAF3, ANAPC15, L2HGDH, RAB3GAP2, AIPL1, KCNE5, DCAF17, ORC6, LEMD3, TAF1, TTR, ABCC8, GCK, GBA, ARID2, FLCN, GALNS, GALC, GAA, FZD2, KDSR, FUCA1, NR5A1, FSHR, FXN, FMR1, CERS3, FLNA, FOXG1, FGFR2, FGFR1, GPC4, FDXR, FANCF, FANCB, ACSL4, FANCE, FANCD2, RNASEH1, NALCN, ERCC5, ERCC4, GCH1, GJA1, STXBP1, GPC3, ITGB6, PDX1, INS, IMPDH1, BEAN1, SIX5, IFRD1, IDUA, IDS, TNC, HSPD1, HNRNPK, HNF4A, HIVEP1, HEXA, HCCS, HBB, HARS1, GUCY2D, C8orf37, BBS12, LCA5, GSN, ASXL1, GNS, GNAS, GNAI3, GLI3, GLB1, ERCC3, ERCC2, EP300, EDNRB, PTPRQ, RUNX2, PCARE, CACNA1D, BUB1B, BUB1, BTK, BRCA2, BRAF, BRCA1, BCS1L, BBS4, BBS2, BBS1, GDF6, ASPA, ARSL, C10orf105, ALG11, APC, SLC25A4, ALOX12B, ABCD1, AKT1, AK2, AHSG, PET100, KLLN, ACVR1, NDUFS7, CDC6, CHD4, CRX, EDN3, ECHS1, DVL3, DVL1, ATN1, SUMF1, DKC1, DHCR7, PNPLA1, SLC26A4-AS1, DDX11, DDX3X, CTNNB1, CREBBP, NIPAL4, COX15, COX7B, RD3, COL10A1, ZFP57, COL7A1, COL4A6, COL4A3, COL1A2, COL1A1, CLCN7, AP1S1, CKMT1B, KARS1, KCNC3, TTC8, RET, SMIM12, COLEC11, RAD51, PTH1R, NLRP3, PTEN, MASP1, GPRASP2, PRKAR1A, PPP1CB, CTSA, POLR2F, POLG, NUS1, PLCB4, PLAGL1, PIK3CA, PIK3C2A, PIGA, TWIST2, PHEX, ATP8B1, PEX13, PEX6, PEX1, PEPD, PDHA1, PDE9A, PDE4D, DPF2, REV3L, PCYT1A, CHST14, CDKL5, STAT3, SRY, SRP72, SOX11, SOX9, SOX4, SOX2, SON, SMARCE1, SMARCC2, SMARCB1, SMARCA4, SNAI2, RFT1, NDUFAF2, COG7, SGSH, SDHD, SDHC, SDHB, SDHA, BBIP1, G6PC3, SC5D, SALL1, DTD1, RPL11, RPE65, PDE1C, RAD51C, KCNJ11, SMAD4, MYCN, TRNL1, MTHFD1, ATP8, BBS5, VPS37A, NDUFAF6, MITF, MGP, HGSNAT, MEOX1, MECP2, MAF, B3GLCT, PAX2, LRP5, LRP4, RDH12, LMX1B, LMNB1, LIG4, LHX1, LETM1, KRAS, KIT, KIF5A, KCNQ1, KCNJ13, MYD88, MYH3, NDUFV1, TNFRSF11B, OAT, ROR2, ORC1, NPHP1, NOTCH2, NFIX, MTFMT, NDUFV2, NDUFS8, NDUFS4, NDUFS3, NDUFS2, NDUFS1, NDUFB8, NDUFA10, ORC4, NDUFA9, NDUFA4, NDUFA2, PARN, NAGLU, NAGA, RNR1, MYO6, MYH9, OPA1, MYH6, NT5E, MYH14, COX1, KCNJ10, NAT2, GSTM1, GATA3, IGF1, ADA, ADCY1, CD226, ACE, UCN, MTHFR, S1PR2, ATP2B2, TRS-AGA2-3, GRM7, CRP, F11, ETS1, TRPV4, EPO, FABP2, SLC26A3, SLC26A11, RSPO1, DFNA47, GATA2, FCGR1A, FOXO3, FLI1, FLNC, DMD, PTCRA, DFNB33, GSTM3, GSTP1, GSTT1, HOXA1, IDH2, SH2D6, CYP2A6, DFNA16, DFNA7, DFNB71, ADCYAP1, DFNB55, ALB, DFNB47, DFNB45, BIRC5, ARL2, MIR34A, CHCHD10, BAK1, BCL2, CALCA, CAPG, CD5L, CD40LG, CD69, GJC3, CKB, COL9A3, COL11A1, DFNB38, DFNA49, KLKB1, DFNX3, IL1B, MET, LRP2, LY6E, UCP1, UROD, BEST1, CD164, ADIPOQ, FHL5, BAG3, SNAP91, PDLIM5, GIPC1, EHD1, SIRT1, BACE1, DFNA24, PDZD7, MTO1, EHF, HPGDS, REM1, EHD4, EHD3, EHD2, TSPEAR, MCPH1, THG1L, FKBP14, POMGNT1, ACTB, TPO, TGFB3, PRKCG, ANKH, ATXN3, MSX1, MTAP, ND4, MTR, TRNS1, NEFL, PAX9, SERPINA1, PLOD1, PLS1, PTGDS, DFNA18, RASA1, ROM1, SERHL, ACSM3, ATXN2, SCD, SKP1, SLC6A11, SLC6A13, SKP1P1, SLC25A21, TGFA, ERICD
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Friedreich's Ataxia
Wikipedia
A standing frame can help reduce the secondary complications of prolonged use of a wheelchair. [27] [28] Medication and surgery [ edit ] Cardiac abnormalities can be controlled with ACE inhibitors such as enalapril , ramipril , lisinopril , or trandolapril , sometimes used in conjunction with beta blockers .FXN, NFE2L2, GABPA, CASP3, GPAA1, PPARG, GAA, FANCC, PIP5K1B, CTCF, PPARGC1A, SIRT3, GFAP, MSH2, EPO, IGF1, HDAC3, IL1B, SOD2, BRCA2, GRAP2, SLC1A3, RACK1, DNM1L, PCLAF, TJP2, TAT, TBX1, AIMP2, XBP1, FOXH1, TRAF2, CPNE3, CCT3, UCHL1, VCAM1, EZR, TP53, SYNE1, AHSA1, GABARAP, VTRNA2-1, POU5F1P4, POU5F1P3, MIR323A, MIR124-1, CTCFL, CHCHD4, FTMT, BCL2L12, ACE2, HAMP, LYRM4, SLC17A7, COQ8A, RETN, HPGDS, MLH3, POLDIP2, RNF19A, ISCU, CRTC1, SCT, SETX, SELP, ACO2, ATXN1, HSPA5, HFE, GPX1, GH1, GABRB1, FTH1, FMR1, ERBB2, DNMT1, NQO1, CYP2A6, MAPK14, CRK, COX8A, CD68, CCK, RUNX1, CAT, CAPG, BAX, ATF4, AR, AGTR1, ACTC1, HIF1A, HSPA9, ROS1, ICAM1, RORC, RAD51, MAPK1, PRKAA2, ACTB, POU5F1, PMS2, PHF1, PDK1, PDGFRB, OPA1, NPPB, MYH4, MYH2, MTHFR, MLH1, MIP, MEF2C, CD46, LPL, LAMP1, IL10, IFNG, LINC01672
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Bulimia Nervosa
Wikipedia
One study found 70% had depression at some time in their lives (as opposed to 26% for adult females in the general population), rising to 88% for all affective disorders combined. [25] Another study by the Royal Children's Hospital in Melbourne on a cohort of 2,000 adolescents similarly found that those meeting at least two of the DSM-IV criteria for bulimia nervosa or anorexia nervosa had a sixfold increase in risk of anxiety and a doubled risk for substance dependency. [26] Some with anorexia nervosa exhibit episodes of bulimic tendencies through purging (either through self-induced vomiting or laxatives) as a way to quickly remove food in their system. [27] There may be an increased risk for diabetes mellitus type 2 . [28] Bulimia also has negative effects on a person's teeth due to the acid passed through the mouth from frequent vomiting causing acid erosion, mainly on the posterior dental surface.SLC6A4, CHODL, NKAIN3, BDNF, LEP, OPN1SW, COMT, DRD4, HTR2A, TAL1, SCLY, KRT7, GHRL, HTR2C, MC4R, MCL1, PYY, NR3C1, SLC6A3, HTR1B, BED, ADIPOQ, DRD2, GHSR, GCG, FAAH, DST, CNR1, GLP1R, DPP4, CLOCK, ZGLP1, WASF3, CIT, TBC1D9, OR4G1P, OR2AG1, MBOAT4, CTNNBIP1, GGCT, FTO, LINC00880, EHMT1, NT5C1B, SYTL5, HTR3B, ATP8A2, AGRP, PEA15, MMP9, CCND1, ESR1, ESR2, GH1, GPT, HTR1A, HTR3A, IGF1, IGF2, NTRK2, ST8SIA4, OCA2, OXTR, ALDH1A1, BRD2, SHBG, SLC2A1, SNCA, SULT1A1, TPH1, ABCB1